Learning Strategy Patterns in Developing Skills for Listening of Arabic Speech
Abstract
In accordance with the constructivist philosophy, student learning strategies are important things to be studied and activated by lecturers to achieve an effective level of learning in accordance with the characteristics of students who are ready to be independent. These strategies can be used for processing (internalitation), storage (starage), retrieval (retrival), and the use of newly learned languages. These strategies are also a set of tools for self-directed development of communication skills, including listening skills. Listening skills are an important part of communication, and are the basis of second language learning or foreign languages. The essence of interaction ability is the ability to understand what others say. The purpose of this study is to (1) describe the pattern of direct learning strategies used by students in listening to Arabic speech, describe the pattern of indirect learning strategies used by students in listening to Arabic speech, and (3) describe student perceptions of the importance learning strategies in developing listening skills. The design of this research is qualitative descriptive research. This research includes ethnometodology and phenomenology research that will reveal students’ learning attitudes both independent and guided learning in listening to Arabic speeches both in class and outside the classroom. The results showed that the direct learning strategies used by students in listening to Arabic speech can be categorized into three types, namely (a) memory strategy, (b) cognitive strategies, and (c) compensation strategies, the three strategies used by students when implementing skills listening in the class and outside the class with different compositions. The indirect strategies used by students when listening are: metacognitive strategies, affective strategies, and social strategies. These three strategies are used by students with techniques that vary with a number of different quantities. Based on the results of questionnaires, observations, and interviews, it was found that the majority of students used certain learning strategies in the listening process, both when listening guided in the laboratory and listening freely outside the laboratory.
Keywords: Learning Strategy Patterns, Developing Skills, Listening of Arabic Speech
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