Computerized Neuropsychological Assessment in 6–9 Years-old Children

Abstract

The article presents a new computer-based test battery of neuropsychological assessment in 6–9-year-old children. The battery consists of seven tests for assessing executive functions, functions of activation regulation, functions of visual-spatial information and auditory information processing. The following tests are described
in the article: the Dots task, two-colored Schulte–Gorbov tables, Corsi block span test and Understanding of Similar Sounding Words test. The battery is developed in the software platform ‘MSU-Practice’ (http://psychosoft.ru). The system allows researchers to conduct the tests, collect data and analyze them. In addition, it includes cloud service to support the collaboration of different research groups. A total of 21 preschoolers, 52 first-graders and 114 second-graders took part in a pilot study. All three groups of children took the four computer tests and went through a neuropsychological assessment adapted for children between the ages of 5 and 9. The correlation analysis showed consistency between the results of the computer
tests and the results of the neuropsychological assessments. This allowed us to conclude that the new computer methodology is sufficiently sensible and valid to assess different components of higher mental functions in children.



Keywords: neuropsychology, higher mental functions, primary school children, cognitive functions, computer-based tests

References
[1] Luria, A. R. (1969/1980). Higher Cortical Functions in Man. New York, NY: Basic Book.


[2] Akhutina, T. V., Korneev, A. A., Matveeva, E. Iu., et al. (2016). Metody neiropsikhologicheskogo obsledovaniia detei 6-9 let [Methods of neuropsychological examination of children 6 years old]. Moskva: V. Sekachev.


[3] Glozman, Zh. M., Potanina, A. Iu., and Soboleva, A. E. (2006). Neiropsikhologicheskaia diagnostika v doshkolnom vozraste [Neuropsychological diagnostics in preschool age]. Sankt-Peterburg: Piter.


[4] Kornev, A. N. (1997). Primenenie neiropsikhologicheskikh metodov issledovaniia u detei [The application of neuropsychological methods in children], in L. I. Vasserman, S. A. Dorofeeva, and Ia. A. Meerson (eds.) Metody neiropsikhologicheskoi diagnostiki [Methods of Neuropsychological Diagnostics], pp. 232–274. SPb.: Stroilespechat.


[5] Tsvetkova, L. S. (1997). Metodika diagnosticheskogo neiropsikhologicheskogo obsledovaniia detei [Methods of Neuropsychological Assessment of Children]. Moskva: Rosiiskoe pedagogicheskoe agentstvo.


[6] Lukashevich, I. P., Shklovskii, V. M., Dmitrova, E. D., et al. (2006). Strukturnyi podkhod pri sozdanii obuchaiushche-diagnosticheskoi sistemy v neiropsikhologii [Structural approach to the development of a training and diagnostic system in neuropsychology], in Sovremennye printsipy terapii i reabilitatsii psikhicheski bolnykh [Modern Principles of Therapy and Rehabilitation of Mentally Ill Patients], pp. 271–272. Moskva: Medpraktika-M.


[7] Tramontana, M. G. and Hooper, S. R. (1988). Child neuropsychological assessment, in Assessment Issues in Child Neuropsychology, pp. 3–38). Boston, MA: Springer.


[8] Akhutina T.V. and Tsvetkova L. S. (1983). Comments on a standardized version of Luria’s tests. Brain and Cognition, vol. 2, pp. 129–134.


[9] Glozman, J. M., Levin, O. S., and Tupper, D. (2005). Executive behavior after cortical and subcortical brain damage, in Luria and Contemporary Psychology: Festschrift Celebrating the Centennial of the Birth of Luria, pp. 65–76. Hauppauge, NY, US: New Science Publishers.


[10] Bauer, R. M., Iverson, G. L., Cernich, A. N., et al. (2012). Computerized neuropsychological assessment devices: Joint position paper of the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology and the National Academy of Neuropsychology. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 362–373.


[11] Schatz, P. (2017). Computer-based Assessment: Current status and next steps, in R. Kane and T. Parsons (eds.) The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology, pp. 27–26. Oxford: Oxford University Press.


[12] Lundqvist, A., Grundström, K., Samuelsson, K., et al. (2010). Computerized training of working memory in a group of patients suffering from acquired brain injury. Brain Injury, vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 1173–1183.


[13] Green, P. (2001). Why clinicians often disagree about the validity of test results. NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 231–236.


[14] Canini, M., Battista, P., Della Rosa, P. A., et al. (2014). Computerized neuropsychological assessment in aging: Testing efficacy and clinical ecology of different interfaces. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, vol. 2014, Article ID 804723, p. 13.


[15] Diamond, A., Barnett, W. S., Thomas, J., et al. (2007). Preschool program improves cognitive control. Science, vol. 318, pp. 1387–1388.


[16] Tsvetkova, L. S., Akhutina, T. V., and Pylaeva, N. M. (1981). Metodika otsenki rechi pri afazii [Methods of Speech Assessment in Aphasia]. Moskva: MGU.