Parenting Styles Adopted in Primary Schools for Online and Hybrid Learning: Types and Effects

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the parenting styles adopted by parents for online or hybrid learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact thereof. A qualitative approach was used to describe the types of parenting and their impact. Data were obtained through literature review on related topics. It was found that the dominant parenting style adopted by parents for online or hybrid learning during the COVID-19 pandemic was democratic parenting. This form of parenting includes: (1) parents accompanying children while doing assignments; (2) doing activities together while at home; and (3) guiding and motivating children.


Keywords: parenting styles, hybrid learning, online learning, COVID-19 pandemic

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