Economic Empowerment for Poor Women Using Grameen Bank Model in Indonesia
Abstract
This research aimed at analysing the contribution of Islamic Microfinance which used Grameen Bank model to the economic empowerment and poverty alleviation in Cianjur Regency. This research used quantitative approach. Primary data were collected using questionnaires. While the secondary data were derived from the annual report of the cooperative, Central Bureau of Statistics of Cianjur, journals and other related literature. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The number of samples used was 100 female poor respondents from all female members of Cooperative Dhuafa Mitra in 2017, at Mande branch office, Cianjur Regency. The analytical technique used was Spearman correlation, and Kruskal-Wallis free sample test. This research concluded that Islamic Microfinance using Grameen Bank model had positive contribution to economic empowerment of poor women. Financial capital and social capital were the keys to success in empowering the poor community. Islamic microfinance using Grameen model also had a significant relationship with poverty alleviation. This article also proved that poverty could be overcome if economic development is run based on human development. The results of this study strengthen the conclusions of Nasim Shah Shirazi and Aman Ullah Khan (2009), Rajesh Kumar Shastri (2009), Muhammad Yunus (2008), Jahangir Alam Chowdhury (2008), Mohammad Anwarul Kabir, Suman Dey and Mohammad Shamsal Islam (2012) Sadegh Bakhtiari (2006), as well as Musa bin Mansour and Tawfiq Brahm Chaouch (2013) who stated that micro-loans are able to create self-employment opportunities and have an impact on rural poverty reduction and unemployment. The results of this study are different from the conclusions of JUJ Onwumere (2012), Anis Chowdhury (2009), Dan Matovu (2006) and Katsushi S. Imai (2010) which stated that microfinance just increases human capital, creates black spots and negatively impacts Women empowerment.
Keywords: Grameen Bank, Poverty, Economic Empowerment, Spearman correlation, and Kruskal-Wallis.
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