Analysis of Macroalgae Diversity in the West Coastal of Pananjung Beach, Pangandaran
Abstract
The needed information about the diversity data in the area that can be used in ecological areas in the future is requested to be investigated. This study aims to analyze the diversity of macroalgae on the west coast of Pananjung beach, Pangandaran nature reserve. The study was conducted from March to April 2020. This research used a survey method using three stations representing the research region. Sampling was taken out in the intertidal zone of the Coastal Coast of West Pananjung, Pangandaran nature reserve, West Java using the purposive sampling method. Data taken consisted of macroalgae types found at each observation station and measurements of environmental data consisting of pH, temperature, salinity, and flow velocity. The results showed that there were 21 species of macroalgae grouped into 9 orders, 13 families, and 3 divisions. The research can conclude that macroalgae in Pananjung Barat Beach Pangandaran have an index value that indicates a moderate category, an evenness index classified as a low category, and a dominance index classified as a low category that shows the dominant species was there and it was Padina australis.
Keywords: macroalgae diversity, west coastal, Pananjung beach.
References
[1] Handayani T. Asesmen rumput laut potensial penghasil fikokoloid untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku industri. Mar Res Indones. 2011;3(1):1–14.
[2] Pribadi TD, Nurdiana R, Rosada KK. Asosiasi makroalga dengan gastropoda pada zona intertidal pantai pananjung pangandaran. Jurnal Biodjati. 2017;2(2):107.
[3] dan S. Suparmi and A., “Mengenal potensi rumput laut: kajian pemanfaatan sumber daya rumput laut dari aspek industri dan kesehatan.,”. Gema Pustakawan. 2009;44(1):95–116.
[4] Kepel M, Mantiri DM, Nasprianto. The biodiversity of macroalgae in the coastal waters of Tongkaina, Manado City. Jurnal Ilmiah Platax. 2018;6(1):160–73.
[5] El Gamal AA. Biological importance of marine algae. Saudi Pharm J. 2010 Jan;18(1):1– 25.
[6] Erlania E, Radiarta IN, Haryadi J, Johan O. Kondisi rumput laut alam di perairan pantai Ujung Genteng, Sukabumi dan Labuhanbua, Sumbawa: potensi karbon biru dan pengembangan budidaya. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur. 2015;10(2):293.
[7] Ghazali M, Mardiana M, Menip M, Bangun B. Jenis-jenis makroalga epifit pada budidaya (Kappaphycus alvarezii) di perairan teluk Gerupuk Lombok Tengah. Jurnal Biologi Tropis. 2018;18(2):208–15.
[8] Aripin, “Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Alga,” (2016).
[9] Feng Z, Zhang T, Wang J, Huang W, Wang R, Xu J, et al. Spatio-temporal features of microplastics pollution in macroalgae growing in an important mariculture area, China. Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jun;719:137490.
[10] Leandro A, Pereira L, Gonçalves AM. Diverse aplication of marine macroalgae. Mar Drugs. 2019 Dec;18(1):120–35.
[11] Commision GE. Study of Seaweed Diversity. India: Government of Gujarat; 2015.
[12] Museum NH. Big Seaweed. London: Natural History Museum; 2016.
[13] Guiry MD, Guiry GM. Acanthophora muscoides, Codium fragile, Padina australis, Halimeda opuntia, Ulva fasciata. AlgaeBase; 2019.
[14] Krebs CZ. Ecology: The Experimental Analyzis of Distribution and Abundance. New York: Harper and Row Publisher; 1989.
[15] Niamaimandi N, Bahmyari Z, Sheykhsagha N, Kouhgardi E, Vaghei RG. “Species diversity and biomass of macroalgae in different seasons in the northern part of the Persian Gulf.,” In: Regional Studies in Marine Science. pp. 15,26–30 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2017.07.001.
[16] Naidu MT, Kumar OA. Tree diversity, stand structure, and community composition of tropical forests in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India. J Asia-Pac Biodivers. 2016;9(3):328–34.
[17] Johnston EL, Roberts DA. Contaminants reduce the richness and evenness of marine communities: a review and meta-analysis. Environ Pollut. 2009 Jun;157(6):1745–52.
[18] Somerfield PJ, Clarke KR, Warwick RM. “Simpson Index.,” In: Encyclopedia of Ecology. pp. 3252–3255. Elsevier (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008045405- 4.00133-6.
[19] Ira I. Struktur komunitas makro alga di perairan desa Mata Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Biologi Tropis. 2018;18(1):45–56.
[20] S. dan K.N. Dhar, “Measurment for divesity indices of algal community in different ponds in coal mining City Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.,”. IJEAS. 2017;4(1):47–54.
[21] Strong W. Biased richness and evenness relationships within Shannon–Wiener index values. Ecol Indic. 2016;67(2):703–13.
[22] Nahlunisa H, Zuhud E, Santosa Y. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di areal Nilai Konservasi Tinggi (NKT) Riau. Media Konservasi. 2016;21(1):91–8.
[23] Ji Y, Xu Z, Zou D, Gao K. Ecophysiological responses of marine macroalgae to climate change factors. J Appl Phycol. 2016;28(5):2953–67.
[24] Rybak AS. Species of Ulva (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) as indicators of salinity. Ecol Indic. 2018;85(2):253–61.
[25] Papalia S. “The studies of seaweed biodiversity and diversity in Baguala Buy, Mollucas Province.,” Ambon. vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 122–133, 2013.
[26] Sabri H, Cherifi O. A. Maarouf., and M.B. dan L.M. M.Cheggour., “Wastewater Impact on Macroalgae Biodiversity in Essaouira Coast (Morocco.,”. JMES. 2017;8(3):875– 862.
[27] R. Dwimayasanti and D. Kurnianto, “Komunitas makroalga di perairan Tayando-Tam, Maluku Tenggara.,” Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia. vol. 3, no. 1, p. 39, 2018. https://doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2018.v3i1.82.
[28] La Valle F, Thomas F, Nelson C. Macroalgal biomass, growth rates, and diversity are influenced by submarine groundwater discharge and local hydrodynamics in tropical reefs. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 2019;621(1):51–67.
[29] Ho M, Carpenter RC. Differential growth responses to water flow and reduced pH in tropical marine macroalgae. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol. 2017;491(1):58–65.
[30] Odum EP. Fundamental of Ecology. Philadelphia: Sounders Company; 1971.
[31] Liu H. L. Xuemei, Jiang, and Aili, “Seasonal changes of macroalgal composition, biomass and assemblage diversity in the rocky intertidals of Zhifu Tombolo, China.,”. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci. 2017;46(6):1091–7.
[32] Scrosati R, Heaven C. Spatial trends in community richness, diversity, and evenness across rocky intertidal environmental stress gradients in eastern Canada. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 2007;342(1):1–14.
[33] Ehsani E, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Kerckhof FM, Props R, Vilchez-Vargas R, Vital M, et al. Initial evenness determines diversity and cell density dynamics in synthetic microbial ecosystems. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan;8(1):340.
[34] W.P.M. Meriam, R.C. Kepel, and Lumingas, “Inventarisasi makroalga di perairan pesisir Pulau Mantehage Kecamatan Wori, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara.,”. Jurnal Ilmiah Platax. 2016;4(2):84–108.
[35] Baweja P, Kumar S, Sahoo D, Levine I. Biology of seaweeds. Seaweed in Health and Disease Prevention. Elsevier; 2016. pp. 41–106.
[36] Dawes C. Macroalgae systematics. Seaweed in health and disease prevention. Elsevier; 2016. pp. 107–48.
[37] Kadi A. Potensi rumput laut di beberapa perairan pantai Indonesia. Oseana. 2004;29(4):36.