https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v21i6.13636
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authors
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Azam Shafaei
Azam Shafaei
Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
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Seyyed Ali Akbar Shamsian
Seyyed Ali Akbar Shamsian
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Mohammad Ghodsi
Mohammad Ghodsi
Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
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Fatemeh Sadabadi
Fatemeh Sadabadi
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Maryam Shahi
Maryam Shahi
Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
Published Date
- Jul 19, 2023
Influence of sexually transmitted infections on the cervical cytological abnormalities among Iranian women: A cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the world’s most severe health challenges. The existence of STIs such as human papillomavirus (HPV) might cause cervical cell changes leading to cervical cancer.
Objective: This study aims to assess the association of STIs with cervical cytological abnormalities and genital warts among women in northeastern Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 190 women referred to the central laboratory of Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Mashhad, Iran from March to July 2022. The presence of genital infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Herpes simplex viruses (1 and 2) were assessed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. HPV genital infection was detected based on the principles of reverse hybridization, and cellular changes in the cervix were examined by the liquid-based cytology technique.
Results: The mean age of participants was 35.33 ± 8.9 yr. 34 different HPV genotypes were detected in all HPV-positive cases, and the most common genotype was low-risk HPV6. No significant association was found between STIs and cervical cytology abnormalities. The prevalence rates of sexually transmitted pathogens among HPV-positive and HPV-negative individuals were 10.9 and 1.6%, respectively. The frequency of genital warts was significantly higher in cases with multiple infections of high- and low-risk HPV genotypes.
Conclusion: High percentages of the participants with non-HPV STIs and HPV infection had normal cervical cytology. It is advised to use STIs and HPV diagnostic tests along with cytology examinations for cervical cancer screening.
Key words: Sexually transmitted infections, Human papillomavirus, Cervical cancer, Genital wart, Genotypes.
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