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Ratnikov, V. Y. (2018). Anomalies and Pathology in the Bones of the Late Cenozoic Ectothermic Tetrapods. KnE Life Sciences, 4(3), 140–144. https://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v4i3.2115

https://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v4i3.2115

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  • V Y Ratnikov
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Published Date

  • May 3, 2018

Anomalies and Pathology in the Bones of the Late Cenozoic Ectothermic Tetrapods

KnE Life Sciences / The Second International Conference on Amphibian and Reptiles Anomalies and Pathology / Pages 140–144

Abstract

Anomalies and pathologies can be observed in fossil animals. Among these pathologies are tumors, callus in fractures and the underdevelopment of skeleton elements. Anomalies often occur in the spine and are represented by the fusion of the vertebrae, variations in the joints and the deformation of skeletal elements.
Sometimes anomalies and pathology combined in a single element of the skeleton. These anomalies and pathologies may not always be recognized in fossil material, especially if it is small in size. In this case, anomalies can be described as new taxa.

References
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[2] Kovalenko EE: The anomalies of vertebrate column in Anura. St Peterburg: Publishing house of St. Petersburg University; 1992 [in Russian].

[3] Ratnikov, VYu: Verkhnechetvertichnye gerpetofauny Belgorodskoy oblasti. Paleont. Zh. 1988, № 3: 119-122 [in Russian].

[4] Ratnikov, VYu: Tailless amphibians and landscape settings of the late Cenozoic in Western Transbaikalia. Russian Geology and Geophysics. 1997, 38, № 9: 1493-1500.