Impact of Effective Communication on the Quality of Excellent Service and Patient Satisfaction in the Outpatient Department

Abstract

Effective communication is crucial to support nurses in providing excellent service, including a caring attitude towards patients to help facilitate their needs and to realize patient satisfaction. The purpose of this literature review was to describe the impact of effective communication on the improvement of the quality of excellent service and patient satisfaction in outpatient departments. This review was conducted by searching published articles on Google with selected keywords including “effective communication,” “excellent service” and “patient satisfaction.” The search was limited to publications between 2009 and 2019. The result of the study showed that effective communication can significantly impact the improvement of excellent service quality, thereby increasing patient satisfaction with the health care they receive. The study recommends a collaboration between the HR and the Head of Nursing to conduct effective communication training. Nurses are expected to be able to improve their effective communication skills with patients, and further studies are needed to dig deeper into the impact of effective communication on improving the quality of excellent service and patient satisfaction.


Keywords: effective communication, excellent service patient satisfaction

References
[1] Saleha, S. and Satrianegara, S. (2009). Buku Ajar Organisasi dan Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan serta Kebidanan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.

[2] Sumarno, B. A. (2012). Analisis pengaruh kualitas pelayanan jasa terhadap kepuasan dan loyalitas pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit St. Elisabeth Semarang. Eksplanasi, vol. 1, issue 1, pp. 1–18.

[3] Roganda, D., Salman, Nurcandrani, P. S. (2016). Pola Komunikasi Interpersonal Teraupetik Dokter Terhadap Pasien Anak roganda. KALBISOCIO, Jurnal Bisnis dan Komunikasi, vol. 2, issue 2, pp. 183– 193.

[4] Hanafi, I., Richard, D. S. (2012). Keterampilan Komunikasi Interpersonal Perawat Berpengaruh Peningkatan Kepuasan Pasien. Jurnal STIKES, vol. 5, issue 2, pp. 155–66.

[5] Indriyanti, D. D. (2012). Hubungan Komunikasi Perawat Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Tentang Pelayanan Kesehatan Pada Pasien Tuberculosis Paru Di Puskesmas Sukodono Sidoarjo. Medica Majapahit (Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Majapahit), vol. 4, issue 1, pp. 33–45.

[6] Arianto, A. (2013). Komunikasi Kesehatan (Komunikasi Antara Dokter Dan Pasien). E-JURNAL, vol. 3, issue 2, pp. 1–13.

[7] Fatmawati, T. (2016). Pengaruh Mutu Pelayanan Dokter Terhadap Loyalitas Pasien di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. JMMR (Jurnal Medicoeticolegal dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit), vol. 5, issue 2, pp. 150–6.

[8] Lasserre, C. (2010). Fostering a Culture of Service Excellence. J Med Pract Manage., vol. 26, issue 3, pp. 166–9.

[9] Putri, H. A., Saryadi, S. and Dewi, R. S. (2013). Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pasien di Rumah Sakit Islam Kota Magelang. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis., vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 110–6.

[10] Amin, M. and Nasharuddin, S. (2013). Hospital Service Quality and its Effects on Patient Satisfaction and Behavioural Intention. Clinical Governance: An International Journal, issue 18, pp. 238–54.

[11] Wahyuni, T., Yanis, A. and Erly, E. (2013). Hubungan Komunikasi Dokter–Pasien Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Berobat Di Poliklinik RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 175–7.

[12] Anggarawati, T. and Sari, N. W. (2016). Kepentingan bersama perawat-dokter dengan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Keperawatan, vol. 12, issue 1, pp. 44–54.

[13] WHO. (2010). Framework for Action on Interprofesional Education & Collaborative Practice. Geneva: World Health Organization.

[14] Reni, A., Yudianti, K., and Somantri, I. (2010). Efektifitas Pelaksanaan Komunikasi dalam Kolaborasi Antara Perawat dan Dokter di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Sumedang. Majalah Keperawatan Unpad., vol. 12, issue 1, pp. 36–7.

[15] Sumarno, A. B. (2012). Analisis pengaruh kualitas pelayanan jasa terhadap kepuasan dan loyalitas pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit St. Elisabeth Semarang. Eksplanasi, vol. 1, issue 1, pp. 1–18.

[16] Suwarto, S. (2009). Hubungan Kualitas Layanan Dengan Tingkat Pemanfaatan Layanan Kesehatan Dasar Gratis Di Puskesmas Limpasu Periode Juni S.D September Tahun 2009 [Karya Tulis Ilmiah]. Banjarbaru: Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.

[17] Boykins, A. D. (2014). Core Communication Competencies in Patient-Centered Care. ABNF J (The Association of Black Nursing Faculty Journal), vol. 25, issue 2, pp. 40–5.

[18] Morris, D. and Matthews, J. (2014). Communication, Respect, and Leadership: Interprofessional Collaboration in Hospitals of Rural Ontario. Can J Diet Pract Res., vol. 75, issue 4, pp. 173–9.

[19] Rokhmah, N. A. and Anggorowati, A. (2017). Komunikasi Efektif Dalam Praktek Kolaborasi Interprofesi Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Pelayanan. JHeS (Journal of Health Studies), vol. 1, issue 1, pp. 65–71.

[20] Almond, P. and Yardley, J. (2009). Essential Skills Clusters for Nurses: Theory for Practice. UK: Willey-Blackwell.

[21] Kargar, J. M. and Ramezanli, S. (2014). Evaluation of Barriers Contributing in the Demonstration of an Effective Nurse-Patient Communication in Educational Hospitals of Jahrom, 2014. Glob J Health Sci., vol. 6, issue 6, pp. 54–60.

[22] Kurniawati, A. L. (2017). Hubungan Antara Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Dan Komunikasi Terapeutik Dengan Minat Kunjung Kembali Pasien Di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam (Studi Observasi Di Rsud Panglima Sebaya Kabupaten Paser). Jurnal Publikasi Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 116– 23.

[23] Akbar, A. P., Sidin, I. and Pasinringi, S. A. (2013). Gambaran Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelaksanaan Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Labuang Baji Makassar Tahun 2013. Retrieved from http://repository.unhas.ac.id/handle/123456789/5451.

[24] Betcher, D. K. (2010). Elephant in the Room Project: Improving Caring Efficacy through Effective and Compassionate Communication with Palliative Care Patients. Medsurg Nurs., vol. 19, issue 2, pp. 101–5.

[25] Pujiastuti, W. (2010). Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna jasa Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Cepu. Skripsi. Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Uin Malik Ibrahim. Malang.

[26] Purwanto, D., Anggraeni, T. and Heni, S. (2014). Hubungan Komunikasi Verbal Dan Nonverbal Perawat Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Kabupaten Sragen. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Indonesia, vol. 1, issue 1, pp. 1–12.

[27] Gunawan, A. H. (2018). Analisis Kebutuhan Tenaga Perawat Unit Pelayanan Intensif Berdasarkan Beban Kerja dan Kompetensi di Unit Pelayanan Intensif Rumah Sakit Dr Oen Solo Baru Tahun 2015. Jurnal Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia, vol. 2, issue 2, pp. 98–114.

[28] Tay, L. H., Ang, E. and Hegney, D. (2012). Nurses’ Perceptions of the Barriers in Effective Communication with Inpatient Cancer Adults in Singapore. J Clin Nurs., vol. 21, issue 17–18, pp. 2647–58.

[29] Suryani, S. (2014). Komunikasi Terapeutik: Teori & Praktik (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.

[30] Kusumapradja, R., Suandewi, N. and Germas, A. (2013). Analisis Hubungan Antara Kualitas Pelayanan, Karakteristik Pasien, Dan Hambatan Pindah Dengan Loyalitas Pasien Rawat Jalan RSUD Cibinong. Forum Ilmiah, vol. 10, issue 1, pp. 64–74.

[31] Suryadi, E. (2010). Analisis Peranan Leadership Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Manajerial: Jurnal Manajemen dan Sistem Informasi, vol. 9, issue 1, pp. 1–9.

[32] Kusminarti, R. (2013). Persepsi Tentang Profesionalisme, Komunikasi, Motivasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kinerja Perawat. Retrieved from http://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/handle/11617/5275.

[33] Syagitta, M., Sriati, A. and Fitria, N. (2017). Persepsi perawat terhadap pelaksanaan komunikasi efektif di IRJ Al-Islam Bandung. Jurnal Keperawatan BSI, vol. 5, issue 2, pp. 140–7.

[34] Mirnawati, M. (2013). Hubungan Komunikasi Interpersonal Perawat dengan Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Ruang Cempaka RSUD AW Sjahranie Samarinda. Psikoborneo, vol. 1, issue 4, pp. 241–9.

[35] Adiwidjaja, I. and Dhuhaniyati, L. (2012). Implikasi Pelayanan Prima (Service Excellence) Dan Paket Agenda Reformasi Layanan Kesehatan: Pelajaran Menarik dari Singapura dan Malaysia bagi Indonesia. REFORMASI, vol. 2, issue 2, pp. 109–15.

[36] Kelana, M. T. (2015). Pengaruh penerapan pelayanan prima (excellence) perawat terhadap tingkat kepuasan pasien di Rumah Sakit Universitas Tanjungpura Kota Pontianak. Jurnal ProNers, vol. 3, issue 1, pp.3–12.

[37] Tjiptono, F. and Chandra, G. (2011). Service, Quality & Satisfaction (3rd ed.). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.

[38] Ha, J. F. and Longnecker, N. (2010). Doctor-Patient Communication: A Review. Ochsner Journal., vol. 10, issue 1, pp. 38–43.

[39] Chahal, H. and Kumari, N. (2011). Evaluating Customer Relationship Dynamics in Healthcare Sector through Indoor Patients’ Judgement. Management Research Review, vol. 34, issue 6, pp. 626–48.