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Osman, N. A. M., Elraya, I. E., Mohamed, Y. M., Eldirdery, M. M., Elzaki, S. G., Ahmed, A. E., & Eleragi, A. M. E. (2018). Frequency of Methicillin Resistance among Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates in Khartoum State, Sudan. Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences (SJMS), 13(4), 240-250. https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v13i4.3596
https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v13i4.3596
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authors
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Najem Aldin Mohammed Osman
No author data available.
-
Intisar Elhag Elraya
No author data available.
-
Yassir Mahgoub Mohamed
No author data available.
-
Muataz Mohamed Eldirdery
No author data available.
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Salaheldein Gumaa Elzaki
No author data available.
-
Abdallah Elssir Ahmed
No author data available.
-
Ali Mohamed Elhassan Eleragi
No author data available.
Published Date
- Dec 26, 2018
Frequency of Methicillin Resistance among Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates in Khartoum State, Sudan
Abstract
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have emerged as an important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections ranging from mild to severe life-threatening infections. Therefore, a reliable detection of such strains is required for effective treatment. Objectives: To determine the frequency and the antibiogram of MRSA among different clinical isolates. Study Design: A cross-sectional, descriptive study. Materials and Methods: Standard bacteriological methods, disk diffusion and PCR
were performed to determine the frequency of MRSA among different clinical isolates. Results: The overall results showed 96/210 (45.7%) of isolates were MRSA mostly recovered from wounds and blood stream. High percentage was detected in hospitalassociated (HA) strains (64.2%) rather than community (CA) (37.1%) (P-value < 0.001). From the generated Antibiogram, Co-trimoxazole was the most active (80.2%), while Penicillin was the least one (6.2%). Conclusion: As MRSA strains were mostly isolated from Hospitals, clinicians should be
aware of such burden strains. Local frequency investigation of MRSA is recommended for perfect diagnosis and treatment.
References
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[2] Kloos, W. E. and Musselwhite, M. S. (September 1975). Distribution and persistence of Staphylococcus and Micrococcus species and other aerobic bacteria on human skin. Applied Microbiology, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 381–385.
[3] Lina, G., Piemont, Y., Godail-Gamot, F., et al. (November 1999). Involvement of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 1128–1132.
[4] Diekema, D. J., Pfaller, M. A., Schmitz, F. J., et al. (May 15, 2001). Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: Frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program,1997-1999. Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. S114–S132.
[5] Jevons, M. (1961). “Celbenin”-resistance staphylococci. British Medical Journal, vol.1, pp. 124–125.
[6] Maltezou, H. C. and Giamarellou, H. (February 2006). Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 87–96.
[7] Cosgrove, S. E., Sakoulas, G., Perencevich, E. N., et al. ( January 1, 2003). Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A meta-analysis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 53–59.
[8] Gould, I. M. (November 2006). Costs of hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its control. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 379–384.
[9] Jaffe, H. W., Sweeney, H. M., Nathan, C., et al. ( June 1980). Identity and interspecific transfer of gentamicin-resistance plasmids in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 141, no. 6, pp. 738–747.
[10] Chambers, H. F., Hadley, W. K., and Jawetz, E. (1998). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Katzung (ed). Stampford: Appleton and Lange.
[11] Perez, L. R., Dias, C., and d’Azevedo, P. A. (August 2008). Agar dilution and agar screen with cefoxitin and oxacillin: What is known and what is unknown in detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol. 57, Pt 8, pp. 954–956.
[12] Ender, M., McCallum, N., Adhikari, R., et al. ( June 2004). Fitness cost of SCCmec and methicillin resistance levels in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 2295–2297.
[13] Katayama, Y., Robinson, D. A., Enright, M. C., et al. (May 2005). Genetic background affects stability of mecA in Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 2380–2383.
[14] Yu, F. Y., Liu, C. L., Zhang, X. Q., et al. (March 2008). Soft-tissue pyogenic infection in neonates caused by Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes. Zhonghua er ke za zhi. Chinese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 220–223.
[15] Boyle-Vavra, S. and Daum, R. S. ( January 2007). Community-acquired methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus: The role of Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Laboratory Investigation, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 3–9.
[16] Grundmann, H., Aires-de-Sousa, M., Boyce, J., et al. (September 2, 2006). Emergence and resurgence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a publichealth threat. Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9538, pp. 874–885.
[17] Cowan, S. T., Steel, K. J., Barrow, G. I., et al. (1993). Cowan and Steel’s Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria (third edition). Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press.
[18] Collee, J. G., Duguid, J. P., Fraser, A. G., Marmion BP. Mackie & MacCarteny practical medical microbiology. 13