Simulation of the Melting Process for Complex Nickel-containing Ferroalloys in Steel
Abstract
In this study, the melting process simulation for the complex nickel-, silicon-containing ferroalloys in a steel melt was performed. For the study, complex ferroalloys samples (∼ 10% Ni, 5–56% Si) were selected, by composition corresponding to the alloys, which can be smelted from poor Russian oxidized nickel ores. It is shown that all the alloys under consideration belong to the group of low-melting ferroalloys, in which the liquidus temperature (T
References
[1] State report About the state and application of mineral – raw materials in Russian Federation in 2015 Nickel (Report No. 2016. p. 131 – 140). Moscow: «Mineral – Info».
[2] Zhuchkov V.I., Leontiyev L.I., Selivanov E.N. et al. (2014). Prospects for the production of stainless steel using domestic chrome and nickel ferroalloys, in Proceedings of the international sci–practical conference «Modern trends in the field of theory and practice of extraction and processing of mineral and man–made raw materials”. Ekaterinburg: UMC UPI
[3] Zayakin O.V., Zhuchkov V.I. (2006). The obtaining of ferronickel from poor oxidized nickel ores. Stal’, no 2, pp. 31–33.
[4] Boyarko G.Yu., Hat’kov V.Yu (2018). Commodity flows of ferroalloys in Russia. Cherniye Metally, no 3, pp. 60–68.
[5] Zhuchkov V.I., Zayakin O.V., Maltsev Yu.B. (2001). The development of the technology for processing poor oxidized Nickel ores. Proceedings “New technologies and materials in Metallurgy”. Ekaterinburg.
[6] Zayakin O.V., Zhuchkov V.I. (2004) Technology of ferronickel production using the waste of aluminum industry. Proceedings of XII International Scientific Conference “Modern Problems of Steel Electrometallurgy”. Chelyabinsk: SUSU.
[7] Zayakin O.V. (2002) Development of the Rational Composition and technology for the Production of Nickel – containing ferroalloys from poor oxidized Nickel Ores. PhD dissertation, IMET UB RAS
[8] Khalezov B.D., Zayakin O.V., Gavrilov A.S. et al. (2017). Hydro–, pyrometallurgical way for obtaining alloys of the system Fe–Ni–Cr–Mn–Si. Butlerov communications, vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 111–117.
[9] Zayakin O.V., Zhuchkov V.I., Gal’perin L.L. (2004). Technology for the production of chromium–, nickelcontaining ferroalloys from Russian raw materials. Proceedings of the sci–practical conference “Chemistry and metallurgy: scientific and technical development for the industrial production”, Ekaterinburg: “Philanthrop”.
[10] Zhuchkov V.I., Zayakin O.V., Lozovaya E.Yu. et al. (2016). Study of the melting process for the Fe–Ni–Cr system alloys in the carbon – iron melt. Butlerov communications, v. 47, no. 8, pp. 56–62.
[11] Kazachkov I.P., Parimonchick I.V. (1973). Kinetics of ferroalloys melting. Izvestiya Vuzov. Chernaya Metallurgiya, no. 2, pp. 55–59.
[12] Agryropoulos S.A. (1984). Dissolution characteristics of ferroalloys in liquid steel. Iron and Steelmaker. no. 11, pp. 48–57.
[13] Zayakin O.V., Zhuchkov V.I., Lozovaya E. Yu. (2007). Time of melting for the nickel– containing ferroalloys in steel. Izvestiya Vuzov. Chernaya Metallurgiya, no. 5, pp. 13–16.
[14] Parimonchik I.B., Kazachkov I.P., Rezchik V.G. (1972). Simulation of the process for the ferroalloys dissolution in pouring ladle. Metallurgy and coke chemistry, no. 31, pp.62–65.
[15] Zhuchkov V.I., Zayakin O.V., Lozovaya E.Yu. et al. (2008). Study of the time of melting for the chromium containing ferroalloys in steel. Stal’, no. 8, p. 75.
[16] Ohno R. (1982). Steady–state rates of dissolution of stationary iron, cobalt and nickel cylinders in liquid cooper. Metallurgical Transactions, v.13B, pp.175–183.
[17] Agryropoulos S.A., Guthrie R.I.L. (1981). The influence of high exothermic neats of dissolution on the solution of solid alloy additions into molten bath of steel. Heat and Mass Transfer in Metallurgical System, pp. 20–28.
[18] Aoki T. (1978). Bullet shooting: an improved method of Al and Ca addition. Iron and steel International, v. 51, no. 5, pp. 307–317.
[19] Seaton C.E., Rodrigues A.A., Gonzales V. et al. (1983). The Rate of Dissolution of Pre– reduced Iron in Molten Steel. Transaction ISIJ, vol. 23, pp.14–20.
[20] Guthrie R.I.L. and Gourtsoyannis L. (1971). Melting Rates of Furnace or Laddle Additions in Steelmaking. Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, vol.10, no.1, pp.83–93.
[21] Ebneth G., Diener A., Plushkell W. (1978). Model computation on the injection of aluminum wire into steel melt. Arch. Eisenhutten, vol.49, no. 12, pp.563–568.
[22] Zayakin O.V., Zhuchkov V.I., Ostrovskiy Ya.I. (2008). The experience of the ferronickel production at “Serov Ferroalloys Plant”. Proceedings of scientific conference “Theory and practice of ferroalloys production”. Nizhniy Tagil: «Media – print».
[23] Zayakin O.V., Zhuchkov V.I. (2011). Technological aspects for obtaining the nickel– containing ferroalloys from poor oxidized nickel ores. Proceedings of international scientific–practical conference Abishev Readings – “Heterogeneous processes in enrichment and metallurgy”. Karaganda: «Karaganda polygraphy ».
[24] Zinoviev V.E. (1989). Thermophysical properties of metals at high temperatures. Moscow.: Metallurgiya.
[25] Zhuchkov V.I., Zayakin O.V., Maltsev Yu.B. (2001). Study of the temperatures of melting and density of nickel–containing ferroalloys. Rasplavy, no. 1, pp. 7–9.
[26] Bannyh O.A., Budberg P.B., Alisova S.P. et al. (1986). State diagram for binary and multicomponent systems based on iron. Moscow: Metallurgiya.
[27] Gasik M.I., Lyakishev N.P. (1999). Theory and technology of ferroalloys electrometallurgy. Moscow: Intermet Engineering.