Resident's Attitudes Toward Tourism Development in Simanindo Subsdistrict Samosir Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i2.14932Abstract
Tourism development especially in rural areas has changed residents’ economic, sociocultural, and environmental life. It’s important to analyze residents’ attitudes toward tourism development in their area. This study aimed to analyze the attitudes of the Batak Toba Ethnic as residents toward tourism development in Simanindo Subdistrict. This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional survey. A survey with 115 residents as representatives of Batak Ethnic was conducted in June 2022. The findings revealed that several challenges of tourism development had been stated by residents including conflict over resources ownership, less involvement of residents, inadequate financial support, insufficient facilities, low quality of service and product, poor marketing, and unskilled human resources. The Batak Toba Ethnic as residents also obtained positive and negative impacts of tourism development in their area. Positive impacts included conserving culture and heritage, preserving nature, supporting trading of local products, upgrading public facilities, encouraging economic growth, increasing employment opportunities, enhancing additional income, improving the quality of life, increasing foreign investors, improving the standard of living and personal benefit for residents. However, negative impacts were inconsiderable. The main suggestions toward tourism development were enhance local people involvement and participation, increase attractions, accessibilities and amenities. The economic benefits has high correlation toward communities involvement and participation in tourism development.
Keywords: attitudes, challenges, impacts, participation, tourism development
References
Agung Prakoso A, Pradipto E, Sani Roychansyah M, Setya Nugraha B. Communitybased tourism: Concepts, opportunities and challenges. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship. 2020;2(2):95–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v2i2.563
Dimitrovski DD, Todorović AT, Valjarević AD. Rural Tourism and regional development: Case study of development of rural tourism in the region of Gruţa, Serbia. Procedia Environmental Sciences. 2012;14:288–297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.03.028
Mtapuri O, Giampiccoli A. Towards a comprehensive model of community-based tourism development. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2014.977813 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2014.977813
Martín JM, Martínez JM, Fernández JA. An analysis of the factors behind the citizen’s attitude of rejection towards tourism in a context of overtourism and economic dependence on this activity. Sustainability (Basel). 2018;10(8):2851. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082851
Gursoy D, Chi CG, Dyer P. Locals’ attitudes toward mass and alternative tourism: The case of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Journal of Travel Research. 2010;49(3):381–394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509346853
Luštický M, Musil M. Towards a theory of stakeholders’ perception of tourism impacts. Czech Journal of Tourism. 2016;5(2):93–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/cjot-2016-0006
Choi HS, Sirakaya E. Measuring residents’ attitude toward sustainable tourism: Development of sustainable tourism attitude scale. Journal of Travel Research. 2005;43(4):380–394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505274651
Mearns K. Community-based tourism: The key to empowering the Sankuyo community in Botswana. Africa Insight. 2004;33(1): https://doi.org/10.4314/ai.v33i1.22307 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ai.v33i1.22307
Ibanescu BC, Stoleriu OM, Munteanu A, Iaţu C. The impact of tourism on sustainable development of rural areas: Evidence from Romania. Sustainability (Basel). 2018;10(10):1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103529
Deery M, Jago L, Fredline L. Rethinking social impacts of tourism research: A new research agenda. Tourism Management. 2012;33(1):64–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.01.026
Sidauruk T, Delita F, Rohani, Elfayetti, Herdi. Attitudes and community readiness toward digital tourism development. 2023;25(1):95–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/jmb.2023.2013
Fainstein. Residents ’ attitudes toward tourism development: A literature review with implications. 1999;18.
Stadtländer CT. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research. Microbe Wash DC. 2009;4(11):485–485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/microbe.4.485.1
Riepenhausen A, Veer IM, Wackerhagen C, Reppmann ZC, Köber G, Ayuso-mateos JL. Coping with COVID: Risk and resilience factors for mental health in a German representative panel study. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fjqpb
Fotiadis A, Nuryyev G, Achyldurdyyeva J, Spyridou A. The impact of EU sponsorship, size, and geographic characteristics on rural tourism development. Sustainability (Basel). 2019;11(8):1–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082375
Tosun C. Expected nature of community participation in tourism development. Tourism Management. 2006;27(3):493–504. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.12.004
Buhalis D. Tourism on the Greek Islands: Issues of peripherality, competitiveness, and development. International Journal of Tourism Research. 1999;1(5):341–358. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1522-1970(199909/10)1:5<341::AID-JTR201>3.0.CO;2-0
Isa MI, Rahman NA, Abdullah K, Lutfi A, Mohamad MR, Rahmat A, et al. Development of rural tourism in Perak Tengah. 2022;20:405–419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v20i23.1175
Dewi L, Djunaid IS, Studi Usaha Perjalanan Wisata P, Tinggi Pariwisata Bogor S. Meningkatkan ekonomi lokal melalui pariwisata pedesaan: Studi kasus desa ciseeng enhancing local economic through rural tourism: A case study at Ciseeng village. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora. 2019;10(1):14–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30997/jsh.v10i1.1607
Kozhokulov S, Chen X, Yang D, Issanova G, Samarkhanov K, Aliyeva S. Assessment of tourism impact on the socio-economic spheres of the Issyk-Kul Region (Kyrgyzstan). Sustainability (Basel). 2019;11(14):1–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143886
Jennifer KL, Xin TK; Jennifer Kim Lian Chan; Tay Kai Xin. Exploring definitions and practices of responsible tourism in Kinabalu National Park, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management. 2015;3(3):87–101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17265/2328-2169/2015.06.001
Delita F, Sugiharto, Sidauruk T, Yenni N, Ridha Syafii Damanik M. Sugiharto, Sidauruk T, Yenni N, Ridha Syafii Damanik M. GIS application in mapping of tourism attractions in samosir district north sumatera province. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019;1175:012226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1175/1/012226
Muresan IC, Oroian CF, Harun R, Arion FH, Porutiu A, Chiciudean GO, et al. Local residents’ attitude toward sustainable rural tourism development. Sustainability (Basel). 2016;8(1):1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su8010100
Hassan TH, Salem AE, Abdelmoaty MA. Impact of rural tourism development on residents’ satisfaction with the local environment, socio-economy and quality of life in Al-Ahsa Region, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022 Apr;19(7):4410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074410
Chang KG, Chien H, Cheng H, Chen H. Chen H i. The impacts of tourism development in rural indigenous destinations: An investigation of the local residents’ perception using choice modeling. Sustainability (Basel). 2018;10(12):4766. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124766
Daskin M, Tiril A, Bozkurt A. Coastal tourism development in Sinop as an emerging rural destination: A preliminary study from the residents’ perspective. Tourism & Management Studies. 2020;16(2):16–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2020.160202
Marzuki A. Resident attitudes towards impacts from tourism development in Langkawi Islands, Malaysia. 2011;12:25–34.
Aref F, Redzuan M, Gill SS. Community perceptions toward economic and environmental impacts of tourism on local communities. Asian Journal of Social Science. 2009;5(7):130–137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v5n7p130
Tatoğlu E, Erdal F, Ozgur H, Azakli S. Resident perceptions of the impact of tourism in a Turkish resort town. First International Joint Symposium on Business Administration - Challenges for Business Administrators in the New Millenium. 1998:745–55.
Petrevska B, Dimitrov N, Terzić A. Rural areas in Macedonia as Tourism Supply: Problem or a challenge? 2019:513–518. https://doi.org/10.18509/GBP.2019.80 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18509/GBP.2019.80
Zhou J. Statistical research on the development of rural tourism economy industry under the background of big data. Mobile Information Systems. 2021;2021:1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9152173
Rubiantoro EA, Haryanto R. Bentuk keterlibatan masyarakat dalam upaya penghijauan pada kawasan hunian padat di kelurahan serengan - Kota Surakarta. Jurnal Pembangunan Wilayah & Kota. 2013;9(4):416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/pwk.v9i4.6679
Happ É, Ivancsó-Horváth Z. Digital tourism is the challenge of future - A new approach to tourism. Knowledge Horizons-Economics. 2018;10:9–16.
Benyon D, Quigley A, O’Keefe B, Riva G. Presence and digital tourism. AI & Society. 2014;29(4):521–529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-013-0493-8
Hoeffler S, Keller KL. The marketing advantages of strong brands. Journal of Brand Management. 2003;10(6):421–445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540139
Dimitrov N, Petrevska B. Challenges for rural tourism development in north Macedonia. Journal of Applied Economics and Business. 2019;7:42–50.
Janusz K, Six S, Vanneste D. Building tourism-resilient communities by incorporating residents’ perceptions? A photo-elicitation study of tourism development in Bruges. Journal of Tourism Futures. 2017;3(2):127–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-04-2017-0011
