The Occurrence of CSN1S1 E Allele on Saanen Goat Population at BBPTU-HPT Baturraden
Abstract
The CSN1S1 gene is expressed as the milk alpha S1 casein which is valuable for cheese making. Allele E is a mutation of this gene, which is correlated with low quantity of expressed protein. This study aimed to identify the occurrence of CSN1S1 E allele on the Saanen population at BBPTU-HPT Baturraden. Blood samples of 45 does were drawn, followed by DNA isolation using the column spin method. The identification of E allele was carried out by Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reactions (AS-PCR) with forward primer 5-TCAGGAGCAGTGGGTATGTG-3 and reverse 5-CCTCCCAATGGAATAATGACA-3. Allele E was found as heterozygote genotype with non-E allele in 28 out of 45 samples. This means that F allele frequency was 0.31 and 0.6 for non-E allele. There was no significant difference of milk protein in both groups. In summary, E allele was found in the Saanen goat population in BBPTU HPT Baturraden with no effect on milk protein production.
Keywords: Saanen, CSN1S1, milk, goats, protein.
References
[1] Cecchinato A, Chessa S, Ribeca C, Cipolat-Gotet C, Bobbo T, Casellas J, et al. Genetic variation and effects of candidate-gene polymorphisms on coagulation properties, curd firmness modeling and acidity in milk from Brown Swiss cows. Animal. 2015;9(7):1104–12.
[2] Widodo HS, Murti TW, Agus A, Widodo W. Mengidentifikasi Peptida Bioaktif Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-inhibitor (ACEi) dari Kasein β Susu Kambing dengan Polimorfismenya Melalui Teknik In Silico. J Apl Teknol Pangan. 2019;7(4):180–5.
[3] Vázquez-Flores F, Montaldo HH, Torres-Vázquez JA, Alonso-Morales RA, GayossoVázquez A, Valencia-Posadas M, et al. Additive and dominance effects of the α(s1)-casein locus on milk yield and composition traits in dairy goats. J Dairy Res. 2012;79(3):367–74.
[4] Inglingstad RA, Eknæs M, Brunborg L, Mestawet T, Devold TG, Vegarud GE, et al. Norwegian goat milk composition and cheese quality: the influence of lipid supplemented concentrate and lactation stage. Int Dairy J. 2016;56:13–21.
[5] Yahyaoui MH, Angiolillo A, Pilla F, Sanchez A, Folch JM. Characterization and genotyping of the caprine κ-casein variants. J Dairy Sci. 2003;86(8):2715–20.
[6] Caravaca F, Carrizosa J, Urrutia B, Baena F, Jordana J, Amills M, et al. Effect of αS1- casein (CSN1S1) and κ-casein (CSN3) genotypes on milk composition in MurcianoGranadina goats. J Dairy Sci. 2009;92(6):2960–4.
[7] Dettori ML, Vacca GM, Carcangiu V, Pazzola M, Mura MC, Rocchigiani AM. A reliable method for characterization of the goat CSN1S1 E allele. Livest Sci. 2009;125(1):105–8.
[8] Li JM, Hsieh SY, Horng YM, Wu CP. Genotyping of the CSN1S1 locus in Taiwan dairy goats using PCR-RFLP and AS-PCR. Int. J Dairy Sci. 2017;12:41–6.
[9] Mestawet TA, Girma A, Adnøy T, Devold TG, Vegarud GE. Newly identified mutations at the CSN1S1 gene in Ethiopian goats affect casein content and coagulation properties of their milk. J Dairy Sci. 2013;96(8):4857–69.
[10] Sztankóová Z, Mátlová V, Malá G. Genetic polymorphism at the CSN1S1 gene in two Czech goat breeds. Czech J Anim Sci. 2007;52(7):199–202
[11] Bonfatti V, Giantin M, Gervaso M, Coletta A, Dacasto M, Carnier P. Effect of CSN1S1-CSN3 (α(S1)-κ-casein) composite genotype on milk production traits and milk coagulation properties in Mediterranean water buffalo. J Dairy Sci. 2012;95(6):3435– 43.
[12] Ramunno L, Cosenza G, Rando A, Pauciullo A, Illario R, Gallo D, et al. Comparative analysis of gene sequence of goat CSN1S1 F and N alleles and characterization of CSN1S1 transcript variants in mammary gland. Gene. 2005;345(2):289–99.
[13] Remeuf F. Influence du polymorphisme génétique de la caséine α s1 caprine sur les caractéristiques physico-chimiques et technologiques du lait. Lait. 1993;73(5- 6):549–57.
[14] Glantz M, Devold TG, Vegarud GE, Lindmark Månsson H, Stålhammar H, Paulsson M. Importance of casein micelle size and milk composition for milk gelation. J Dairy Sci. 2010;93(4):1444–51.
[15] Freitas DR, Souza FN, Oliveira JS, Ferreira DS, Ladeira CVG, Pinho Cerqueira MMO Association of casein micelle size and enzymatic curd strength and dry matter curd yield. Cienc. Rural. 2019;49(3).
[16] Bijl E, de Vries R, van Valenberg H, Huppertz T, van Hooijdonk T. Factors influencing casein micelle size in milk of individual cows: genetic variants and glycosylation of κ-casein. Int Dairy J. 2014;34(1):135–41.