The Structure-Conduct-Performance of Indonesian Coffee Processing Industry
Abstract
Coffee industry in Indonesia in the short- and long terms has the potential to boost the country’s economy which can be seen in the form of structure, behavior, and performance. Market forces affect the market structure in an industry. The formation of the market structure affects a company’s behavior which further affects the performance of the company. The data used in this study is sourced from the Central Statistics Agency. The study measures the relationship of structure and other factors that affect the performance of the Indonesian coffee industry using a multiple regression model. Our findings show that the coffee processing industry in Indonesia has an oligopoly structure with a fairly high market barrier. The market behavior of the coffee processing industry is seen in terms of price strategy, products, and promotion. The performance of the coffee processing industry in Indonesia has an increasing trend every year. A positive trend results in good performance for the company so that it will increase the level of profit. Based on the regression results, the Minimum Cost Price which represents the performance of the Indonesian coffee processing industry is significantly influenced by the Efficiency Value. CR4 value and Labor Productivity have no real effect on the Minimum Price Cost. The pattern of the relationship between Efficiency and Labor Productivity to the Minimum Price Cost has a positive effect while CR4 has a negative effect.
Keywords: structure, conduct, performance, coffee processing industry
References
[1] Dumairy. Perekonomian Indonesia. Jakarta: Erlangga; 2000.
[2] BPS. Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Tahun 2006. Berita Resmi Statistik.
[3] Yanita Frmam dan M. Analisis Peranan Perkebunan Kopi Dan Industri Pengolahan Kopi Bubuk Dalam Menggerakkan Perekonomian Wilayah di Kabupaten Merangin. J Agribus Local Wisdom. 2021;4(2):31–34.
[4] Martauli ED. Analysis of coffee production in Indonesia [ Journal Agribusiness Sciences]. JASC. 2018;1(2):112–120.
[5] ICO. Coffee year Production by country. Ico.Org.
[6] Vegro CL, de Almeida LF. Global coffee market: Socio-economic and cultural dynamics. Coffee consumption and industry strategies in Brazil A Volume Consumer Science And Strategic Marketing Series; 2019. pp. 3–19.
[7] Alfirahmi A. Fenomena Kopi Kekinian Di Era 4.0 Ditinjau dari Marketing 4.0 dan Teori Uses and Effect. LUGAS Jurnal Komunikasi. 2019;3(1):24–32.
[8] Jaya WK. Ekonomi Industri. BPFE; 2001.
[9] Martin S. Industrial organization: A European perspective. Oxford University Press; 2002.
[10] Apriani I, Kinerja Industri Pengupasan R, Di Indonesia PD. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan. 2019;15(2):101–105. https://Doi.Org/10.29259/Jep.V15i2.8853
[11] Rante JZ. Analisis SCP Terhadap Perkebunan Di Indonesia Scp Analysis Of Plantation In Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis. 2021;6(2):31–42.
[12] Mahesa. Analisis Struktur, Perilaku dan Kinerja Industri Minuman di Indonesia Periode 2006-2009. Media Ekonomi. 2010;18(3):1–18.
[13] Perdana AB, Iyan RY, Setiawan D. Analisis Struktur Dan Kinerja Industri Furnitur Kayu Di Kota Pekanbaru. 2020;7:1–11.
[14] Hutabarat B. Kondisi Pasar Dunia dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Industri Perkopian Nasional. J Agro-Ekon. 2016;22(2):147–167.
[15] Kustiari. Perkembangan Pasar Kopi Dunia dan Implikasinya Bagi Indonesia Market Development of World Coffee and Its Implication for Indonesia. Forum American Bar Association. 2005;(70): 43–55.
[16] Rekarti E, Nurhayati M. Analisis Structure Conduct Performance (Scp) Jika Terjadi Merger Bank Pembangunan Daerah Dan Bank Bumn Persero Berdasarkan Nilai Aset Dan Nilai Dana. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis Mercu Buana. 2016;2(1):36–50.
[17] Commanor WS, Wilson A. Advertising market structure and performance. Review of Economics and Statistic. 1967;4230–4240. https://doi.org/10.2307/1928327
[18] Tafinia D. Analisis Structure Conduct Dan Performance Pada Industri Tape Di Kabupaten Bondowoso. 2019; 278–288.
[19] Suryawati SH, Luhur ES, Kurniawan T, Arthatiany FY. Analisis Struktur, Perilaku, dan Kinerja Pasar Uang Indonesia. Ejournal Balitbang. 2019:211–223.
[20] Kuncoro M. Ekonomika Industri Indonesia: Menuju Negara Industri Baru 2030? Andi Yogyakarta; 2007.
[21] Hendra ST, Hartomo DD. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Dan Pangsa Pasar Terhadap Pengambilan Risiko Bank. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen. 2018;17(2):35–50.
[22] Kusuma AL. Ekonomika Industri. UPP STIM YKPN; 2014.
[23] Zakariyah MY, Anindita R, Baladina N. Analisis Daya Saing Teh Indonesia di Pasar Internasional. Jurnal Pertanian Berbasis Keseimbangan Ekosistem. 2014;29–37.
[24] Nahraeni W, Rahayu A, Yusdiarti A, Kulsum IA. Struktur Pasar Sayuran Kemangi Di Pasar Tradisional. Jurnal Agribisnis. 2018;4(2):21–29.
[25] Teguh M. Ekonomi Industri. Raja Grafindo Persada; 2016.
[26] Khavidhurrohmaningrum. Strategi Dan Perilaku Industri Pengolahan di Kota Semarang Tahun 2007-2011. Economics Development Analysis Journal. 2013;2(3):220–233.
[27] Joseph Ibnu Wibowo A. Analisis industri makanan tradisional berbasis concentration ratio, herfindahl- hirschman index, dan minimum efficient scale. Jurnal FEB Unmul. 2019;15(1):26–43.
[28] Narulita S, Winandi R, Jahroh S. Analisis Daya saing dan Strategi Pengembangan Agribisnis Kopi Indonesia. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia. 2014;2(1):63–74.
[29] Purwatiningsih R, Ismanto A. Struktur Pasar dan Analisis Keuntungan Kopi Arabika Rakyat Di Kecamatan Sumber Wringin Bondowoso [ Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics]. JSEP. 2018;11(3):17–21.
[30] Putri MA, Fariyanti A, Kusnadi N. Struktur dan Integrasi Pasar Kopi Arabika Gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dan Bener Meriah. Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar. 2013; 4(1): 47–54.
[31] Rosiana N. Dinamika Pola Pemasaran Kopi Pada Wilayah Sentra Produksi Utama Di Indonesia. Agrosains dan Teknologi. 2020;5(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.5.1.1- 10.
[32] Pertanian P. D dan SI. Outlook Kopi 2018 (Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Perkebunan-Kopi). Kementerian Pertanian.
[33] Perkebunan M. Harga Kopi Februari. Mediaperkebunan.Id; 2019.
[34] Pradana LE, FAJW serta DW. Memperkuat Daya Saing UMKM di Wilayah Surabaya Dan Sekitarnya Melalui Pembuatan Perencanaan Bisnis. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. 2018;1(1):37–52.
[35] Lukito W, Prabawa B, Swasty W. Peningkatan Daya Saing UMKM Minuman Olahan Kopi Melalui Strategi Branding (Studi Kasus : Laskar Kopi Arjasari). Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual. 2021;10(1):1–14.
[36] Wintoko R, Marlena N. Analisis strategi pemasaran pada ukm rumah kopi temanggung. Jurnal Pendidikan Tata Niaga. 2021;9(1):1160–1166.
[37] Firdaus AM, H. Efektivitas Instagram Sebagai Media Promosi Produk Olahan Pertanian Kopi Di Rumah Kopi Sunda Hejo. Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM]. 2022;5(6):895–907.
[38] Rahmawati, Maradita, F. & H. Gaya Hidup Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Susu Uht Ultramilk (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Kota Sumbawa). Jurnal Manajemen Ekonomi dan Bisnis. 2018;3(1):1–9.
[39] Rezki MA, Hapsari DR. Efektivitas Strategi Promosi Produk Kopi Lokal Di Rumah Kopi Ranin. Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan. 2019;17(1):38–54.
[40] Effendy ML, Sari I, Hermawan H. Pengaruh Strategi Promosi Melalui Media Sosial, Kualitas Pelayanan, dan Word of Mouth Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan pada Warung Kopi Cak Kebo (The Effect of Promotion Strategy Through Social Media, Quality of Service, and Word of Mouth on Customer Loyalty). Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Akuntansi. 2021;8(2):107–116.
[41] Rahmadi YI. Determinan Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Industri Kopi Bubuk di Kabupaten Muara Enim. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan. 2018;16(1):34–43. https://doi.org/https;//doi.org/10.29259/jep.v16il.8876
[42] Tarmizi N. Ekonomi Ketenagakerjaan. Univ Sriwijaya.
[43] Ria Lestari Baso, Anindita R. Analisis Daya Saing Kopi Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis. 2018; 2(1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2018.002.01.1
[44] ICO. Word coffee consumption. International Coffee Organization.