Different Intakes of Energy and Protein in Stunted and Non-stunted Elementary School Children in Indonesia
Abstract
Stunting is a nutritional problem in Indonesia, especially in the coastal areas of the Dumai district in the Riau province. This study aimed to identify the stunting data from an elementary school in the Sungai Sembilan Dumai municipality, and the different average intakes of energy and protein in the stunted and non-stunted children. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design that evaluated 299 children between 5 and 14 years old. The participants were chosen using a random sampling technique. The stunting data was obtained using anthropometry, and the energy and protein intake data were obtained from a food record. The collected data were processed and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. There were 108
subjects (36.1%) who suffered from stunting, of which 15.7% were overweight and 10.2% were underweight. There was no significant difference in the average energy intakes between the stunted and non-stunted children (p=0.70). However, there was a significant difference in the average protein intakes between the stunted and nonstunted children (p=0.00). A low protein intake was a risk factor for the incidence of stunting in the primary school-aged children. Therefore, early detection is needed to reduce the incidence of stunting, mainly during the first 1,000 days of life.
Keywords: stunted, protein, energy, intake, children
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