Variables Affecting ZNT Implementation in Communities Semarang City

Abstract

The Land and Building Tax Imposition Base (NJOP) is used to determine the basis for Land and Building Taxes. But in reality, NJOP sometimes does not match fair market values. By land valuation experts, a method was formed which approached real land prices, namely the Land Value Zone (ZNT). ZNT in its application and development raises diverse responses. For that, we need to study variables affecting the implementation of ZNT in the community. Therefore, the city of Semarang is considered suitable for case studies on the implementation of ZNT because it is the center of economic activity in Central Java Province. This research is expected to provide benefits regarding the implementation of ZNT as a method to determine the amount of NJOP. The level of acceptance of ZNT implementation in society is measured by 10 variables. The data in this study were obtained using a questionnaire sampling to community. Questionnaire results are then analyzed so as to help further explain statistical results that have been obtained. Facts on the ground show that the people of Semarang City feel the ease and accuracy as well as the fair transparency of market prices for land in ZNT. The analysis results that have been found, there are 3 variables that most influence, namely politics, communication with the parties concerned, and socialization of ZNT. Those improvements are needed on the internal and external factors of the ZNT method and coordination, communication and cooperation between the government and the community.

References
[1] Rudiarto, I., et al. (2013). Zona Peri-Urban Semarang Metropolitan: Perkembangan dan Tipologi Sosial Ekonomi. Jurnal Tata Loka, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 116–128.

[2] Boué, C. and Jean P. C. (2018). Land certification as a substitute or complement to local procedures? Securing rural land transactions in the Malagasy highlands. Elsevier-Land Use Policy. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.12.049

Diakses pada tanggal 19 Agustus 2018.

[3] Du et al. 2016. Land pricing and its impact on land use efficiency in post-land-reform China: A case study of Beijing. Cities, 50, 68–74. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.08.014. Diakses pada tanggal 1 October 2018.

[4] Suyanto, A. (2006). Kajian Perkembangan Kawasan Tawang Mas Ditinjau Dari Aspek Tata Ruang. Master’s Thesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Magister Pembangunan Wilayah Dan Kota Universitas Diponegoro.

[5] Kaza, N. & Todd K. BenDor. 2013. The Land Value Impacts Of Wetland Restoration. Elsevier- Journal of Environmental Management. 127 (2013) 289–299. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013. 04.047. Diakses pada tanggal 20 July 2018.

[6] Silveira, P. & Dentinho, T. 2017. A spatial interaction model with land use and land value. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.08.023. Diakses pada tanggal 10 January 2019.

[7] Creswell, J. (2009). Research Design Pendekatan Penelitian Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Mixed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

[8] Kaiser, E. J. and Godschalk, D.R. (1995). Twentieth Century Land Use Planning: A Stalwart Family Tree. Journal of the American Planning Association, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 365–385.

[9] Wineman, Ayala & L.S. Liverpool-Tasie. 2017. ”Land markets and the distribution of land in northwestern Tanzania”. Science Direct (Elsevier-Land Use Policy) 69, 550–563. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.landusepol.2017.09.043. Diakses pada tanggal 19 August 2018.

[10] Choumert, J. & P. Phélinas. 2015. Determinants of agricultural land values in Argentina. Ecological Economics, 110, 134–140. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.12.024. Diakses pada tanggal 18 August 2018.

[11] Situmorang, S. A., et al. (2015). Pembuatan Peta Zona Nilai Tanah Berdasarkan Harga Pasar Untuk Menentukan Nilai Jual Objek Pajak Di Kecamatan Gajah Mungkur Kota Semarang. Jurnal Geodesi Undip, vol.4, no. 4, pp. 91–98.

[12] Zhou, J., et al. (2008). Land values and the 1957 comprehensive amendment to the Chicago zoning ordinance. Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 1647–1661.

[13] Rachmawati, F., et al. (2013). Analisis Perubahan Nilai Tanah Akibat Aktivitas Penambangan Batu Kapur Di Kecamatan Gunem Kabupaten Rembang. Jurnal Geodesi Undip, vol. 2, no. 2.

[14] Creswell, J. (2009). Research Design Pendekatan Penelitian Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Mixed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

[15] Fachrozy, A. P., et al. (2016). Sistem Informasi Geografi Pemetaan Zona Nilai Tanah Kota Samarinda Menggunakan Framework Pmapper. Prosiding Seminar Sains dan Teknologi FMIPA Unmul, vol. 1, no. 1.

[16] Dj, W. N. M. and Cahyono, A. D. (2016). Perancangan Sistem Informasi Geografis Zona Nilai Tanah Berbasis Web Menggunakan Leaflet Javascript Library (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Kenjeran, Kecamatan Gubeng, Kecamatan Tambak Sari dan Kecamatan Bulak, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur). Jurnal Teknik ITS, vol. 5, no. 2.

[17] Kusumawardhani, R., et al. (2016). Kajian Nilai Tanah Berdasarkan Harga Pasar Menggunakan Metode Regresi Linear Berganda. Jurnal Teknik ITS, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 2–5.

[18] Purnamasari, G. D. (2011). Pembuatan Peta Zona Nilai Tanah Kecamatan Kraton Yogyakarta. Tugas Akhir tidak diterbitkan. Program Studi Teknik Geodesi, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

[19] Sihombing, S., et al. (2018). Analisis Perubahan Nilai Tanah Akibat Perkembangan Fisik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Tembalang). Jurnal Geodesi Undip, vol. 7, no. 3.

[20] Saputro, W. E., et al. (2016). Pembuatan Peta Zona Nilai Tanah Untuk Menentukan Nilai Indikasi Rata-Rata (Nir) Harga Pasar Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis Di Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang (Studi Kasus:Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang). Jurnal Geodesi Undip, vol. 5, no. 1.

[21] Ramot, David. 2017. Pembuatan Peta Zona Nilai Tanah Dengan Bantuan Citra Satelit Quickbird (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Regol Kota Bandung). Perpustakaan Digital ITB. Available at: http://digilib.itb.ac.id/ gdl.php?mod=browse&op=read&id=jbptitbpp-gdl-davidramot-19588. Diakses pada tanggal 13 January 2019.

[22] Ambarita, S., et al. (2016). Analisis Perubahan Zona Nilai Tanah Berdasarkan Harga Pasar Untuk Menentukan Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP) dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) (Studi Kasus: Kec. Semarang Timur, Kota Semarang). Jurnal Geodesi Undip, vol. 5, no. 2.

[23] Sirajjudin, I. A. (2014). Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Pelayanan Publik Dasar Bidang Sosial Di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Administrasi Publik UNM, vol. 4, no. 1.

[24] Santoso, F., et al. (2017). Pembuatan Peta Zona Nilai Tanah Untuk Menentukan Nilai Objek Pajak Berdasarkan Harga Pasar Menggunakan Aplikasi Sig (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Tingkir, Kota Salatiga). Jurnal Geodesi Undip, vol. 6, no. 4.

[25] Nambo, B. dan M. Puluhuluwa. 2005. Memahami Tentang Beberapa Konsep Politik (Suatu Telaah dari Sistem Politik).Available at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/154709-ID-memahami-tentangbeberapa- konsep-politik.pdf. Diakses pada tanggal 23 January 2019.

[26] Islamy, I. (2001). Prinsip-prinsip Perumusan Kebijaksanaan Negara. Bumi Aksara: Jakarta.

[27] Widodo, J. (2007). Analisa Kebijakan Publik. Malang: Bayu Media Publishing.

[28] Maulida, et al. (2015). Komunikasi Dan Koordinasi Kader Dengan Pelaksanaan Posbindu Lansia. Jurnal Universitas Syiah Kuala, vol. 3, no. 2.

[29] Ihromi, T. O. (2004). Bunga Rampai Sosiologi Keluarga. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

[30] Narwoko, J. and Suyanto, B. (2010). Sosiologi Teks Pengantar dan Terapan (Edisi Ketiga). Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.