Composition of Commissioners and Directors, Profitability, Capital Structure and Investor Investment Decisions: Role of Sustainable Investment

Abstract

This study aims to determine the role of the sustainable investment on the composition of commissioners and directors, profitability, capital structure and investor investment decisions in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research data were obtained from 2015-2018 by annual reports, financial reports, sustainability reports, summaries of tradable shares volume, and summaries of listed shares of financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 48 units of observation data were collected. This study used quantitative analysis techniques with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and was processed by SmartPLS 3. The test results showed: 1) investor investment decisions are negatively and significantly affected by composition of commissioners and directors; 2) investor investment decisions are not affected by profitability; 3) investor investment decisions are positively and significantly affected by capital structure; 4) sustainable investment is positively and significantly affected by the composition of commissioners and directors; 5) sustainable investment is positively and significantly affected by profitability; 6) sustainable investment is not affected by capital structure; 7) investor investment decisions are positively and significantly affected by sustainable investment. Therefore, the sustainable investment mediation effect of the composition of commissioners and directors on investor investment decisions is quasi-mediating. It is also proven that there is fully meditating on the effect of profitability on investor investment decisions. While the effect of capital structure on investor investment decisions is not proven to mediate.


Keywords: composition of commissioners and directors, profitability, capital structure, sustainable investment, investor investment decision

References
1] Ahyaruddin, M., Widiarsih, D. and Winarso, D. (2017). Pengaruh Psikologi Investor Terhadap Volume Perdagangan Saham (Studi Empiris Pada Indeks Saham LQ45 Yang Terdaftar di BEI). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Ekonomika, vol. 7, issue 2, pp. 121–131.

[2] Akhtar, S. and Shah, S. M. A. (2018). A Stock Market Reaction to Firm Leverage: An Investors ’ Insight from Developing Economy of Pakistan. Journal of Managerial Sciences, vol. 12, issue 2, pp. 37–55.

[3] Al-Najjar, B. and Taylor, P. (2008). The Relationship Between Capital Structure and Ownership Structure. Managerial Finance, vol. 34, issue 12, pp. 919–933, https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350810915851.

[4] Al-Tamimi, H. A. H. and Kalli, A. A. B. (2009). Financial Literacy and Investment Decisions of UAE Investors. The Journal of Risk Finance, vol. 10, issue 5, pp. 500–516, https://doi.org/10.1108/ 15265940911001402.

[5] Amel Zadeh, A. and Serafeim, G. (2018). Why and How Investors use ESG Information: Evidence from a Global Survey. Financial Analysts Journal, vol. 74, issue 3, pp. 1–17, https://doi.org/10.2469/faj.v74.n3.2.

[6] Bashir, D. T., et al. (2013). An Assessment Study on the “Factors Influencing the Individual Investor Decision Making Behavior”. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, vol. 9, issue 5, pp. 37–44, https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-0953744.

[7] Bear, S., Rahman, N. and Post, C. (2010). The Impact of Board Diversity and Gender Composition on Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Reputation. Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 97, issue 2, pp. 207–221, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0505-2.

[8] Boda, J. R. and Sunitha, G. (2018). Investor’s Psychology in Investment Decision Making: a Behavioral Finance Approach. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 119, issue 7, pp. 1253– 1261.

[9] News Unika. (2019, June). Retrieved from http://news.unika.ac.id/2019/06/dilema-sustainability-reportuntuk-pembangunan-berkelanjutan/.

[10] C, G. (2014). Factors Influencing Stock Selection Decision: The Case of Retail Investors in Colombo Stock Exchange. Presented at 11th International Conference on Business Management, pp. 107–115.

[11] Cantino, V., Devalle, A. and Fiandrino, S. (2017). ESG Sustainability and Financial Capital Structure: Where they Stand Nowadays. International Journal of Business and Social Science, vol. 8, issue 5, pp. 116–126.

[12] Certo, S. T. (2003). Influencing Initial Public Offering Investors with Prestige: Signaling with Board Structures. The Academy of Management Review, vol. 28, issue 3, pp. 432–446.

[13] CNN. (2019, October). Retrieved from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/teknologi/20191002194524-199- 436203/titik-api-karhutla-2019-naik-80-persen-dari-2018.

[14] Firmialy, S. D., Wiryono, S. K. and Nainggolan, Y. A. (2019). Exploring the Bi-Directional Relationship of Stock Return and Sustainability Performance through the Sustainability Risk Lens (Case of Indonesia). Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan Dan Pembangunan Daerah, vol. 7, issue 2, pp. 127–142, https://doi.org/ 10.22437/ppd.v7i2.7663.

[15] Formánková, S., et al. (2019). Millennials’ Awareness and Approach to Social Responsibility and Investment—Case Study of the Czech Republic. Sustainability, vol. 11, issue 2, pp. 504, https://doi. org/10.3390/su11020504.

[16] Gillian, S. L., et al. (2010). Firms’ Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Choices, Performance and Managerial Motivation. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228847213_Firms_e nvironmental_social_and_governance_ESG_choices_performance_and_managerial_motivation.

[17] Goss, A. and Roberts, G. S. (2011). The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Cost of Bank Loans. Journal of Banking & Finance, vol. 35, issue 7, pp. 1794–1810, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2010.12.002.

[18] GSIA. (2018). Global Sustainable Investment Review 2018.

[19] Hamrouni, A., Boussaada, R. and Toumi, B. F. N. (2019). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Debt Financing. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, vol. 20, issue 4, pp. 394–415, https: //doi.org/10.1108/JAAR-01-2018-0020.

[20] Hapsoro, D. and Husain, Z. F. (2019). Does Sustainability Report Moderate the Effect of Financial Performance on Investor Reaction? Evidence of Indonesian Listed Firms. International Journal of Business, vol. 24, issue 3, pp. 308–328.

[21] Hery, H. (2016). Financial Ratio for Business (1st ed.). Jakarta: PT Grasindo.

[22] Higgins, M. C. and Gulati, R. (2006). Stacking the Deck: The Effects of Top Management Backgrounds on Investor Decisions. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 27, pp. 1–25, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.495.

[23] The official website of Indonesia Stock Exchange, https://www.idx.co.id.

[24] Husnan, S. (2015). Teori Portofolio & Analisis Sekuritas (5th ed.). Yogyakarta: UPP STIM YKPN.

[25] Jain, M., Sharma, G. D. and Srivastava, M. (2019). Can Sustainable Investment Yield Better Financial Returns: A Comparative Study of ESG Indices and MSCI Indices. Risks, vol. 7, issue 1, p. 15, https: //doi.org/10.3390/risks7010015.

[26] Jiang, X. and Akbar, A. (2018). Does Increased Representation of Female Executives Improve Corporate Environmental Investment? Evidence from China. Sustainability, vol. 10, issue 12, p. 4750, https://doi. org/10.3390/su10124750.

[27] Kang, E., Ding, D. K. and Charoenwong, C. (2010). Investor reaction to women directors. Journal of Business Research, vol. 63, issue 8, pp. 888–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.06.008.

[28] Keown, A. J., Martin, J. D. and Petty, J. W. (2017). Foundations of Finance (9th ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

[29] Khaerani, N. S. (2017). Peran Wanita Dalam Perubahan Sosial Melalui Kepemimpinan Posdaya. Sosietas, vol. 7, issue 1, pp. 371–375, https://doi.org/10.17509/sosietas.v7i1.10352.

[30] Khemir, S., Baccouche, C. and Ayadi, S. D. (2019). The Influence of ESG Information on Investment Allocation Decisions: An Experimental Study in an Emerging Country. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, vol. 20, issue 4, pp. 458–480, https://doi.org/10.1108/JAAR-12-2017-0141.

[31] Krystella, K. and Sitorus, T. (2017). Sistem Pengendalian Internal, Fraud Diamond, dan Larceny Sebagai Efek Mediasi Whistleblowingsystem (Studi Pada BPK RI). Jurnal Akuntansi, vol. 11, issue 1, pp. 99–130, https://doi.org/10.25170/jara.v11i1.54.

[32] Loukil, N., Yousfi, O. and Yerbanga, R. (2019). Does Gender Diversity on boards influence stock market liquidity? Empirical Evidence from the French market. Corporate Governance International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 5, pp. 1–55, https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-09-2018-0291.

[33] Madhani, P. M. (2017). Diverse Roles of Corporate Board: A Review of Various Corporate Governance Theories. IUP Journal of Corporate Governance, vol. 16, issue 2, pp. 7–28.

[34] Miralles-Quirós, M. M., Miralles-Quirós, J. L. and Gonçalves, L. M. V. (2018). The Value Relevance of Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance: The Brazilian Case. Sustainability, vol. 10, issue 3, p. 574, https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030574.

[35] Purwohandoko, P. (2017). The Influence of Firm’s Size, Growth, and Profitability on Firm Value with Capital Structure as the Mediator: A Study on the Agricultural Firms Listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. International Journal of Economics and Finance, vol. 9, issue 8, p. 103, https://doi.org/10. 5539/ijef.v9n8p103.

[36] Sachs, J. D., et al. (2019). Why Is Green Finance Important? ADBI Working Paper, vol. 917, pp. 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-67278-3_116.

[37] Sindo. (2018, May). Retrieved from https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/1302781/15/10-problem-besarlingkungan-di-indonesia-1525347778.

[38] Sitorus, T. and Yuganda, K. (2019). Investor’s Stock Selection Decision: Influence of Profitability, Company Size, and RAROC. Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, vol. 8, issue 2, p. 69, https://doi.org/10.12775/CJFA.2019.009.

[39] Sujarweni, V. W. (2019). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Bantul: Pustaka Baru Press.

[40] Tan, A., Benni, D. and Liani, W. (2016). Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Investor Reaction. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, vol. 6, issue 4, pp. 11–17.

[41] Thakor, A. V. (2014). Leverage, Systemic Risk and Financial System Health: How Do We Develop a Healthy Financial System? SSRN Electronic Journal, August issue, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10. 1057/9781137413543_2.

[42] Tong, S. and Ning, Y. (2004). Does Capital Structure Affect Institutional Investor Choices? The Journal of Investing, vol. 13, issue 4, pp. 53–66, https://doi.org/10.3905/joi.2004.450757.

[43] Tseng, M., et al. (2019). Sustainable Investment: Interrelated among Corporate Governance, Economic Performance and Market Risks Using Investor Preference Approach. Sustainability, vol. 11, issue 7, p. 2108, https://doi.org/10.3390/su11072108.

[44] Wei, F., Ding, B. and Kong, Y. (2017). Female Directors and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from the Environmental Investment of Chinese Listed Companies. Sustainability, vol. 9, issue 12, p. 2292, https://doi.org/10.3390/su9122292.

[45] Winship, C. and Zhuo, X. (2018). Interpreting t - Statistics Under Publication Bias: Rough Rules of Thumb. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-018-9387-8.

[46] Yang, D., Wang, Z. and Lu, F. (2019). The Influence of Corporate Governance and Operating Characteristics on Corporate Environmental Investment: Evidence from China. Sustainability, vol. 11, issue 10, p. 2737, https://doi.org/10.3390/su11102737.