Application of Gold Nanoseeds in Surface- Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Detection of Urea
Abstract
This paper reports a study to detect urea by a homemade surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) sensor using gold- nanoseeds (AuNS). The nanoseeds were prepared by the first of two steps of the seed-mediated technique where the sizes of the nanoseeds were controlled through the heat treatment periods. It was demonstrated that gold- nanoseeds (AuNS) with the averages sizes of 15-20 nm can be utilized to enhance the Raman peaks intensities of urea. The enhancement intensities of the Raman peaks are linear with the urea concentrations where the lowest urea concentration that was detected using AuNS from this study is 0.0901 g/L.
References
[1] M. Tak, V. Gupta, and M. Tomar, A highly efficient urea detection using flower-like zinc oxide nanostructures, Mater Sci Eng C, 57, 38–48, (2015).
[2] B. Krajewska, Ureases I. Functional, catalytic and kinetic properties: A review, J Mol Catal, B Enzym, 59, 9–21, (2009).
[3] P. Kumar, P. R. Lambadi, and N. K. Navani, Non-enzymatic detection of urea using unmodified gold nanoparticles based aptasensor, Biosens Bioelectron, 72, 340–347, (2015).
[4] S. McAughtrie, K. Faulds, and D. Graham, Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): potential applications for disease detection and treatment, J Photochem Photobiol Photochem Rev, 21, 40–53, (2014).
[5] M. V. Chursonova, L. Germash, V. O. Yukhymchuk, V. M. Dzhagan, I. A. Khodasevich, and D. Cojoc, Optimization of porous silicon preparation technology for SERS applications, Appl Surf Sci, 256, 3369–3373, (2010).
[6] W. Haiss, N. TK. Thanh, J. Aveyard, and D. G. Fernig, Determination of size and concentration of gold nanoparticles from UV-vis spectra, Anal Chem, 79, 4215–4221, (2007).
[7] S. Hong and X. Li, Optimal size of gold nanoparticles for surface- enhanced Raman spectroscopy under different conditions, J Nanomater, 49, 1–9, (2013).