Transformation Mechanisms & Metaphors in Architectural Design of Post Modernism Era Between Type & Model: Analytical Study on Comparison Between the Universities of Baghdad And Al Mustansiriyah
Abstract
The design output is a representation of several important attitudes and perceptions, which have contributed, and contributes to the generation of the form through special design methods. The architect’s role is to transform the intellectual or physical reference to architectural product using design and architectural composition act or vice versa. The main issue of the search is the lack of a clear perception in determining
the relationship between two important terms in design (type and model) and their role as tools for producing architectural form. The search is based on a hypothesis that it’s a constant shift cycle from type to model or vice versa or can reached an edge and stopped. The aims is to identify concrete inputs in order to determine a
specific vocabulary frame to shift cycle, and applied this frame to analysis architectural projects in the city of Baghdad. The research contains definitions of model, types, transformation and their mechanisms. In addition, it has a practical part which assists on the election of two examples of architectural works resulting from transformation strategies as full cycle (not equivalent) for architectural product. The last part contains research findings, conclusions and recommendations. Accordingly, the search main conclusion is that the design basis for Baghdad University project as approved formal grounds derived from the old fabric of the city of Baghdad, where the design basis of Al Mustansiriyah University buildings is a model based on inherited Mustansiriya.
References
[1] Keleer, Sean, Automatic Architecture Motivating from after modrensim, Will Publish December 2017, USA., p.156.
[2] Alan, Poal, Theory of Architecture: Concepts, Themes & Practices, New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1994, p.185.
[3] Niesbitt, Kate, Theorizing a New Agenda for Architectur: An Anthology of Architectural Theory 1965 – 1995, Princeton Architectural Press, 1996, p.16.
[4] Hebatalla Abouelfadl, Dalila ElKerdany, Christoph Wessling (eds.), Revitalizing City Districts: Transformation Partnership for Urban Design and Architecture in Historic City Districts, The Urban Book Series, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, 2017, p-p:104-105.
[5] Jencks, Charles, The Architecture of the Jumping Universe, ACADEMY EDITIONS, London, 1995 , p-p.146-149.
[6] Aldo Rossi , The Architecture of the city ,Opposition, Cambridge, Cambridge Mass,1980, P.22.
[7] Kuhn, Thomas S., The structure of scientific revolutions, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1970.
[8] Kahn, Louis, Arts and Architecture, New York ,Phaidon 1961, p.45.
[9] Saligaros, Nikos, The Structure of Pattern Languages ,Cambridge University Press, 2000, p-p.20-21.
[10] AL Sultany, Khaled, Architectural Tanass: diversification of the concept for Danish architects applications in Arabic countries, 2007, p 32.
[11] Shwanni, Salah Yassin, , The communicative act in architecture, unpublished Master thesis submitted to the Department of architecture, University of technology, Baghdad, 2000
[12] AL Amari, Amina Abdel Jabbar Abdel Fattah, renewal in architectural theory and practice, unpublished Master thesis submitted to the Department of architecture, University of technology, Baghdad, 1997.
[13] Mullah howeish, Akil Nouri, Modern Architecture in Iraq: a comparative analysis in architecture and planning, 1988, general cultural Affairs, Baghdad, p-p 240-243.
[14] Batty & Longly,P ”Fractel Cities:A Geometry of Form and Function”; Academic Press Limited ,San Diago, 1994.
[15] Broadbent, Geoffrey ,Deconstruction A student Guide journal of architectural theory and criticism, London, U.I.A Academy Edition, 1991.
[16] Wolper,Ethel Sara ,Islamic Architecture and Institutions in the Late Medieval City,History Compass,Volume 12, Issue 12, pages 912–923, December 2014.
[17] Gelernter, M., Source of Architectural form, A critical history of western design theory, Manchester, Manchester University press, 1995.
[18]Audah, Raed Mansour, Assessment of the Traditional Role of Spaces in Baghdad, Master thesis submitted to the Department of architecture, University tech, 1988, p 88.
[19] Ruzuki, Ghada, and Abdul Razak, Tara ”Relationship between the Model and the Movement in Architecture and Design, impact on contemporary architectural works in Iraq,” Engineering magazine, Volume 13 number (1), 2007, p 7.
[20] Abdul Aziz, Abdul Ghani, Typology in Architecture After Modernism, Master thesis submitted to the Department of architecture, University technology, 1999.