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Bahreiny, S. S., Harooni, E., Dabbagh, M. R., & Ebrahimi, R. (2023). Circulating serum preptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM), 21(5), 367–378. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v21i5.13470
https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v21i5.13470
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authors
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Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
-
Elnaz Harooni
Elnaz Harooni
Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
-
Mohammad Reza Dabbagh
Mohammad Reza Dabbagh
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
-
Reza Ebrahimi
Reza Ebrahimi
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Published Date
- Jun 10, 2023
Circulating serum preptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder with complex pathogenesis and metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance. Among the new markers, preptin seems to play a significant role in metabolic disorders.
Objective: This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between circulating preptin levels and PCOS.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to identify relevant articles in electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, EMBASE, and the Google Scholar search engine, using a predefined search strategy. A random-effects model was used to combine standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI to compare results between groups. Metaregression and subgroup analysis were also performed to reveal the sources of heterogeneity.
Results: The meta-analysis encompassed a total of 8 studies and 582 participants. The results indicate a statistically significant association between PCOS and serum preptin levels, with a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.63- 2.08; p < 0.001). Further analysis suggested a significant difference in serum preptin levels between women with PCOS and higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ratio (SMD = 2.40; 95% [CI]: 1.17-3.63; p < 0.001) within the subgroup.
Conclusion: Our meta-analysis shows that increased serum preptin levels are associated with PCOS, suggesting that preptin may be related to the pathogenesis of PCOS and may be recognized as a novel diagnostic biomarker for PCOS. However, further studies are needed to confirm our results.
Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Proinsulin-like growth factor II, Preptin, Meta-analysis.
References
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[2] Fauser BCJM, Tarlatzis BC, Rebar RW, Legro RS, Balen AH, Lobo R, et al. Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): The Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Fertil Steril 2012; 97: 28– 38.e25.
[3] Dumesic DA, Oberfield SE, Stener-Victorin E, Marshall JC, Laven JS, Legro RS. Scientific statement on the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and molecular genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Rev 2015; 36: 487–525.
[4] Banting LK, Gibson-Helm M, Polman R, Teede HJ, Stepto NK. Physical activity and mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Womens Health 2014; 14: 51.
[5] Brutocao C, Zaiem F, Alsawas M, Morrow AS, Murad MH, Javed A. Psychiatric disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2018; 62: 318–325.
[6] Witchel SF, Teede HJ, Pena AS. Curtailing PCOS. Pediatr Res 2020; 87: 353–361.
[7] Aversa A, La Vignera S, Rago R, Gambineri A, Nappi RE, Calogero AE, et al. Fundamental concepts and novel aspects of polycystic ovarian syndrome: Expert consensus resolutions. Front Endocrinol 2020; 11: 516.
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[11] Legro RS, Arslanian SA, Ehrmann DA, Hoeger KM, Murad MH, Pasquali R, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98: 4565–4592.
[12] Baldani DP, Skrgatic L, Ougouag R. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Important underrecognised cardiometabolic risk factor in reproductive-age women. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015: 786362.
[13] Abraham Gnanadass S, Divakar Prabhu Y, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): An update. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 303: 631–643.
[14] Bannigida DM, Nayak BS, Vijayaraghavan R. Insulin resistance and oxidative marker in women with PCOS. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126: 183–186.
[15] Deveer R, Engin-Ustun Y, Uysal S, Su FA, Sarıaslan S, Gülerman C, et al. Serum brain natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein levels in adolescent with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2012; 28: 602– 605.
[16] Kruszewska J, Laudy-Wiaderny H, Kunicki M. Review of novel potential insulin resistance biomarkers in PCOS patients-the debate is still open. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19: 2099.
[17] Celik O, Celik N, Hascalik S, Sahin I, Aydin S, Ozerol E. An appraisal of serum preptin levels in PCOS. Fertil Steril 2011; 95: 314–316.
[18] Buchanan CM, Phillips AR, Cooper GJ. Preptin derived from proinsulin-like growth factor II (proIGF-II) is secreted from pancreatic islet beta-cells and enhances insulin secretion. Biochem J 2001; 360: 431–439.
[19] van Doorn J. Insulin-like growth factor-II and bioactive proteins containing a part of the E-domain of proinsulin- like growth factor-II. Biofactors 2020; 46: 563– 578.
[20] Aydin S. Three new players in energy regulation: Preptin, adropin and irisin. Peptides 2014; 56: 94–110.
[21] Yang G, Li L, Chen W, Liu H, Boden G, Li K. Circulating preptin levels in normal, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetic subjects. Ann Med 2009; 41: 52– 56.
[22] Ali HA, Abbas HJ, Naser AN. Preptin and adropin levels as new predictor in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Pharm Sci Res 2018; 10: 3005–3008.
[23] Mierzwicka A, Bolanowski M. New peptides players in metabolic disorders. Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70: 881–886.
[24] Bednarska S, Siejka A. The pathogenesis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: What’s new? Adv Clin Exp Med 2017; 26: 359–367.
[25] Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Rev Esp Cardiol 2021; 74: 790–799.
[26] Knobloch K, Yoon U, Vogt PM. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement and publication bias. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011; 39: 91–92.
[27] Mehmet Ak, Bertan Demir M. An assesment of relationship between serum preptin levels and antimullerian hormone in infertile womens with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann Clin Anal Med 2022; 13: 779–782.
[28] Ascar IF, Hameed AS. Serum prolactin, Preptin, CCL 18 and genetic polymorphisms in Iraqi women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Baghdad Sci J 2021; 18: 1552–1556.
[29] Senturk S, Hatirnaz S, Kanat-Pektas M. Serum preptin and amylin levels with respect to body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: 7517–7523.
[30] Celik N, Aydin S, Ugur K, Yardim M, Acet M, Yavuzkir S, et al. Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3-gene (adiponutrin), preptin, kisspeptin and amylin regulates oocyte developmental capacity in PCOS. Cell Mol Biol 2018; 64: 7–12.
[31] Mierzwicka A, Kuliczkowska-Plaksej J, Kolackov K, Bolanowski M. Preptin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018; 34: 470–475.
[32] Bu Z, Kuok K, Meng J, Wang R, Xu B, Zhang H. The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome, glucose tolerance status and serum preptin level. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10: 10.
[33] Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle- Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol 2010; 25: 603–605.
[34] Andrade C. Mean difference, standardized mean difference (SMD), and their use in meta-analysis: As simple as it gets. J Clin Psychiatry 2020; 81: 20f13681.
[35] Luo D, Wan X, Liu J, Tong T. Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and/or mid-quartile range. Stat Methods Med Res 2016; 27: 1785–1805.
[36] Higgins JPT, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002; 21: 1539–1558.
[37] Ades AE, Lu G, Higgins JPT. The interpretation of random-effects meta-analysis in decision models. Med Decis Making 2005; 25: 646–654.
[38] Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics 1994; 50: 1088–1101.
[39] Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997; 315: 629–634.
[40] Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2nd Ed. UK: John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
[41] Patel S. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 182: 27–36.
[42] Xiao C, Li W, Lu T, Wang J, Han J. Preptin promotes proliferation and osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 cells by upregulating β-catenin expression. IUBMB Life 2019; 71: 854–862.
[43] Polak K, Czyzyk A, Simoncini T, Meczekalski B. New markers of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40: 1–8.
[2] Fauser BCJM, Tarlatzis BC, Rebar RW, Legro RS, Balen AH, Lobo R, et al. Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): The Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Fertil Steril 2012; 97: 28– 38.e25.
[3] Dumesic DA, Oberfield SE, Stener-Victorin E, Marshall JC, Laven JS, Legro RS. Scientific statement on the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and molecular genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Rev 2015; 36: 487–525.
[4] Banting LK, Gibson-Helm M, Polman R, Teede HJ, Stepto NK. Physical activity and mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Womens Health 2014; 14: 51.
[5] Brutocao C, Zaiem F, Alsawas M, Morrow AS, Murad MH, Javed A. Psychiatric disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2018; 62: 318–325.
[6] Witchel SF, Teede HJ, Pena AS. Curtailing PCOS. Pediatr Res 2020; 87: 353–361.
[7] Aversa A, La Vignera S, Rago R, Gambineri A, Nappi RE, Calogero AE, et al. Fundamental concepts and novel aspects of polycystic ovarian syndrome: Expert consensus resolutions. Front Endocrinol 2020; 11: 516.
[8] Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14: 270–284.
[9] Bachelot A. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Clinical and biological diagnosis. Ann Biol Clin 2016; 74: 661–667.
[10] Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 19–25.
[11] Legro RS, Arslanian SA, Ehrmann DA, Hoeger KM, Murad MH, Pasquali R, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98: 4565–4592.
[12] Baldani DP, Skrgatic L, Ougouag R. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Important underrecognised cardiometabolic risk factor in reproductive-age women. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015: 786362.
[13] Abraham Gnanadass S, Divakar Prabhu Y, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): An update. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 303: 631–643.
[14] Bannigida DM, Nayak BS, Vijayaraghavan R. Insulin resistance and oxidative marker in women with PCOS. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126: 183–186.
[15] Deveer R, Engin-Ustun Y, Uysal S, Su FA, Sarıaslan S, Gülerman C, et al. Serum brain natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein levels in adolescent with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2012; 28: 602– 605.
[16] Kruszewska J, Laudy-Wiaderny H, Kunicki M. Review of novel potential insulin resistance biomarkers in PCOS patients-the debate is still open. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19: 2099.
[17] Celik O, Celik N, Hascalik S, Sahin I, Aydin S, Ozerol E. An appraisal of serum preptin levels in PCOS. Fertil Steril 2011; 95: 314–316.
[18] Buchanan CM, Phillips AR, Cooper GJ. Preptin derived from proinsulin-like growth factor II (proIGF-II) is secreted from pancreatic islet beta-cells and enhances insulin secretion. Biochem J 2001; 360: 431–439.
[19] van Doorn J. Insulin-like growth factor-II and bioactive proteins containing a part of the E-domain of proinsulin- like growth factor-II. Biofactors 2020; 46: 563– 578.
[20] Aydin S. Three new players in energy regulation: Preptin, adropin and irisin. Peptides 2014; 56: 94–110.
[21] Yang G, Li L, Chen W, Liu H, Boden G, Li K. Circulating preptin levels in normal, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetic subjects. Ann Med 2009; 41: 52– 56.
[22] Ali HA, Abbas HJ, Naser AN. Preptin and adropin levels as new predictor in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Pharm Sci Res 2018; 10: 3005–3008.
[23] Mierzwicka A, Bolanowski M. New peptides players in metabolic disorders. Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2016; 70: 881–886.
[24] Bednarska S, Siejka A. The pathogenesis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: What’s new? Adv Clin Exp Med 2017; 26: 359–367.
[25] Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Rev Esp Cardiol 2021; 74: 790–799.
[26] Knobloch K, Yoon U, Vogt PM. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement and publication bias. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011; 39: 91–92.
[27] Mehmet Ak, Bertan Demir M. An assesment of relationship between serum preptin levels and antimullerian hormone in infertile womens with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann Clin Anal Med 2022; 13: 779–782.
[28] Ascar IF, Hameed AS. Serum prolactin, Preptin, CCL 18 and genetic polymorphisms in Iraqi women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Baghdad Sci J 2021; 18: 1552–1556.
[29] Senturk S, Hatirnaz S, Kanat-Pektas M. Serum preptin and amylin levels with respect to body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: 7517–7523.
[30] Celik N, Aydin S, Ugur K, Yardim M, Acet M, Yavuzkir S, et al. Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3-gene (adiponutrin), preptin, kisspeptin and amylin regulates oocyte developmental capacity in PCOS. Cell Mol Biol 2018; 64: 7–12.
[31] Mierzwicka A, Kuliczkowska-Plaksej J, Kolackov K, Bolanowski M. Preptin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018; 34: 470–475.
[32] Bu Z, Kuok K, Meng J, Wang R, Xu B, Zhang H. The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome, glucose tolerance status and serum preptin level. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10: 10.
[33] Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle- Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol 2010; 25: 603–605.
[34] Andrade C. Mean difference, standardized mean difference (SMD), and their use in meta-analysis: As simple as it gets. J Clin Psychiatry 2020; 81: 20f13681.
[35] Luo D, Wan X, Liu J, Tong T. Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and/or mid-quartile range. Stat Methods Med Res 2016; 27: 1785–1805.
[36] Higgins JPT, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002; 21: 1539–1558.
[37] Ades AE, Lu G, Higgins JPT. The interpretation of random-effects meta-analysis in decision models. Med Decis Making 2005; 25: 646–654.
[38] Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics 1994; 50: 1088–1101.
[39] Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997; 315: 629–634.
[40] Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2nd Ed. UK: John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
[41] Patel S. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 182: 27–36.
[42] Xiao C, Li W, Lu T, Wang J, Han J. Preptin promotes proliferation and osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 cells by upregulating β-catenin expression. IUBMB Life 2019; 71: 854–862.
[43] Polak K, Czyzyk A, Simoncini T, Meczekalski B. New markers of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40: 1–8.