Comparison Test Between Amrita Virtual Lab and Real Spectrometer on Refractive Index Using Blended Laboratory

Abstract

Education in the 21st century is an era where learning is unconventional. Interactive learning in the 21st century can be done by conducting virtual or real laboratory activities, even by combining the two in one activity at once. Various innovations in virtual laboratories have spread to optical materials, especially refraction by using a virtual spectrometer. Conceptually, the refractive index is a measure of the bending ray of a light beam as it passes from one medium to another. The refractive index is given by measurement between the refractive index of air, the angle of the prism, and the angle of minimum deviation. The angle of the prism and the angle of minimum deviation can be measured with a spectrometer. The spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to separate and measure the spectral components of physical phenomena and can separate white light and measure individual narrow color bands. Other than an on-hand spectrometer, other tools that we can use to measure the angle of minimum deviation are by using a virtual spectrometer provided by several virtual labs. The study aimed to compare the result of refractive index between on on-hand spectrometer and a virtual lab. Here we report our study on spectrometer whether the virtual lab experiment yields the same results as the real lab. We compare both results of experimental data using data and graph analytics. The results of the study show that the difference in the index of refraction measured between the virtual lab and the real lab is about 0.2%. This shows that there is no significant difference between virtual lab and real lab.


Keywords: amrita virtual lab, real spectrometer, refractive index, blended laboratory

References
[1] Nanto D, Agustina RD, Ramadhanti I, Putra RP, Mulhayatiah D. “The usefulness of LabXChange virtual lab and PhyPhox real lab on pendulum student practicum during pandemic.,” In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. pp. 12047. IOP Publishing (2022). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2157/1/012047.

[2] Rutten N, Van Joolingen WR, Van Der Veen JT. The learning effects of computer simulations in science education. Comput Educ. 2012;58(1):136–53.

[3] G. Asiksoy and D. Islek, “The impact of the virtual laboratory on students’ attitudes in a general physics laboratory.,.” International Journal of Online Engineering. vol. 13, no. 4, p. 2017.

[4] Achuthan K, Sreelatha KS, Surendran S, et al. “The VALUE@ Amrita Virtual Labs Project: Using web technology to provide virtual laboratory access to students.,” In: 2011 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference. pp. 117–121. IEEE (2011).

[5] Röntgen WC. On a new kind of rays. Science. 1896 Feb;3(59):227–31.

[6] Srisawasdi N, Kroothkeaw S. Supporting students’ conceptual development of light refraction by simulation-based open inquiry with dual-situated learning model. Journal of Computers in Education. 2014;1(1):49–79.

[7] Espinoza F. “Refraction.,” In: wave motion as inquiry. pp. 75–101. Springer (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45758-1_4.

[8] Bass JD, Weidner DJ. Method for measuring the refractive index of transparent solids. Rev Sci Instrum. 1984;55(10):1569–73.

[9] Richardson JH. “Refractometry.,” In: Systematic Materials Analysis. pp. 143–157. Elsevier (1974). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-587802-9.50013-1.

[10] Singh S. Refractive index measurement and its applications. Phys Scr. 2002;65(2):167–80.

[11] Land MF. The evolution of lenses. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2012 Nov;32(6):449–60.

[12] Pendry JB. Negative refraction makes a perfect lens. Phys Rev Lett. 2000 Oct;85(18):3966–9.

[13] Garini Y, Young IT, McNamara G. Spectral imaging: principles and applications. Cytometry A. 2006 Aug;69(8):735–47.

[14] J.L. Moreno, Sociometry, experimental method and the science of society. Lulu. com, 1951.

[15] Patzer GL. Experiment-research methodology in marketing: types and applications. Greenwood Publishing Group; 1996.

[16] Thormählen I, Straub J, Grigull U. Refractive index of water and its dependence on wavelength, temperature, and density. J Phys Chem Ref Data. 1985;14(4):933–45.

[17] Schiebener P, Straub J, Levelt Sengers JM, Gallagher JS. Refractive index of water and steam as function of wavelength, temperature and density. J Phys Chem Ref Data. 1990;19(3):677–717.

[18] Putra RP, Silvianti N, Idris SF, Nabilla N. Uji perbandingan virtual lab dengan real lab pada hukum archimedes. Radiasi : Jurnal Berkala Pendidikan Fisika. 2021;14(1):23– 33.

[19] Mukhlis MA, Lesmono AD, Nuraini L. Analisis hubungan indeks bias dan intensitas cahaya pada berbagai fluida. Jurnal Pembelajaran Fisika. 2021;10(4):150–5.

[20] Dalgarno B, Bishop AG, Adlong W, Bedgood DR Jr. Effectiveness of a virtual laboratory as a preparatory resource for Distance Education chemistry students. Comput Educ. 2009;53(3):853–65.

[21] I.N. Sugiana, A. Harjono, H. Sahidu, and G. Gunawan, “Pengaruh model pembelajaran generatif berbantuan media laboratorium virtual terhadap penguasaan konsep fisika siswa pada materi momentum dan impuls.,” Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi. vol. 2, no. 2, p. 61, 2017. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpft.v2i2.290.

[22] L.N. Safitri, Fahrudin, and Jumadi, “Comparison of students science process skills after using learning an experimental and virtual laboratory on Archimedes Laws.,”. J Phys Conf Ser. 2020;1440(1):3–7.