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Rafaela Moreira Gomes J, Maria de Braga Franco S. Near Vision Tasks and Optical Quality of the Eye. JOVR [Internet]. 2021Oct.25 [cited 2024Apr.27];16(4):620–630. Available from: https://knepublishing.com/index.php/JOVR/article/view/9753
https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v16i4.9753
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Jessica Rafaela Moreira Gomes
Jessica Rafaela Moreira Gomes
Centre of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
-
Sandra Maria de Braga Franco
Sandra Maria de Braga Franco
Centre of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
Published Date
- Oct 25, 2021
Near Vision Tasks and Optical Quality of the Eye
Abstract
Purpose: To study the effect of near-vision reading task on optical quality of the eye when performed on a computer monitor and on printed paper, and to identify which of the two results in greater changes.
Methods: Two groups of subjects performed a 30-min reading task in two different conditions: on a computer monitor and on printed paper. Ocular, corneal, and internal wavefront aberrations (Zernike coefficients up to 6th order), root-mean-square of low- and high-order aberrations, spherical equivalent, vectoral components of ocular astigmatism ( J45 and J0), and the compensation factor between internal and corneal aberrations were measured before and after the tasks. Their changes were analyzed in each group and between groups.
Results: Statistically significant changes in wavefront aberrations and in root mean square of low- and high-order aberrations were observed in both groups which was significantly greater when the task was performed on printed paper. Partial loss of compensation mechanism and variation in spherical equivalent in a negative direction occurred after both reading tasks; however, it was statistically significant only with printed paper reading task. The vectoral components of ocular astigmatism did not show statistically significant changes in either groups.
Conclusion: Near-vision reading tasks can change the optical quality of the eye, especially when the task is performed on printed paper.
Keywords:
Computer, Near-vision Task, Optical Quality, Paper, Wavefront Aberrations
References
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34. Guirao A, Gonzalez C, Redondo M, Geraghty E, Norrby S, Artal P. Average optical performance of the human eye as a function of age in a normal population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999;40:203–213.
35. Artal P, Ferro M, Miranda I, Navarro R. Effects of aging in retinal image quality. JOSA A 1993;10:1656–1662.
36. Benito A, Redondo M, Artal P. Laser in situ keratomileusis disrupts the aberration compensation mechanism of the human eye. Am J Ophthalmol 2009;147:424–431.
37. Guirao A, Redondo M, Geraghty E, Piers P, Norrby S, Artal P. Corneal optical aberrations and retinal image quality in patients in whom monofocal intraocular lenses were implanted. Arch Ophthalmol 2002;120:1143–1151.
38. Li X, Wang Y, Dou R. Aberration compensation between anterior and posterior corneal surfaces after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laserassisted laser in-situ keratomileusis. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2015;35:540–551.
39. Benjamin WJ. Borish’s clinical refraction [Internet]. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2006.
40. Piñero DP, López-Navarro A, Cabezos I, Fez D, Caballero MT, Camps VJ. Corneal topographic and aberrometric measurments obtained with a multidiagnostic device in healthy eyes: intrasession repeatability. J Ophthalmol 2017;2017:2149145
41. Sanchez I, Ortiz-Toquero S, Martin R. Intrasession repeatability and intersession reproducibility measurments using VX120 multidiagnostic unit. Eye Contact Lens 2018;44:S266–S272.
42. Thibos LN, Hong X, Bradley A, Applegate RA. Accuracy and precision of objective refraction from wavefront aberrations. J Vis 2004;4:329–351.
43. Ghosh A, Collins MJ, Read SA, Davis BA, Iskander DR. The influence of downward gaze and accommodation on ocular aberrations over time. J Vis 2011;11:17.
44. Tabernero J, Benito A, Alcón E, Artal P. Mechanism of compensation of aberrations in the human eye. J Opt Soc Am A 2007;24:3274–3283.
45. Nunes-pereira E, Miranda AM, Nunes-pereira EJ, Baskaran K, Macedo A. Eye movements, convergence distance and pupil-size when reading from smartphone, computer, print and tablet. SJOVS 2018;11:1.
46. Iida Y, Shimizu K, Ito MSM. Influence of age on ocular wavefront aberration changes with accommodation. J Refract Surg 2008;24:696–701.
47. Franco S, Gomes J. Real-time measurement of ocular wavefront aberrations in symptomatic subjects. Biomed Res Int 2018;2018. 48. Liang J, Williams DR. Aberrations and retinal image quality of the normal human eye. J Opt Soc Am A 1997;14:2873– 2883.
49. Artal P, Fernandez EJMS. Are optical aberrations during accommodation a significant problem for refractive surgery? J Refract Surg 2002;18:S563–S566.
50. Chen Q, Li M, Yuan Y, et al. Interaction between corneal and internal ocular aberrations induced by orthokeratology and its influential factors. Biomed Res Int 2017;3703854.
51. Vera-Díaz FA, Strang NC, Winn B. Nearwork induced transient myopia during myopia progression. Curr Eye Res 2002;24:289–295.
52. Ebenholtz SM. Accommodative hysteresis: a precursor for induced myopia? Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1983;24:513–515.
2. Rossignol AM, Morse EP, Summers VM, Pagnotto LD. Video display terminal use and reported health symptoms among massachusetts clerical workers. J Occup Med Off Publ Ind Med Assoc 1987;29:112–118.
3. Daum KM, Clore KA, Simms SS, Vesely JW, Wilczek DD, Spittle BM, Good GW. Productivity associated with visual status of computer users. Optometry 2004;75:33–47.
4. Wick B, Morse S. Accommodative accuracy to video display monitors: poster# 28. Optom Vis Sci 2002;79:218.
5. Collier JD, Rosenfield M. Accommodation and convergence during sustained computer work. Optometry 2011;82:434–440.
6. Rosenfield M, Gurevich R, Wickware E, Lay M. Computer vision syndrome: Accommodative and vergence facility. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50:5332.
7. Hue JE, Rosenfield M, Saá G. Reading from electronic devices versus hardcopy text. Work 2014;47:303–307.
8. Chu C, Rosenfield M, Portello JK, Benzoni JA, Collier JD. A comparison of symptoms after viewing text on a computer screen and hardcopy. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2011;31:29– 32.
9. Penisten DK, Goss DA, Philpott G, Pham A, West RW. Comparisons of dynamic retinoscopy measurements with a print card, a video display terminal, and a prio system tester as test targets. Optom Am Optom Assoc 2004;75:231–240.
10. Ferreira A, Lira M, Franco S. Accommodative and convergence response to computer screen and printed text. Int Soc Opt Photonics 2011;8001:800139.
11. Moulakaki AI, Recchioni A, Águila-Carrasco AJD, Esteve-Taboada JJ, Montés-Micó R. Assessing the accommodation response after near visual tasks using different handheld electronic devices. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2017;80:9–13.
12. Phamonvaechavan P, Nitiapinyasagul R. A comparison between effect of viewing text on computer screen and iPad ® on visual symptoms and functions. SMJ 2017;69:185–189.
13. Ehrlich DL. Near vision stress: vergence adaptation and accommodative fatigue. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1987;7:353–357.
14. Ong E, Ciuffreda KJ. Nearwork-induced transient myopia. Doc Ophthalmol 1995;91:57–85.
15. Ciuffreda KJ, Wallis DM. Myopes show increased susceptibility to nearwork aftereffects. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1998;39:1797–1803.
16. Golnik KC, Eggenberger E. Symptomatic corneal topographic change induced by reading in downgaze. J Neuro-Ophthalmology 2001;21:199–204.
17. Knoll HA. Bilateral monocular diplopia after near work. Optom Vis Sci 1975;52:139–140.
18. Buehren T, Collins MJ, Carney L. Corneal aberrations and reading. Optom Vis Sci 2003;80:159–166.
19. Buehren T, Collins MJ, Carney LG. Near work induced wavefront aberrations in myopia. Vision Res 2005;45:1297–1312.
20. Jimánez R, Cardenas D, González-Anera R, Jiménez JR, Vera J. Measuring mental workload: ocular astigmatism aberration as a novel objective index. Ergonomics 2018;61:506–516.
21. Wang Y, Shao Y, Yuan Y. Simultaneously measuring ocular aberration and anterior segment biometry during accommodation. J Innov Opt Health Sci 2015;8:1–6.
22. Cheng H, Barnett JK, Vilupuru AS, Marsack JD, Kasthurirangan S, Applegate RA, Roorda A. A with accommodation. J Vis 2004:272–280.
23. Press AIN. Wavefront aberrations in the accommodated human eye based on individual eye model. Optik 2007;118:271–277.
24. He JC, Burns SA, Marcos S. Monochromatic aberrations in the accommodated human eye. Vision Res 2000;40:41–48.
25. Ninomiya S, Fujikado T, Kuroda T. Changes of ocular aberration with accommodation. Eye Contact Lens 2002:924–926.
26. López-Gil N, Fernández-Sánchez V, Legras R, Montés- Micó R, Lara F, Nguyen-Khoa JL. Accommodationrelated changes in monochromatic aberrations of the human eye as a function of age. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:1736–1743.
27. Zhou X, Wang L, Zhou X, Yu Z-Q. Wavefront aberration changes caused by a gradient of increasing accommodation stimuli. Eye 2015;29:115–121.
28. Shi G, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Wei L, Lv F, Zhang Y. Measurement of ocular anterior segment dimension and wavefront aberration simultaneously during accommodation. J Biomed Opt 2012;17:120501.
29. Artal P, Guirao A. Contributions of the cornea and the lens to the aberrations of the human eye. Opt Lett 1998;23:1713–1715.
30. Artal P, Guirao A, Berrio E, Williams DR. Compensation of corneal aberrations by the internal optics in the human eye. J Vis 2001;1:1.
31. Kelly JE, Mihashi T, Howland HC. Compensation of corneal horizontal/vertical astigmatism, lateral coma, and spherical aberration by internal optics of the eye. J Vis 2004;4:2.
32. Artal P, Benito A, Tabernero J. The human eye is an example of robust optical design. J Vis 2006;6:1.
33. Lu F, Wu J, Shen Y, Qu J, Wang Q, Xu C, et al. On the compensation of horizontal coma aberrations in young human eyes. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2008;28:277–282.
34. Guirao A, Gonzalez C, Redondo M, Geraghty E, Norrby S, Artal P. Average optical performance of the human eye as a function of age in a normal population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999;40:203–213.
35. Artal P, Ferro M, Miranda I, Navarro R. Effects of aging in retinal image quality. JOSA A 1993;10:1656–1662.
36. Benito A, Redondo M, Artal P. Laser in situ keratomileusis disrupts the aberration compensation mechanism of the human eye. Am J Ophthalmol 2009;147:424–431.
37. Guirao A, Redondo M, Geraghty E, Piers P, Norrby S, Artal P. Corneal optical aberrations and retinal image quality in patients in whom monofocal intraocular lenses were implanted. Arch Ophthalmol 2002;120:1143–1151.
38. Li X, Wang Y, Dou R. Aberration compensation between anterior and posterior corneal surfaces after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laserassisted laser in-situ keratomileusis. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2015;35:540–551.
39. Benjamin WJ. Borish’s clinical refraction [Internet]. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2006.
40. Piñero DP, López-Navarro A, Cabezos I, Fez D, Caballero MT, Camps VJ. Corneal topographic and aberrometric measurments obtained with a multidiagnostic device in healthy eyes: intrasession repeatability. J Ophthalmol 2017;2017:2149145
41. Sanchez I, Ortiz-Toquero S, Martin R. Intrasession repeatability and intersession reproducibility measurments using VX120 multidiagnostic unit. Eye Contact Lens 2018;44:S266–S272.
42. Thibos LN, Hong X, Bradley A, Applegate RA. Accuracy and precision of objective refraction from wavefront aberrations. J Vis 2004;4:329–351.
43. Ghosh A, Collins MJ, Read SA, Davis BA, Iskander DR. The influence of downward gaze and accommodation on ocular aberrations over time. J Vis 2011;11:17.
44. Tabernero J, Benito A, Alcón E, Artal P. Mechanism of compensation of aberrations in the human eye. J Opt Soc Am A 2007;24:3274–3283.
45. Nunes-pereira E, Miranda AM, Nunes-pereira EJ, Baskaran K, Macedo A. Eye movements, convergence distance and pupil-size when reading from smartphone, computer, print and tablet. SJOVS 2018;11:1.
46. Iida Y, Shimizu K, Ito MSM. Influence of age on ocular wavefront aberration changes with accommodation. J Refract Surg 2008;24:696–701.
47. Franco S, Gomes J. Real-time measurement of ocular wavefront aberrations in symptomatic subjects. Biomed Res Int 2018;2018. 48. Liang J, Williams DR. Aberrations and retinal image quality of the normal human eye. J Opt Soc Am A 1997;14:2873– 2883.
49. Artal P, Fernandez EJMS. Are optical aberrations during accommodation a significant problem for refractive surgery? J Refract Surg 2002;18:S563–S566.
50. Chen Q, Li M, Yuan Y, et al. Interaction between corneal and internal ocular aberrations induced by orthokeratology and its influential factors. Biomed Res Int 2017;3703854.
51. Vera-Díaz FA, Strang NC, Winn B. Nearwork induced transient myopia during myopia progression. Curr Eye Res 2002;24:289–295.
52. Ebenholtz SM. Accommodative hysteresis: a precursor for induced myopia? Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1983;24:513–515.