Quadrilateral Brand: The Journey of Brand Trust in Building Brand Equity

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of brand trust as a mediator in building brand equity with the structural equation model on bottled water objects with a high product price value, and it is believed that the Quadrilateral Brand is a powerful brand strategy. The sample in this study was consumers of drinking water AQUA brand in the market in Central Java, Indonesia. Using a sample of 449 respondents, research on Quadrilateral Brand proves that brand equity can be formed from the positive and significant influence of brand authenticity, brand awareness, and the mediating role of brand trust. This research showed that brand trust can mediate the indirect impact of brand authenticity and brand awareness on brand equity.


Keywords: quadrilateral brand, brand authenticity, brand awareness, brand trust, brand equity

References
[1] Fajariani N, Minum A. “Strategi Pemasaran Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Merk Mox Pada Toko Mario Oxi Desa Tarailu Kecamatan Sampaga Marketing Strategy for Mox Brand Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) at Mario Oxi Stores, Tarailu Village, Sampaga District,” J. Ilm. Ilmu Manaj., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 49–58, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://stiemmamuju.e-journal.id/FJIIM/article/download/88/45/

[2] Eltonia N, Anindita Hayuningtias K. Pengaruh Citra Merek, Persepsi Harga dan Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Merek Le Minerale 600ml di Kota Semarang). J. Mirai Manaj. 2021;6(2):250–6.

[3] Top Brand Award. “Top Brand Award Sub Category Food and Drink,” 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.topbrand-award.com/

[4] N. Wayan Risa Dewi Apsari, I. Gusti Ayu Wimba, and I. Ayu Mashyuni, “Pengaruh Harga Dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) CLEO Di Kota Denpasar,” Widya Amrita J. Manajemen, Kewirausahaan dan Pariwisata, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 1350–1360, 2023.

[5] Ismuputro RM. Peran Citra Merek, Harga Dan Kemasan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Air Minum Dalam Kemasan Aqua. J. Ilmu Manaj. 2020;8(3):1116.

[6] Jankovic M. Application of emotional branding strategy in the model development of sports brand of the bottled water market. Sport Mont. 2017;15(2):49–52.

[7] V. Brei and M. Tadajewski, “Crafting the market for bottled water: a social praxeology approach,” Eur. J. Mark., vol. 49, no. 3 (4), pp. 327–349, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-03-2013-0172

[8] Kegoro HO, Justus M. “Critical Review of Literature on Brand Equity and Customer Loyalty,” Int. J. Business. Econ. Manag. 2020;7(3):146–65.

[9] S. Wang, K. Hung, and W. J. Huang, “Motivations for entrepreneurship in the tourism and hospitality sector: A social cognitive theory perspective,” Int. J. Hosp. Manag., vol. 78, no. December 2017, pp. 78–88, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.11.018

[10] Hair JF, Hult GT. C. M. Ringle; and M. Sarstedt, A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). 3rd ed. SAGE Publications; 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7.

[11] Lu AC, Gursoy D, Lu CY. Authenticity perceptions, brand equity and brand choice intention: the case of ethnic restaurants. Int J Hospit Manag. 2015;50:36–45.

[12] Molares-Cardoso J, de Aguileta CL, Lago BL. “The importance of personal branding as an element of public relations: an international experience,” Comun. e Soc., vol. 2020, no. February 2021, pp. 19–35, 2020,https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.0(2020).2738.

[13] Tieman M. Measuring corporate halal reputation: A corporate halal reputation index and research propositions. J Islamic Mark. 2020;11(3):591–601.

[14] Jeanes EL. The construction and controlling effect of a moral brand. Scand J Manage. 2013;29(2):163–72.

[15] Pratomo LA, Magetsari ON. “Exploring the Consequences of Brand Authenticity,” vol. 151, no. Icmae, pp. 336–339, 2020, https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200915.075.

[16] Niosi A. Introduction to Consumer Behavior. Columbia (BC): Campus; 2021. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367426897-2.

[17] Steenkamp P. “Aaker versus Keller’s models: much ado about branding,” no. June, pp. 1–14, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341909107

[18] M. B. Ahirrao and D. S. Patil, “Customer Based Brand Equity : A Review of Literature,” Int. J. Creat. Res. Thoughts, pp. 547–558, 2017.

[19] Margaretha M, Saragih S, Zaniarti S, Parayow B. Workplace spirituality, employee engagement, and professional commitment: A study of lecturers from Indonesian universities. Probl Perspect Manag. 2021;19(2):346–56.

[20] Lusianti D, Idznitia D, Naimi A. Kesadaran Merek: Persepsi Kemanfaatan Dan Daya Tarik Promosi. Pros. Semin. Nas; 2022. pp. 76–83. [Online], Available https://conference.umk.ac.id/index.php/sndies/article/view/313%0A https://conference.umk.ac.id/index.php/sndies/article/download/313/315

[21] Suntoro W, Silintowe YB. “Analisis Pengaruh Pengalaman Merek, Kepercayaan Merek, dan Kepuasan Merek terhadap Loyalitas Merek,” Maneggio J. Ilm. Magister Manaj., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 25–41, 2020, [Online]. Available: http://ojs.uajy.ac.id/index.php/modus/article/view/3194‘

[22] Raut UR, Pawar PA, Brito PQ, Sisodia GS. “Mediating model of brand equity and its application,” Spanish J. Mark. -. ESIC. 2019;23(2):295–318.

[23] Surapto D. “The Impact of Brand Trust, Brand Loyalty, Brand Image on Service Quality,” vol. 143, no. Isbest. 2020;2019:162–7.

[24] Al-Nashmi MM, Almamary AA. The relationship between Islamic marketing ethics and brand credibility: A case of pharmaceutical industry in Yemen. J Islamic Mark. 2017;8(2):261–88.

[25] Khan MA, Bin Hashim S, Iqbal A, Bhutto MY, Mustafa G. Antecedents of halal brand equity: a study of halal food sector of Malaysia. J Islamic Mark. 2022;13(9):1858–71.

[26] Pintol A, Hadziahmetovic N. the Mediating Role of Brand Trust in Social Media Marketing Activities and Brand Equity Relationship: Case of Bottled Water Brands in the Market of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Eur. J. Bus. Sci. Technol. 2023;9(1):5–20.

[27] Fetais AH, Algharabat RS, Aljafari A, Rana NP. Do Social Media Marketing Activities Improve Brand Loyalty? An Empirical Study on Luxury Fashion Brands. Inf Syst Front. 2022;(0123456789): https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-022-10264-7.

[28] Keller KL. Conceptualizing, Measuring, Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity. J Mark. 1993;57(1):1–22.

[29] Keller KL. Building Customer-Based Brand Equity : A Blueprint for Creating Strong Brands. J Mark Commun. 2001;15(2–3):139–55.

[30] Duman T, Ozbal O, Duerod M. The role of affective factors on brand resonance: measuring customer￿based brand equity for the Sarajevo brand. J Destin Marketing Manag. 2018;8( January):359–72.

[31] Phung MT, Ly PT, Nguyen TT. The effect of authenticity perceptions and brand equity on brand choice intention. J Bus Res. 2019;101(19):726–36.

[32] Xu Y, Du J, Shahzad F, Li X. Untying the Influence of Green Brand Authenticity on Electronic Word-of-Mouth Intention: A Moderation-Mediation Model. Front Psychol. 2021 Sep;12(September):724452.

[33] Yanthi CK. “Pengaruh Brand Authenticity, Self-Image Congruity, Brand Storytelling, Dan Social Influence Terhadap Use Behavior Melalui Behavior Intention Pada Lyncloth Bali,” Agora, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 287196, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://publication.petra.ac.id/index.php/manajemen-bisnis/article/view/9564

[34] Safeer AA, He Y, Lin Y, Abrar M, Nawaz Z. Impact of perceived brand authenticity on consumer behavior: an evidence from generation Y in Asian perspective. Int. J. Emerg. Mark. 2023 Jan;18(3):685–704.

[35] Hernandez-Fernandez A, Lewis MC. Brand authenticity leads to perceived value and brand trust. Eur. J. Manag. Bus. Econ. 2019;28(3):222–38.

[36] Candra A, Farghani H, Haidar R, Farisan V. Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Ekuitas Merek Agen Perjalanan Daring. Indones. Bus. Rev. 2020;3(2):219– 39.

[37] Stevi and N. Artina. Pengaruh Kesadaran Merek, Citra Merek Dan Loyalitas Merek Terhadap Ekuitas Merek Pada Chang Tea Cabang PTC Mall Palembang. J. Ilm. Ekon. Dan Bisnis Univ. Multi Data Palembang. 2022;12(1):139–50.

[38] Yen WH, Caskey D, Warden CA. Development and Empirical Study of Religion Affiliated Nonprofit Organizations’ Brand Equity Questionnaire: Testing Brand Awareness and Trust Among Non-members. Voluntas. 2023;34(5):1081–93.

[39] Dananjoyo R, Udin U. The Effect of Sustainable Brand Equity on Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty Using Customer Trust as Mediation Variable. Int J Sustain Dev Plan. 2023;18(7):2281–91.