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Leilami, K., Zareie, A., Nouri, M., Bagheri, M., & Shirani, M. (2022). The association between healthy eating index score with semen parameters in infertile men: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM), 20(11), 931–940. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v20i11.12360
https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v20i11.12360
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authors
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Kimia Leilami
Kimia Leilami
Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
-
Azadeh Zareie
Azadeh Zareie
Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
-
Mehran Nouri
Mehran Nouri
Students’ Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
-
Milad Bagheri
Milad Bagheri
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Mahsa Shirani
Mahsa Shirani
Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published Date
- Dec 12, 2022
The association between healthy eating index score with semen parameters in infertile men: A cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Infertility has been a major problem for young couples in recent years. One way to assay the diet quality is the healthy eating index (HEI), related to infertility.
Objective: This study aims to assess the association between the HEI score with semen parameters in Iranian infertile men.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty eligible men (18-55 yr), were referred to the major infertility clinic in the summer of 2018 and entered this cross-sectional study. Based on the 5th edition of the world health organization laboratory manual, semen parameters including sperm concentration, volume, motility, and morphology were analyzed, and to specify the dietary intake of individuals a 168-item questionnaire was used. Also, to calculate the total HEI score, all 13 components based on HEI-2015 components and scoring standards were summed up.
Results: Participants in the highest tertile, had no difference in mean sperm parameters with those in the lowest tertile in the crude model. No significant association was found between sperm parameters and HEI score tertiles in the crude model, even after adjustment for potential confounders, except for concentration (OR: 0.39 and CI: 0.15, 0.99, p = 0.04). Participants in the highest tertile had a lower risk of abnormal concentration and motility in the crude model. The risk of abnormal concentration decreased, and motility increased in the adjusted model.
Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, there was no significant relationship between HEI and sperm indexes, except for sperm concentration. Therefore, more studies need to be done in the future.
Key words: Diet, Healthy, Semen analysis, Infertility, Cross-sectional studies.
References
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[13] Onvani S, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Adherence to the healthy eating index and alternative healthy eating index dietary patterns and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 30: 216–226.
[14] Hsiao PY, Fung JL, Mitchell DC, Hartman TJ, Goldman MB. Dietary quality, as measured by the alternative healthy eating index for pregnancy (AHEI-P), in couples planning their first pregnancy. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22: 3385–3394.
[15] Pacey AA, Povey AC, Clyma J-A, McNamee R, Moore HD, Baillie H, et al. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for poor sperm morphology. Hum Reprod 2014; 29: 1629–1636.
[16] Shirani M, Saneei P, Nouri M, Maracy MR, Abbasi H, Askari Gh. Associations of major dietary patterns and dietary diversity score with semen parameters: A cross-sectional study in iranian infertile men. Int J Fertil Steril 2020; 14: 185–192.
[17] Jensen TK, Swan Sh, Jorgensen N, Toppari J, Redmon B, Punab M, et al. Alcohol and male reproductive health: A cross-sectional study of 8344 healthy men from Europe and the USA. Hum Reprod 2014; 29: 1801– 1809.
[18] Mirmiran P, Hosseini Esfahani F, Mehrabi Y, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran lipid and glucose study. Public Health Nutr 2010; 13: 654–662.
[19] Efrat M, Stein A, Pinkas H, Unger R, Birk R. Dietary patterns are positively associated with semen quality. Ferti Steril 2018; 109: 809–816.
[20] Cutillas-Tolin A, Adoamnei E, Navarrete-Munoz EM, Vioque J, Moñino-García M, Jørgensen N, et al. Adherence to diet quality indices in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormones in young men. Hum Reprod 2019; 34: 1866–1875.
[21] Cutillas-Tolin A, Minguez-Alarcon L, Mendiola J, Lopez- Espin J, Jorgensen N, Navarrete-Munoz E, et al. Mediterranean and western dietary patterns are related to markers of testicular function among healthy men. Hum Reprod 2015; 30: 2945–2955.
[22] Karayiannis D, Kontogianni MD, Mendorou C, Douka L, Mastrominas M, Yiannakouris N. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and semen quality parameters in male partners of couples attempting fertility. Hum Reprod 2017; 32: 215–222.
[23] Oostingh EC, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, de Vries JHM, Laven JSE, Koster MPH. Strong adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with better semen quality, especially in men with poor semen quality. Fertil Steril 2017; 107: 916–923.
[24] Ricci E, Bravi F, Noli S, Somigliana E, Cipriani S, Castiglioni M, et al. Mediterranean diet and outcomes of assisted reproduction: An Italian cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 221: 627.
[25] Jacobs S, Harmon BE, Boushey CJ, Morimoto Y, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, et al. A priori-defined diet quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes: The multiethnic cohort. Diabetologia 2015; 58: 98–112.
[26] Mattei J, Sotos-Prieto M, Bigornia ShJ, Noel SE, Tucker KL. The mediterranean diet score is more strongly associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk factors over 2 years than other diet quality indexes in Puerto Rican adults. J Nutr 2017; 147: 661–669.
[27] van Bussel BC, Henry RMA, Ferreira I, van Greevenbroek MMJ, van der Kallen CJH, Twisk JWR, et al. A healthy diet is associated with less endothelial dysfunction and less low-grade inflammation over a 7-year period in adults at risk of cardiovascular disease. J Nutr 2015; 145: 532–540.
[28] Chavarro JE, Furtado J, Toth TL, Ford J, Keller M, Campos H, et al. Trans-fatty acid levels in sperm are associated with sperm concentration among men from an infertility clinic. Fertil Steril 2011; 95: 1794–1797.
[29] Mendiola J, Torres-Cantero AM, Vioque J, Moreno-Grau JM, Ten J, Roca M, et al. A low intake of antioxidant nutrients is associated with poor semen quality in patients attending fertility clinics. Fertil Steril 2010; 93: 1128–1133.
[30] Chiu Y-H, Gaskins AJ, Williams PL, Mendiola J, Jorgensen N, Levine H, et al. Intake of fruits and vegetables with low-to-moderate pesticide residues is positively associated with semen-quality parameters among young healthy men. J Nutr 2016; 146: 1084– 1092.
[31] Arab A, Rafie N, Mansourian M, Miraghajani M, Hajianfar H. Dietary patterns and semen quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Andrology 2018; 6: 20–28.
[32] Belan M, Carranza-Mamane B, Pesant M, AinMelk Y, Duval K, Jean-Denis F, et al. Male partners of subfertile couples in which the spouse is obese display adverse weight and lifestyle associated with reduced sperm quality. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13: 226–232.
[33] Palmer NO, Bakos HW, Owens JA, Setchell BP, Lane M. Diet and exercise in an obese mouse fed a high-fat diet improve metabolic health and reverse perturbed sperm function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302: E768–E780.
[34] Chiu Y-H, Edifor R, Rosner BA, Nassan FL, Gaskins AJ, Mínguez-Alarcon L, et al. What does a single semen sample tell you? Implications for male factor infertility research. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186: 918–926.
[35] Campbell MJ, Lotti F, Baldi E, Schlatt S, Festin MPR, Bjorndahl L, et al. Distribution of semen examination results 2020- A follow up of data collated for the WHO semen analysis manual 2010. Andrology 2021; 9: 817– 822.
[36] Abdollahi N, Nouri M, Leilami K, Fakri Mustafa Y, Shirani M. The relationship between plant and animal based protein with semen parameters: A cross-sectional study in infertile men. Clin Nutr EPSEN 2022; 49: 372– 377.
[2] Azizi F, Omrani MD, Sadighi Gilani MA, Hosseini J. The genetic causes of male infertility in Iranian population: A systematic review. Men’s Health J 2018; 2: e1.
[3] Eisenberg ML, Lathi RB, Baker VL, Westphal LM, Milki AA, Nangia AK. Frequency of the male infertility evaluation: Data from the national survey of family growth. J Urol 2013; 189: 130–140.
[4] Jungwirth A, Giwercman A, Tournaye H, Diemer Th, Kopa Z, Dohle G, et al. European association of urology guidelines on male infertility: The 2012 update. Eur Urol 2012; 62: 324–332.
[5] Salas-Huetos A, Bullo M, Salas-Salvado J. Dietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters and fecundability: A systematic review of observational studies. Hum Reprod Update 2017; 23: 371–389.
[6] Nassan FL, Chavarro JE, Tanrikut C. Diet and men’s fertility: Does diet affect sperm quality? Fertil Steril 2018; 110: 570–577.
[7] Bieniek JM, Kashanian JA, Deibert CM, Grober ED, Lo KC, Brannigan RE, et al. Influence of increasing body mass index on semen and reproductive hormonal parameters in a multi-institutional cohort of subfertile men. Fertil Steril 2016; 106: 1070–1075.
[8] Gabrielsen JS, Tanrikut C. Chronic exposures and male fertility: The impacts of environment, diet, and drug use on spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 4: 648–661.
[9] Ramaraju GA, Teppala S, Prathigudupu K, Kalagara M, Thota S, Kota M, et al. Association between obesity and sperm quality. Andrologia 2018; 50: 12888.
[10] Krebs-Smith SM, Pannucci TRE, Subar AF, Kirkpatrick ShI, Lerman JL, Tooze JA, et al. Update of the healthy eating index: HEI-2015. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018; 118: 1591–1602.
[11] Samdal GB, Eide GE, Barth T, Williams G, Meland E. Effective behaviour change techniques for physical activity and healthy eating in overweight and obese adults: Systematic review and meta-regression analyses. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14: 42.
[12] Berkowitz SA, Delahanty LM, Terranova J, Steiner B, Ruazol MP, Singh R, et al. Medically tailored meal delivery for diabetes patients with food insecurity: A randomized cross-over trial. J Gen Intern Med 2019; 34: 396–404.
[13] Onvani S, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Adherence to the healthy eating index and alternative healthy eating index dietary patterns and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 30: 216–226.
[14] Hsiao PY, Fung JL, Mitchell DC, Hartman TJ, Goldman MB. Dietary quality, as measured by the alternative healthy eating index for pregnancy (AHEI-P), in couples planning their first pregnancy. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22: 3385–3394.
[15] Pacey AA, Povey AC, Clyma J-A, McNamee R, Moore HD, Baillie H, et al. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for poor sperm morphology. Hum Reprod 2014; 29: 1629–1636.
[16] Shirani M, Saneei P, Nouri M, Maracy MR, Abbasi H, Askari Gh. Associations of major dietary patterns and dietary diversity score with semen parameters: A cross-sectional study in iranian infertile men. Int J Fertil Steril 2020; 14: 185–192.
[17] Jensen TK, Swan Sh, Jorgensen N, Toppari J, Redmon B, Punab M, et al. Alcohol and male reproductive health: A cross-sectional study of 8344 healthy men from Europe and the USA. Hum Reprod 2014; 29: 1801– 1809.
[18] Mirmiran P, Hosseini Esfahani F, Mehrabi Y, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran lipid and glucose study. Public Health Nutr 2010; 13: 654–662.
[19] Efrat M, Stein A, Pinkas H, Unger R, Birk R. Dietary patterns are positively associated with semen quality. Ferti Steril 2018; 109: 809–816.
[20] Cutillas-Tolin A, Adoamnei E, Navarrete-Munoz EM, Vioque J, Moñino-García M, Jørgensen N, et al. Adherence to diet quality indices in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormones in young men. Hum Reprod 2019; 34: 1866–1875.
[21] Cutillas-Tolin A, Minguez-Alarcon L, Mendiola J, Lopez- Espin J, Jorgensen N, Navarrete-Munoz E, et al. Mediterranean and western dietary patterns are related to markers of testicular function among healthy men. Hum Reprod 2015; 30: 2945–2955.
[22] Karayiannis D, Kontogianni MD, Mendorou C, Douka L, Mastrominas M, Yiannakouris N. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and semen quality parameters in male partners of couples attempting fertility. Hum Reprod 2017; 32: 215–222.
[23] Oostingh EC, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, de Vries JHM, Laven JSE, Koster MPH. Strong adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with better semen quality, especially in men with poor semen quality. Fertil Steril 2017; 107: 916–923.
[24] Ricci E, Bravi F, Noli S, Somigliana E, Cipriani S, Castiglioni M, et al. Mediterranean diet and outcomes of assisted reproduction: An Italian cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 221: 627.
[25] Jacobs S, Harmon BE, Boushey CJ, Morimoto Y, Wilkens LR, Le Marchand L, et al. A priori-defined diet quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes: The multiethnic cohort. Diabetologia 2015; 58: 98–112.
[26] Mattei J, Sotos-Prieto M, Bigornia ShJ, Noel SE, Tucker KL. The mediterranean diet score is more strongly associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk factors over 2 years than other diet quality indexes in Puerto Rican adults. J Nutr 2017; 147: 661–669.
[27] van Bussel BC, Henry RMA, Ferreira I, van Greevenbroek MMJ, van der Kallen CJH, Twisk JWR, et al. A healthy diet is associated with less endothelial dysfunction and less low-grade inflammation over a 7-year period in adults at risk of cardiovascular disease. J Nutr 2015; 145: 532–540.
[28] Chavarro JE, Furtado J, Toth TL, Ford J, Keller M, Campos H, et al. Trans-fatty acid levels in sperm are associated with sperm concentration among men from an infertility clinic. Fertil Steril 2011; 95: 1794–1797.
[29] Mendiola J, Torres-Cantero AM, Vioque J, Moreno-Grau JM, Ten J, Roca M, et al. A low intake of antioxidant nutrients is associated with poor semen quality in patients attending fertility clinics. Fertil Steril 2010; 93: 1128–1133.
[30] Chiu Y-H, Gaskins AJ, Williams PL, Mendiola J, Jorgensen N, Levine H, et al. Intake of fruits and vegetables with low-to-moderate pesticide residues is positively associated with semen-quality parameters among young healthy men. J Nutr 2016; 146: 1084– 1092.
[31] Arab A, Rafie N, Mansourian M, Miraghajani M, Hajianfar H. Dietary patterns and semen quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Andrology 2018; 6: 20–28.
[32] Belan M, Carranza-Mamane B, Pesant M, AinMelk Y, Duval K, Jean-Denis F, et al. Male partners of subfertile couples in which the spouse is obese display adverse weight and lifestyle associated with reduced sperm quality. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13: 226–232.
[33] Palmer NO, Bakos HW, Owens JA, Setchell BP, Lane M. Diet and exercise in an obese mouse fed a high-fat diet improve metabolic health and reverse perturbed sperm function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302: E768–E780.
[34] Chiu Y-H, Edifor R, Rosner BA, Nassan FL, Gaskins AJ, Mínguez-Alarcon L, et al. What does a single semen sample tell you? Implications for male factor infertility research. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186: 918–926.
[35] Campbell MJ, Lotti F, Baldi E, Schlatt S, Festin MPR, Bjorndahl L, et al. Distribution of semen examination results 2020- A follow up of data collated for the WHO semen analysis manual 2010. Andrology 2021; 9: 817– 822.
[36] Abdollahi N, Nouri M, Leilami K, Fakri Mustafa Y, Shirani M. The relationship between plant and animal based protein with semen parameters: A cross-sectional study in infertile men. Clin Nutr EPSEN 2022; 49: 372– 377.