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Rajavi Z, Behradfar N, Sharahi Dizabadi M, Kheiri B, Sheibani K, Sabbaghi H. Visual and Ocular Characteristics of Anisometropic Children. JOVR [Internet]. 2024Jun.21 [cited 2024Jun.30];19(2):196–204. Available from: https://knepublishing.com/index.php/JOVR/article/view/12413

https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v19i2.12413

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authors

  • Zhale Rajavi

    Zhale Rajavi

    Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Narges Behradfar

    Narges Behradfar

    Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Marzieh Sharahi Dizabadi

    Marzieh Sharahi Dizabadi

    Department of Optometry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-5032
  • Bahareh Kheiri

    Bahareh Kheiri

    Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-8104
  • Kourosh Sheibani

    Kourosh Sheibani

    Basir Eye Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Hamideh Sabbaghi

    Hamideh Sabbaghi

    Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Published Date

  • Jun 21, 2024
This journal is publishing all the articles under Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

Visual and Ocular Characteristics of Anisometropic Children

Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research (JOVR) / Apr–Jun 2024, Volume 19, Issue 2 / Pages 196–204

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the demographic and ocular characteristics of patients with low and high levels of anisometropia compared with non-anisometropic individuals.


Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1803 individuals (age range, 1 to 30 years) examined at strabismus clinics between January 2019 and December 2020. Of these, 203 subjects had anisometropia (11.2%); 66 cases were excluded due to the history of prior ocular surgery except from strabismus surgery. Finally, data from 137 subjects were analyzed. Spherical or cylindrical differences of 1.50 or 3.00D between the two eyes were defined as low or high anisometropia, respectively, and isometropic subjects (n = 1600) served as controls.


Results: No significant difference was observed between cases and controls regarding age (10.25 ± 8.41 vs. 9.2 ± 1.7 years; P = 0.133) and sex (P = 0.051). History of ocular surgery was present in 33% of anisometropic patients versus 0.8 % of isometropic cases. The rate of amblyopia was 83% and 2.3% in anisometropic and non-anisometropic groups, respectively. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was comparable in amblyopic eyes in both study groups, while BCVA of nonamblyopic eyes of non-anisometropic subjects was better (non-anisometropic: 0.01 ± 0.01 vs. anisometropic: 0.06 ± 0.17 LogMAR; P = 0.001). Eye deviation was significantly more prevalent among anisometropic patients (36.5% vs. 3.25%, P < 0.001) and exotropia was the common type of deviation. Anisohyperopia and anisomyopia were the most common refractive errors under low and high anisometropia categories, respectively. Simultaneous manifestation of amblyopia and strabismus were observed in 30.6% of anisometropic cases, while only 0.7% of subjects with isometropia had a similar status (P < 0.001).


Conclusion: High rates of amblyopia and strabismus in anisometropic subjects, especially with higher degrees of anomaly, indicate the necessity of early visual acuity and refractive error screening to improve detection and enhance the outcomes of treatment.

Keywords:

Anisometropia, Demographic Factors, Hyperopia, Myopia

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