Preparedness and Adaptive Capacity of Students for Landslide Disasters in Karangkobar, Central Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Landslides are disasters that often hit several areas in Banjarnegara Regency. The worst landslide incident which claimed many victims occurred on December 12, 2014, in Jemblung Hamlet, Sampang Village, Karangkobar District, which resulted in the settlement of one hamlet being buried. The high risk of landslides in the Karangkobar District necessitates adequate preparedness and capacity. The focus of the research was to determine (1) the level of student preparedness for landslides in Karangkobar District, (2) the level of student adaptive capacity for landslides in Karangkobar District, and (3) the relationship between preparedness and student adaptive capacity. The researchers used a quantitative descriptive method and collected data using questionnaires, observations, and secondary data on disaster events from the Central Regional Management Agency (BPBD) of Banjarnegara Regency. Four junior high schools in the Karangkobar District were studied. The findings showed that preparedness was homogeneous across the four schools. The level of preparedness was moderate, with an index of 71% - 75%. MTs Muhammadiyah Karangkobar was in the high category for adaptive capacity with 80.54%, and other schools were classified as medium. Preparedness correlated with adaptive capacity, with a significance value of 0.035 (<0.05).
Keywords: disaster, preparedness, adaptive capacity, landslide
References
[1] Basri THN, SR. Knowledge level of earthquake and tsunami disaster at disaster preparedness school and non-disaster preparedness school in Kuta Raja subdistrict of Banda Aceh Knowledge level of earthquake and tsunami disaster at disaster preparedness preparedness school. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755- 1315/273/1/012029
[2] Undang-undang Republik Indonesia. Undang-undang republik Indonesia nomor 24 tahun 2007.
[3] Lindell MK, Prater CS. Assessing community impacts of natural disasters. 2003;6988(November). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2003)4
[4] Butt S, Nasu H, Nottage L. Asia-Pacific disaster management: Comparative and socio-legal perspectives. 2014;1–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39768-4
[5] BNPB. Data indeks bencana Indonesia. 2020. BNPB.
[6] BNPB. Rencana nasional penanggulangan bencana 2015-2019. Rencana Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana; 2014. Available from: https://www.bnpb.go.id//uploads/renas/1/BUKU RENAS PB.pdf.
[7] BNPB. RBI (Risiko bencana Indonesia). BNPB direktorat pengurangan risiko bencana. 2018;9(3):1–218.
[8] Christanto N, Hadmoko DS, Westen CJ, et al. Characteristic and behavior of rainfall induced landslides in Java island, Indonesia: An overview. Eguga; 2009;11:4069.
[9] Murdiyanto, Gutomo T. Bencana alam banjir dan tanah longsor dan upaya masyarakat dalam penanggulangan. Jurnal PKS. 2015;14(4):437–452.
[10] Manyoe IN, Usman FCA, Taslim I, Mokoginta M, Napu SSS, Salama TH. Geological structure analysis for potential landslide disaster and mitigation at Tanjung Keramat Area, Gorontalo. Jurnal Sains Informasi Geografis. 2020;3(1):37. https://doi.org/10.31314/jsig.v3i1.543.
[11] Isnaini R. Analisis bencana tanah longsor di wilayah jawa tengah. 2019;1(2):143–160. https://doi.org/10.18326/imej.v1i2.143-160
[12] BPBD Banjarnegara. Pemerintah kabupaten banjarnegara badan penanggulangan bencana daerah. 2020.
[13] Mufid AJ. Analisis keruangan penggunaan tanah daerah rawan longsor di kecamatan karangkobar kabupaten banjarnegara. 2016.
[14] Hida TA, RH. Kajian pemanfaatan wilayah rawan longsor di kecamatan karangkobar, kabupaten banjarnegara berdasarkan peraturan menteri pekerjaan umum no.22/PRT/M/2007 dengan modifikasi. 2019.
[15] Amri A, Bird D, Ronan KR, Haynes K. Disaster risk reduction education in Indonesia: Challenges and disaster risk reduction education in Indonesia: Challenges and. February. 2016. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2015-344.
[16] Sakurai A, Bisri MBF, Oda T, RSO, YM. Assessing school disaster preparedness by applying a comprehensive school safety framework: A case of elementary schools in Banda Aceh City. Earth and Environmental Science. 2017;56. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/755/1/011001
[17] Cindrawaty NP. Kesiapsiagaan komunitas sekolah dalam menghdapi bencana di kabupaten magelang. Jurnal Teknik Sipil. 2015;11:1.
[18] Pradika MI, Giyarsih SR, Hartono H. Peran pemuda dalam pengurangan risiko bencana dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan wilayah desa kepuharjo, kecamatan cangkringan, kabupaten sleman, daerah istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional. 2018;24(2):261. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.35311
[19] Adger WN, Arnell NW, Tompkins EL. Successful adaptation to climate change across scales. 2005;15:77–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005
[20] Baharinawati WH, Purwanto. Analisis keterpaparan sensivitas dan kapasitas adaptasi masyarakat terhadap kekeringan di dusun pamor, kradenan, grobogan. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Dan Konservasi Alam. 2020;17:1–19.
[21] Nipa TJ, Kermanshachi S, Patel R, Tafazzoli M. Disaster preparedness education: Construction curriculum requirements to increase students’ preparedness in preand post-disaster activities. 2020;1:142–131. https://doi.org/10.29007/c9s4
[22] Akbar M. Kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana longsor di desa tabbinjai kecamatan tombolo pao kabupaten gowa. (Thesis). 2019.
[23] Pranata S, Widodo S, Vranada A, Machmudah, Mariyam M. How to prepare a school based disaster preparedness in indonesia. 4th International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2020–Health Science and Nursing (ICoSIHSN 2020). 2021. 528–533 pp. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.210115.103
[24] Koswara A, Amri A, Zainuddin FK, et al. Pendidikan tangguh bencana “mewujudkan satuan pendidikan aman bencana di Indonesia”. SEKNAS SPAB; 2019.
[25] Sari AL. School in earthquake threat: School based disaster preparedness model in Indonesia. Preprints; 2019. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201902.0253.v1
[26] LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR. Panduan mengukur tingkat kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dan komunitas sekolah. 2006.
[27] Brown L, LaFond A, Macintyre K. Measuring capacity building. 2001 Mar. 919–966. Available from: http://www.heartintl. net/HEART/Financial/comp/MeasuringCapacityBuilg.pdf
[28] The World Bank. Capacity building in Africa: An OED evaluation of World Bank support. OECD; 2005.
[29] Erlinda ST. Studi kapasitas adaptif masyarakat adat baduymluar dalam menghadapi pandemi covid-19. UPT Perpustakaan ITB, Tugas Akhir. 2020;1–122.
[30] Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Konvergensi adaptasi perubahan iklim dan pengurangan risiko bencana (API-PRB). 2017.
[31] Norris FH, Stevens SP, Pfefferbaum B, Wyche KF, Pfefferbaum RL. Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. American Journal of Community Psychology. 2008;41(1–2):127–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6
[32] Eugenio EA, Macandog PBM, Eugenio JMA, Manuta JB. Adaptive capacity of Philippine communities vulnerable to flash floods and landslides: Assessing loss and damage from typhoon Bopha in Eastern Mindanao. 2016;19(3):279–314.
[33] Keswara. No Title. 2015.
[34] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Kabupaten banjarnegara dalam angka 2021. 2021;148:148–162.