Challenges of Implementing an Electronic-Based Government System in Local Governments
Abstract
Digital transformation is a necessity not an option. Local government is encouraged to develop information technology that generates applications to help overcome the problems of society as part of digital transformation. However, since the release of the presidential decree No. 95/2018, there are still many problems in the application of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE). This paper focused on identifying the challenges faced by local governments in implementing SPBE. Qualitative research methods were used. Data were collected through interviews with informants in the local government of Wonogiri and by document analysis. The results indicated that there are still many challenges in implementing SPBE in terms of structure, infrastructure and superstructure. The challenges included regional topography, facilities, infrastructure, human resources, digitization and policies. The most important factor was the existence of regional policies related to the smart city masterplan that supported the digitization of activities that make it easier for the society so that people feel comfortable, safe, and prosperous.
Keywords: electronic-based government system, local government, challenge
References
[1] Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reforms. Monitoring dan evaluasi SPBE. Jakarta, Indonesia; Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reforms; 2020.
[2] Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education. Laporan indeks daya saing daerah tahun 2020. Jakarta, Indonesia; 2020. Available from: https://indeksinovasi.brin.go.id/upload/cms/informasi_23_1616064023.pdf
[3] Hanum Y. Keterkaitan nilai indeks sistem pemerintahan berbasis elektronik dengan pendapatan asli daerah. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis. 2020;25(2):136–142. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35760/eb.2020.v25i2.2596
[4] Choucri N. Global e-readiness: For what? E-business a research and education initiative at the MIT Sloan School of Management. Paper presented at: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Digital Conference; 2003 Apr 11-13; Cambridge, United States.
[5] Nugroho RA, Purbokusumo Y. E-government readiness: Assessment of the readiness of main actor for e-government implementation in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan & Teknologi Komunikasi. 2020;22(1):7-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33164/iptekkom.22.1.2020.1-17
[6] Adjei-Bamfo P, Domfeh KA, Bawole JN et al. An e-government framework for assessing readiness for public sector e-procurement in a lower-middle income country. Information Technology for Development. 2020;26(4):742–761. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2020.1769542
[7] Gerald C. Kane, Doug Palmer, Anh Nguyen Phillips, David Kiron, And Natasha Buckley. Aligning the organization for its digital future. Sloan Review; July 26, 2016. Available from: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/digital2016
[8] Mazzone,Dominic. Digital or death: Digital transformation: The only choice for business to survive. Kanada, Smashbox Consulting; November 3, 2014. Available from: http://www.smashboxconsulting.com
[9] Nadeem, Ayesha; Abedin, Babak; Cerpa, Narciso; & Chew, Eng. Editorial: Digital transformation & digital business strategy in electronic commerce—The role of organizational capabilities. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research. 2018;13(2):1- 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-18762018000200101
[10] Vickers F, Zes D, Moreno J et al. Leaders for a digital transformation. Korn Ferry Institute; August 16, 2016. Available from: https://www.kornferry.com/content/dam/kornferry/docs/article-migration/Korn-FerryInstitute_Leaders-for-a-digital-transformation-v2.pdf
[11] Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi. Tentang SPBE. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur dan Reformasi Birokrasi; 2021. Available from: https://spbe.go.id/tentang#:∼:text=SPBE%20merupakan%20singkatan %20dari%20Sistem,memberikan%20layanan%20kepada%20Pengguna%20SPBE
[12] Microsave Consulting. Digital governance: Ideas and lessons from India. India: Microsave consulting;May 6, 2020. Available from: https://www.microsave.net
[13] OECD. Digital government review of Brazil: Towards the digital transformation of the public sector. Paris: OECD; 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307636-en
[14] OECD. Recommendation of the council on digital government strategies. Paris: OECD; 2014. Available from: https://www.oecd.org/gov/digitalgovernment/Recommendation-digital-governmentstrategies.pdf
[15] Musa, Mohammed Raji. E-readiness assessment tool for local authorities: A pilot application to Iraq. The American University in Cairo, School of Global Affairs and Public Policy; 2010. Available from: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/ download?doi=10.1.1.1020.4816&rep=rep1&type=pdf
[16] Nugroho RA. Analysis of the e-readiness model for the implementation of egovernment. Masyarakat Telematika Dan Informasi: Jurnal Penelitian Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi. 2020;11(1):55-65. https://doi.org/10.17933/mti.v11i1.171
[17] Erkut B. From digital government to digital governance: Are we there yet? Sustainability. 2020;12(3):854-860. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030860
[18] Kuldosheva G. Challenges and opportunities of digital transformation in the public sector in transition economies: Examination of the case of Uzbekistan. Journal Digital Reform. 2021;3(4):45-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.1769544
[19] Creswell JW. Research design: Pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan mixed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2010.
[20] Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reforms. Hasil evaluasi SPBE tahun 2019 pemerintah kabupaten wonogiri. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur dan Reformasi Birokrasi; 2020. Available from: https://spbe.go.id/moneval/
[21] Doni. SPBE 2020 meningkat, pemerintah tidak berpuas diri. Ministry of Communication and Informatics; February 1, 2021 . Available from: https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/32478/indeks-spbe-2020-meningkatpemerintah-tidak-berpuas-diri/0/berita