Relationship Between Daily Caffeine Intake and Menstrual Cycles in Young Adult Women
Abstract
Caffeine consumption is part of the lifestyle of students and adults. More than 80% of the world’s population consumes caffeine every day. In Indonesia, caffeine consumption nationally increases by 20% per year. The behavioral factor of consuming excessive caffeine in women can induce obesity symptoms, premenstrual syndrome miscarriage, and increased risk of bone density loss. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021 to identify the relationship between caffeine intake and the menstrual cycle in young adult women. The researchers administered a questionnaire about the menstrual cycle and daily caffeine intake to 107 female nursing students from the University of Muhammadiyah Malang who met the inclusion criteria. More than 70% of respondents were between 19-21 years old; more than half of them often consumed caffeine; and 73 respondents had normal menstrual cycles. The Spearman correlation test results showed that there was no relationship between caffeine consumption and menstrual cycles in the young adult women (p = 0.717).
Keywords: caffeine, menstrual cycle, nursing students, young adult women
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