Adaptation Strategy of Climate Change Impact on Water Resources in Small Island Coastal Areas: Case Study on Ternate Island-North Maluku
Abstract
Observed of climate change on several decades has been linked to changes in the large scale hydrological cycle and give the impacts to all areas include small island. Higher water temperatures and changes in extremes, including floods and droughts, are projected to affect water quality and quantity. This study was conducted to explain the condition of precipitation at Ternate Island related to climate change, to assess the saltwater intrusion in coastal area as impact of decline of groundwater and suggest several options as strategic adaptation plan could be done by government. Precipitation data had been collected from Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency) and analysis of groundwater conditions were done by taking the geo-electric method and the measurement of physco-chemical parameters of groundwater. The result shows that precipitation pattern at study area during the last 10 yr have fluctuated and the peak of the dry season occurs in 2014 to 2015. The groundwater analysis found that below 20 m at study area, the freshwater had not found and intrusion of saltwater had been occuring. It was supported by result of groundwater quality where the condition at low tide and high tide shows that salinity and conductivity values obtained above the normal concentration for freshwater. The conditions show the region around Akegaale has been intrusion by seawater.
Keywords: Climate Change, Groundwater Quality, Saltwater Intrusion
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