Factors Related to Anxiety in Pregnant Mothers During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Puskesmas Purwokerto Timur 1
Abstract
Covid-19 is an acute respiratory tract disorder caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pregnant women are vulnerable to health problems, especially infectious diseases such as Covid-19. The increased risk during pregnancy can lead to a number of problems, including increased anxiety. The aim for this study was to determine the factors related to the level of anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was a quantitative study with an analytical observational research design and a cross-sectional approach. The population was pregnant women who had their pregnancy checked at Puskesmas Purwokerto Timur 1. The sample was taken using an accidental sampling technique with a total of 79 respondents. Anxiety was measured using the Zung-Self Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) and the data were then analyzed using the Chi-square test. 19.0% of pregnant women did not experience anxiety, 67.1% experienced mild anxiety, and 13.9% experienced moderate anxiety. Of the five variables studied, all showed a significant relationship with the level of anxiety, namely age (p = 0.029), education (p = 0.022), occupation (p = 0.017), income (p = 0.020), and coping responses (p = 0.035).
Keywords: Covid-19, pregnancy, anxiety
References
[1] Rohmah MK, Nurdianto AR. 476-Transcripts-1654-1-10-20200831. 2020;7:329–336.
[2] World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 situation report – 93. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
[3] Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia. Update on coronavirus disease (COVID- 19). 2020.
[4] Dinas Kesehatan Jawa Tengah. Covid-19 in central Java. 2021. Available from: http://covid19.banyumaskab.go.id/
[5] Tantona MD. Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional. 2019;1:89–94.
[6] Siregar RN, Aritonang J, Anita S. Understanding pregnant mothers about preventing Covid-19 infection effort during pregnancy. 2020;6:798–805.
[7] Yue C, Liu C, Wang J, et al. Association between social support and anxiety among pregnant women in the third trimester during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) epidemic in Qingdao, China: The mediating effect of risk perception. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2020. DOI: 10.1177/0020764020941567
[8] Kajdy A, Feduniw S, Ajdacka U, et al. Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Medicine (Baltimore). 99.
[9] Rinata E, Andayani GA. Maternal characteristics (age, parity, education) and family support with anxiety in third trimester pregnant women. Medisains. 2018;16:14.
[10] Handayani FP, Fourianalistyawati E. Depression and spiritual welfare in high risk pregnant women depression and spiritual well-being in high risk pregnant women. Psikologis Teor Dan Terap. 2018;8:145–153.
[11] Dewi ADC, Nurbaiti M, Surahmat R, et al. Anxiety among pregnant woman during Covid-19 pandemic in RSUD ibnu sutowo baturaja. Jurnal Smart Keperawatan. 2021;8:64–69.
[12] Suyani S. Correlation between education and Work status with anxiety among pregnant woman on third trimester. JKM ( Jurnal Kesehat Masyarakat) Cendekia Utama. 2020;8:19–28.
[13] Hafid A, Hasrul H. The relationship between the events of the Covid-19 pandemic and the anxiety of third trimester pregnant women. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah. 6.
[14] Nurhasanah I. Factors affecting anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic: Literature review. Jurnal Bidan Komunitas. 2021;4:25–30.
[15] Sut HK, Kucukkaya B. Anxiety, depression, and related factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A web-based cross-sectional study. Perspect Psychiatry Care.
[16] Pane JP, Saragih H, Sinaga A, et al. Anxiety among third trimester pregnant woman facing the birth. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa. 2021;4:461–468.
[17] Fajriyani, F. Anxiety and its related factor among pregnant woman in Gresik. Airlangga University; 2017.
[18] Moyer CA, Compton SD, Kaselitz E, et al. Pregnancy-related anxiety during COVID-19: A nationwide survey of 2740 pregnant women. Archives of Women’s Mental Health. 2020;23:757–765.
[19] Prasetyo. The relationship between anxiety levels and maternal coping mechanisms in dealing with labor in third trimester primigravida mothers in the working area of the Kencong Public Health Center, Jember. Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember; 2018.