Download fulltext HTML
1.
Lin JB, Sheybani A, Santeford A, Apte RS. Longitudinal Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) and Long-term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation in Glaucoma: A Pilot Study. JOVR [Internet]. 2021Jan.20 [cited 2024May5];16(1):21–27. Available from: https://knepublishing.com/index.php/JOVR/article/view/8245

https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v16i1.8245

statistics

  • 743 Abstract Views
  • 450 PDF Views
  • 0 HTML Views

authors

  • Jonathan B. Lin

    Jonathan B. Lin

    Departments of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Washington University, USA
  • Arsham Sheybani

    Arsham Sheybani

    Departments of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Washington University, USA
  • Andrea Santeford

    Andrea Santeford

    Departments of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Washington University, USA
  • Rajendra S. Apte

    Rajendra S. Apte

    Departments of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Washington University, USA

Published Date

  • Jan 20, 2021
This journal is publishing all the articles under Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

Longitudinal Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) and Long-term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation in Glaucoma: A Pilot Study

Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research (JOVR) / January–March 2021, Volume 16, Issue 1 / Pages 21–27

Abstract

Purpose: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) was previously identified as a molecular marker of retinal ganglion cell stress in rodent models of glaucoma and was elevated in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma as a possible risk factor for glaucoma progression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in the AH GDF15 levels were associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) changes in eyes undergoing glaucoma surgery.


Methods: Here, we performed a prospective, longitudinal pilot study in nine patients to determine whether changes in AH GDF15 levels from surgery to post-surgery follow-up were associated with IOP fluctuation. An initial AH sample was taken from the peripheral corneal paracentesis during planned glaucoma surgery, and a second sample was taken during an outpatient follow-up visit, approximately six months later.


Results: There was a statistically significant correlation between GDF15 fold change and IOP standard deviation (r = 0.87, P = 0.003), IOP range (r = 0.87, P = 0.003), and maximum IOP (r = 0.86, P = 0.003). There was no correlation between the GDF15 fold change and baseline IOP (r = 0.50, P = 0.17), final IOP (r = 0.038, P = 0.92), or mean IOP (r = 0.40, P = 0.28).


Conclusion: Our findings in this pilot study suggest that longitudinal changes in AH GDF15 may be associated with IOP fluctuation during the postoperative period. Further studies are necessary to corroborate these findings in a larger patient population and to explore the possibility that AH GDF15 may be used not only to improve treatment algorithms but also as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials.

Keywords:

GDF15, Glaucoma, Neurodegeneration, Molecular Markers

References
1. Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol 2006;90:262–267.

2. Ban N, Siegfried CJ, Apte RS. Monitoring Neurodegeneration in glaucoma: therapeutic implications. Trends Mol Med 2018;24:7–17.

3. Ban N, Siegfried CJ, Lin JB, Shui Y-B, Sein J, Pita-Thomas W, et al. GDF15 is elevated in mice following retinal ganglion cell death and in glaucoma patients. JCI Insight 2017;2: e91455.

4. Caprioli J, Coleman AL. Intraocular pressure fluctuation a risk factor for visual field progression at low intraocular pressures in the advanced glaucoma intervention study. Ophthalmology 2008;115:1123–1129.e3.

5. Nouri-Mahdavi K, et al. Predictive factors for glaucomatous visual field progression in the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study. Ophthalmology 2004;111:1627–1635.

6. Musch DC, et al. Intraocular pressure control and longterm visual field loss in the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study. Ophthalmology 2011;118:1766– 1773.

7. Fujino Y, et al. Evaluation of glaucoma progression in large-scale clinical data: the Japanese Archive of Multicentral Databases in Glaucoma ( JAMDIG). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2016;57:2012–2020.

8. Kim JH, Caprioli J. Intraocular pressure fluctuation: is it important? J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018;13:170–174.

9. Dunbar GE, Shen BY, Aref AA. The Sensimed Triggerfish contact lens sensor: efficacy, safety, and patient perspectives. Clin Ophthalmol 2017;11:875–882.

10. Bhattacharya SK, Lee RK, Grus FH, Group, the Seventh ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmics Research Institute Conference Working Group. Molecular biomarkers in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013;54:121.

11. Medeiros FA. Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: lessons learned from glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017;58:BIO20–BIO26.

12. Lindholm D, et al. Association of multiple biomarkers with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality after acute coronary syndromes: a secondary analysis of the PLATO biomarker study. JAMA Cardiol 2018;3:1160–1166.

13. Maetzler W, et al. GDF15/MIC1 and MMP9 cerebrospinal fluid levels in Parkinson’s disease and lewy body dementia. PLOS ONE 2016;11:e0149349.

14. Tamhane M, Cabrera-Ghayouri S, Abelian G, Viswanath V. Review of biomarkers in ocular matrices: challenges and opportunities. Pharm Res 2019;36:40.

15. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang A-G. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods 2009;41:1149– 1160.