Ship Accident Assessment and Handling

Abstract

All users of sea transportation in Indonesia in particular and in the world in general, place great importance on safety and security issues. They are vital to avoid accidents which can include the sinking or burning of ships, collisions and running aground. The causes of accidents can be broken down into three groups: human factors; technical factors; and weather factors. These can result in loss of life, psychological trauma to survivors, material losses, and environmental damage. This study proposes the following as key considerations in the reduction of accidents: the provision of safe practice guidelines; identify and introduce protections for all risk categories; continuously improve onboard and personal safety measures. In addition, measures can be taken to mitigate the impact of accidents after they occur, such as responsivity, the collection of evidence to establish why accidents occur and ensure they do not occur again, good leadership and demeanors from ship personnel.


Keywords: Ship Accidents, Prevention Efforts, Countermeasures

References
[1] Ahmad, S. P. (2018). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kecelakaan Kapal Pada Jalur Pelayaran Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang. Semarang: Repository Universitas Maritim AMNI (UNIMAR AMNI) Semarang.

[2] Alghanmi, A. (2018). Risk Assessment and Management of Petroleum Transportation Systems Operations. (Doctoral dissertation, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018).

[3] Sitompul, A. N. (2010). Pertanggungjawaban Nahkoda dan Pengangkut Terhadap Kecelakaan Kapal (Tinjauan KEPUTUSAN Mahkamah Pelayaran No.973/051/XII/MP-8). (Undergraduate Thesis Faculty of Law, University Indonesia, 2010).

[4] Anwar, S., Halkis, M. and Dhahiyat, A. P. (2018). Peran instansi penegak hukum dalam mengatasi perompakan bersenjata terhadap nelayan tradisional di perairan provinsi lampung. Keamanan Maritim, vol. 4, issue 1, pp. 47-67.

[5] Thamrin, AR. HT. (2018). Manajemen Keselamatan Maritim Dan Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kapal Ke Titik Nol (Zero Accident). Jurnal Ilmiah Widya, vol. 4, issue 3, pp. 110-116.

[6] Daryanto, (2010). Media Pembelajaran Peranannya Sangat Penting Dalam Mencapai Tujuan Pembelajaran. Yogyakarta: Gava Media

[7] David, S. (2018). Identifikasi Kecelakaan Kerja Ditinjau Dari Penerapan Ism Code Di Oms. Ijen. (Doctoral Dissertation, Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang, 2010).

[8] Santosa, D. (2003). Pokok-Pokok Hukum Perkapalan. Yogyakarta: UII Press.

[9] Hasugian, S., et al. (2018). Pemetaan Karakteristik Kecelakaan Kapal di Perairan Indonesia Berdasarkan Investigasi KNKT. Warta Penelitian Perhubungan, vol. 29, issue 2, pp. 229-240.

[10] Hendrawan, A. and Nusantara, A. M. (2019). Analisa indikator Keselamatan Pelayaran pada Kapal Niaga. Jurnal Saintara, vol. 3, issue 2, pp. 53-59.

[11] cabmakassar.org. Retrieved from https://cabmakassar.org/peraturan-pencegahan-tubrukan-di-lautp2tl/

[12] Kapal-pelaut-surveyor. (2012, November). Retrieved from http://kapal-pelaut-surveyor.blogspot.com/ 2012/11/3-faktor-penyebab-kecelakaan-dalam.html.

[13] Sindonews. (2013, November) https://photo.sindonews.com/gallery/4705/kapal-mitra-abaditenggelam-akibat-kelebihan-muatan.

[14] Beritasatu. (2018, August) https://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/504246/nakhoda-kapal-dimintawaspadai-cuaca-ekstrem.

[15] Kalamanthana. (2016, June). Retrieved from http://www.kalamanthana.com/2016/06/09/ini-penyebabkenapa-sering-kapal-kandas-di-muara-jungkat/.

[16] Wikipedia. (2019, June) Retrieved from https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenggelam.

[17] Kadarisman, M. and Jakarta, U. M. (2017). Maritime Safety and Safety Policy. Kebijakan Keselamatan Dan Keamanan Maritime Dalam Menunjang Sistem Transportasi, vol. 4, issue 2, pp. 177-192.

[18] kbbi.web.id/tenggelam

[19] Kurniallah, V. (2018). Perencanaan dan Perancangan “Museum Transportasi Air” (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya).

[20] Mencapai Tujuain Pembelajaran, Yogyakarta: Gava Media.

[21] Abdulkadir, Muhammad. (2013). Hukum Pengangkutan Niaga. Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti

[22] Purwosutjipto, H.M.N. (1985). Pengertian Pokok Hukum Dagang Indonesia:Hukum Pelayaran Laut dan Perairan Darat. Jakarta: Djambatan

[23] R.P. Suyono, Shipping Pengangkutan Intermodal Eksport Import Melalui Laut, Musibah Kapal, Pencegahan dan Penanganannya, Keamana n Pelabuhan. PPPM. Jakarta. 2007.

[24] Djohari, Santosa. (2004). Pokok-Pokok Hukum Perkapalan. Yogyakarta: UII Press.

[25] Semiawan, C. R. (2010). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Jenis, Karakteristik dan Keunggulannya (Arita L (ed.)). Grasindo.

[26] Uli, Sinta. (2006). Pengangkutan: Suatu Tinjauan Hukum Multimoda Transport Angkutan Laut, Angkutan Darat, dan Angkutan Udara. Medan: USU Press

[27] Syibli, Y. M., Asjani, F., & Devita, A. (2019). Upaya Mencegah Kecelakaan Kerja Anak Buah Kapal Bagian Mesin DI MT. KLASOGUN. Jurnal Sains Teknologi Transportasi Maritim, 1(2), 20-24.

[28] Widiyarini, W., Permana, D. J., & Hunusalela, Z. F. (2019). Penerapan Zero Accident melalui Penyuluhan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja kepada Mitra SMK. Jurnal PkM Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 2(03), 287-293.