Work Sustainability: Challenges of Employment Environments for Factory Workers
Abstract
When factory industrial development occurs in a region, people’s livelihoods shift from the agrarian to the industrial sectors. The factory industry makes job opportunities available to people from all walks of life. The purpose of this research was to identify the strategies employed by factory workers to ensure their own survival. The study used qualitative descriptive methods. Research was conducted in Mojokerto Regency, Indonesia. The research used observations, interviews, and documentation. The findings were as follows: (1) survival mechanisms used by factory workers to meet their own needs are very diverse. They include doing side work, bringing family members to work, borrowing money from friends and cooperatives, and saving money for family expenses. They are all done to meet their own needs. (2) Workers’ attempts to keep working are carried out by operating various machines, demonstrating the best work abilities possible, following factory rules, and attempting to win the approval of superiors so that their employment contracts might be extended. They act in order to be able to survive in competition with other factory workers.
Keywords: factory workers, job opportunities, Mojokerto Regency, needs fulfilment
References
[1] Anggaunitakiranantika A. Interaksi buruh migran perempuan sebagai kekuatan modal sosial. Jurnal Sosiologi Pendidikan Humanis. 2017;2(1):33-40. https://doi.org/10.17977/um021v2i12017p033
[2] Anggaunitakiranantika A. Eksistensi home industry berbasis gender di Kota Malang. Jurnal Teori Dan Praksis Pembelajaran IPS. 2019;4(1):38-48. https://doi.org/10.17977/um022v4i12019p038
[3] Azizah RN, Zauhar S, Soeaidy MS. Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam mengurangi angka pengangguran di kabupaten sampang. Wacana, Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora. 2015;18(3) 15-25. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.wacana.2017.018.03.7
[4] Carrier JG. Moral economy: What’s in a name. Anthropological Theory. 18.1 (2018): 18-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1463499617735259
[5] Dharmawan AH. Sistem penghidupan dan nafkah pedesaan: Pandangan sosiologi nafkah (livelihood sociology) mazhab barat dan mazhab bogor. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan. 2007;1(2):169-192. https://doi.org/10.22500/sodality.v1i2.5932
[6] Dumairy D. Perekonomian Indonesia. Jakarta: Erlangga; 1997.
[7] Indroyono P, Suyatna H, Santosa A, Wibowo IA, Firdaus RSM. Democratic model for village economic resource management in Nglanggeran, Gunungkidul. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik. 2018;21(3) 215-230. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.28738
[8] Lexy J, Moleong DMA. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif edisi revisi. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya PT. Remaja Rosda Karya; 2019.
[9] Mills MB. From nimble fingers to raised fists: Women and labor activism in globalizing Thailand. Signs. 2005;3(1); 117-44. https://doi.org/10.1086/431370
[10] Naafs S. Meniti transisi dari sekolah menuju dunia kerja di kota industri Indonesia: Perempuan muda di cilegon. Jurnal Studi Pemuda. 2012;1(2):138–152.
[11] Pollert A. Women, work and equal opportunities in post-communist transition. Work, Employment and Society. 2003; 17(2):331-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017003017 002006
[12] Putnam R. Social capital: Measurement and consequences. Canadian Journal of Policy Research 2001 Mar;2(1):41-51.
[13] Rachmawatik EA. Mekanisme survival pekerja musiman (Studi deskriptif mengenai mekanisme pekerja musiman di pabrik gula gempolkrep, kecamatan gedeg, kabupaten mojokerto, Jawa Timur). Airlangga University, Surabaya; 2010
[14] Scott JC. Afterword to: Moral economies, state spaces, and categorical violence. American Anthropologist. 2005 Sep;107(3):395-402. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2005. 107.3.395
[15] Silvey R, Elmhirst R. Engendering social capital: Women workers and rural-urban networks in Indonesia’s crisis. World Development. 2003 May 1;31(5):865-79 . https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00013-5
[16] Sugiyono S. Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitaif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Penerbit Bandung : Alfabeta, 2008.
[17] Saputra A, Djohan S, Roy J. Pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat penganguran terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Mulawarman ( JIEM). 2022 Jul 20;7(2).
[18] Suyanto B. Kemiskinan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik.2001 Oct 4;14(4):25-42..
[19] Review of: Economic development in the Third World, fourth edition, by Michael P. Todaro. Population and Development Review. 1990;16(1):182-193. https://doi.org/10.2307/1972548
[20] Widodo B. Kebijakan kesempatan kerja. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara. 2011;11(1):40–49.
[21] Zainab B, Manning C. Angkatan kerja di Indonesia, partisipasi, kesempatan, dan pengangguran. Jakarta: Rajawali Press; 1984.