Tionghoa and Environmental Conservation: Between Confucianism and Materialism
Abstract
The Bangka Tionghoa are a group of Tionghoa ethnic descendants who were originally brought to Bangka Island to work as tin miners. The initial arrival of this ethnic group was devoted to increasing tin production on Bangka Island. This study aims to examine the relationship between ethnic Tionghoa and efforts to preserve the environment on Bangka Island. The research method used is a qualitative method with an intrinsic case study design. The number of informants in this study amounted to seven, with the technique of selecting informants by purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles Huberman technique, which included data collection, presentation, and interpretation, as well as drawing conclusions. The perspective used is the choice of rationality put forward by James S. Coleman. Coleman argued that in a social system, individuals play an important role in interventions to create social change. There are two main elements in Coleman’s ideas: actors and resources. The results of the study show that the Bangka Tionghoa ethnic group’s efforts to preserve the environment are based on a rational choice to protect natural resources. Resources that will continue to support their economic lives. The choice made by the Bangka Tionghoa ethnic group to preserve the environment was also influenced by the Confucian values passed down from their ancestors. The existence of supporting actors and resources has made the Bangka Tionghoa ethnic group, whose livelihood is mining, participate in efforts to preserve the environment in order to create sustainable economic resources.
Keywords: Confucian values, Tionghoa ethnicity, rational choice
References
[1] Ismi N. “Pentingnya Melindungi Pulau-pulau Kecil di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung,” Mongabay, 2022. https://www.mongabay.co.id/2022/01/18/pentingnya-melindungipulau- pulau-kecil-di-kepulauan-bangka-belitung/
[2] Ibrahim I, Sulista S, Pratama S. Struggling for power over the Bangka coast: tin amongst the vortex of companies, the state, and residents. Extr Ind Soc. 2022;10(March):101055.
[3] Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. “Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Dalam Angka 2021,” Katalog:1102001.19, pp. 1–545, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://babel.bps.go.id
[4] Elvian A. Timah dan Peradaban Bangka. 1st ed. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka; 2021.
[5] Eriyanti F. “Dinamika Posisi Identitas Etnis Tionghoa dalam Tinjauan Teori Identitas Sosial,” Demokrasi, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 23–34, 2006, [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/jd/article/view/1068
[6] Ibrahim I, Hidayat A, Herza H. Habituation of Chinese Subculture amid Bangka Malay Domination: The Role-sharing Politics. The Role-sharing Politics. 2022;10(2):141–56.
[7] Satya B. Melia Seti dan Maftuh, “Strategi Masyarakat Etnis Tionghoa Dan Melayu Bangka Dalam Membangun Interaksi Sosial Untuk Memperkuat Kesatuan Bangsa,”. J. Pendidik. Ilmu Sos. 2016;25(1):110.
[8] Idi A. “Harmoni Sosial: Interaksi Sosial ‘ Natural-Asimilatif ’ antara Etnis Muslim Cina dan Melayu-Bangka,” Thaqafiyyat, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 362–383, 2012, [Online]. Available: http://digilib.uinsby.ac.id/id/eprint/96
[9] Ibrahim I, Rendy R, Sujadmi S, Pratama Saputra P, Febriani L. “ Fan Ngin Tong Ngin Tjit Jong The Assimilation Face of Grassroot of Chinese Ethnic in Bangka Island, Indonesia, ” SHS Web Conf., vol. 76, p. 01013, 2020,
[10] Soekanto S. Sosiologi Suatu Pengantar. 43rd ed. Jakarta: Rajawali Press; 2010.
[11] Ioane B. “Materialism in China-Review of Literature,” Asian J. Bus. Manag., no. October, pp. 2321–2802, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328415607
[12] Tan MG. “The Social and Cultural Dimension of the Role of Ethnic Chinese in Indonesian Society,” Cornell Univ. Southeast Asia Progr., no. Special Issue, pp. 113–125, 1991, [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/1813/54725 https://doi.org/10.2307/3351258.
[13] L. Suryadinata, “Ethnic Chinese as Southeast Asians”.
[14] Adrian DM, Wantu FM, Tome AH. Diskriminasi Rasial Dan Etnis Dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional. J Legis. 2021;14(01):1–17.
[15] Y. Rusfiana, “Potensi Bencana Alam Pasca Penambangan Timah Inkonvensional Di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung : Abstrak Pendahuluan Indonesia merupakan produsen timah terbesar kedua setelah Cina dan Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung merupakan,” J. Konstituen, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 59–76, 2019, [Online]. Available: file:///C:/Users/d/Downloads/312-Article Text-907-1- 10-20190220.pdf
[16] Theo R, Lee F. Kisah, Kultur, dan Tradisi Tionghoa Bangka. 1st ed. Jakarta: Kompas; 2014.
[17] Johnson DP. Teori Sosiologi:Klasik dan Modern Jilid 2, 2nd ed. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia, 1986.
[18] Ritzer G, Goodman DJ. Teori Sosiologi:Dari Teori Sosiologi Klasik Sampai Perkembangan Mutakhir Teori Sosial Postmodern, 4th ed. Bantul-Yogyakarta: Kreasi Wacana, 2004.
[19] N. K. Denzin and Y. S. . Lincoln, Handbook of Qualitative Research, 1st ed., vol. 42, no. 4. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1994. https://doi.org/10.2307/3121684..
[20] Reese CO. Media reviews. Adoption Q. 2000;3(3):101–6.
[21] I. dkk Wekke Suardi, Metode Penelitan Sosial. 2019.
[22] Creswell and J. W. Research design : Pendekatan metode kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan campuran. 3rd ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2014.
[23] Wahyuningsih S. Metode_Penelitian_Studi_Kasus_Konsep,_Teori_Pendekatan_ Psikologi.pdf .”p. 111, 2013.
[24] Creswell JW, David JC. “Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches.” 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.amazon.com.mx/ Research-Design-Qualitative-Quantitative-Approaches/dp/1506386709
[25] D. Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan Tindakan. 2013.
[26] L. Triana, M. A. Fadila, A. U. Utami, A. A. Husien, and S. Sulaeman, “Sikap Ekslusivisme Masyarakat Tionghoa Tangerang terhadap Penguasaan Ekonomi Pasar,” J. Penelit. dan Pengemb. Sains dan Hum., vol. 5, no. 3, p. 370, 2021, https://doi.org/10.23887/jppsh.v5i3.37322.
[27] Husin H, Maharihandono MI. “Adaptasi kelompok etnis tionghoa palembang pada masa depresi ekonomi 1930an,” J. Pendidik. Sej., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 152–161, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://journal.lppmunindra.ac.id/index.php/alursejarah/ article/view/7082
[28] Gondomono G. “Masyarakat dan kebudayaan Cina,” Wacana. Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia. 2015;4(1):34.
[29] Liao J, Wang L. The structure of the Chinese material value scale: an Eastern cultural view. Front Psychol. 2017 Oct;8(OCT):1852.
[30] Ritzer G, Goodman DJ. Teori Sosiologi, 2nd ed., no. Ritzer 2000. Jakarta: PT.Gramedia, 2005.
[31] Bashofi F, Saffanah WM. Pilihan Rasional Mahasiswa Difabel dalam Memilih Jurusan Keguruan di IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. Simulacra. 2019;2(2):149–64.
[32] Karim A. Mengembangkan Kesadaran Melestarikan Lingkungan Hidup Berbasis Humanisme Pendidikan Agama. Edukasia J. Penelit. Pendidik. Islam. 2018;12(2):309.