Language Aspect in Education As an Aspect of Intercultural Rivalry
Abstract
This article considers how the modern phenomena of multilingualism, multiculturalism and media diversity are different from those of previous periods. With the promotion of multiculturalism as a constructive interaction of cultures, the “clash of civilizations” is also actively discussed as is the fact that, despite the expansion of compulsory multilingualism in education, the dominance of only one language is consistently growing, including officially multilingual Europe. In this regard, it is important to consider such sociocultural processes against wider sociopolitical, cultural and philosophical contexts. The mobility of modern people and their communication with each other is much greater than before, but the language barrier is overcome not so much by their multilingualism or a new lingua franca (English), but by the creation of tourist and business infrastructures, whose employees learn several foreign languages, and only in a small necessary amount. In addition, a small number of professional translators are used when and where a highly qualified translation with a very precise semantic understanding is required. In the future this role might well belong to translation machines. With these realities, as well as with some of the rights of the child, the obligatory study of two or more languages, in most cases the English, provides a stark contrast. The main justification for such a policy is that it supposedly increases the chances of employment. Yet this is an ideological construct, the implementation of which is consuming an ever-increasing proportion of budgetary funds and personal time of students and teachers.
Keywords: education, bilingualism, multilingualism, values, intercultural communication, intercultural rivalry
References
[1] Ricciardelli, L. A. (1992). Bilingualism and Cognitive Development in Relation to Threshold Theory. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, vol. 21, issue 4, pp. 301-316.
[2] Bialistok, E. (2016). Bilingvizm: preimushchestva vladeniia iazykami. Retrieved from https://postnauka. ru/faq/67660.
[3] Commission of the European Communities. (2007). Report on the implementation of the Action Plan - Promoting language learning and linguistic diversity. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal- content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52007DC0554&from=GA.
[4] Commission of the European Communities. (2008). Multilingualism: an asset for Europe and a shared commitment. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/transparency/regdoc/rep/1/2008/EN/1-2008-566-EN- F1-1.Pdf.
[5] Cnesco. (2019). De la découverte à l’appropriation des langues vivantes étrangères : comment l’école peut-elle mieux accompagner les élèves? Recommandations du jury. Retrieved from https://www. cnesco.fr/fr/langues-vivantes.
[6] Cnesco. Langues vivantes étrangères. Retrieved from http://www.cnesco.fr/fr/langues-vivantes/.
[7] Ministère de l’Éducation nationale. (2018). Propositions pour une meilleure maîtrise des langues vivantes étrangères. Retrieved from https://www.education.gouv.fr/cid133908/propositions-pour-une- meilleure-maitrise-des-langues-vivantes-etrangeres.html.
[8] Le Monde.fr. (2013, July). Retrieved from http://www.lemonde.fr/enseignement-superieur/article/ 2013/07/09/recherche-la-france-est-elle-victime-d-une-fuite-des-cerveaux_3442654_1473692. html#QzumdfP9RP3f1Psf.99.
[9] Les jeunes chercheurs étrangers en France. (2010). Résultats de l’enquête réalisé par la CJC en 2010. Retrieved from http://cjc.jeunes chercheurs.org/expertise/etrangers/.
[10] Ministère de l’Éducation nationale. (2010). Repères et références statistiques sur les enseignements, la formation et la recherche 2010. Retrieved from http://media.education.gouv.fr/file/2010/16/9/ RERS_2010_152169.pdf.
[11] LinkedIn. (2019). Retrieved from http://fr.slideshare.net/linkedin/co-migration-2014v1.
[12] European Policy Brief. (2017, November). Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/research/social-sciences/ pdf/policy_briefs/mime_pb_112017.pdf.
[13] European Policy Brief. (2018, September). Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/research/social- sciences/pdf/policy_briefs/mime_pb_092018.pdf.
[14] Martel, F. (2006). De la culture en Amérique. Paris: Gallimard.
[15] Litvak, N. V. (2016). Obrazovanie kak vid informatsionnoi bor’by. Insurance business, vol. 11, pp. 15-19.
[16] Commission of the European Communities. (2005). A New Framework Strategy for Multilingualism. Retrieved from https://eur lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2005:0596:FIN:en:PDF