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John Spanoudaki, M., Theodoros Cheimaras, A., Pavlos Papadopoulou, M., & Dimitrios Rountos, P. (2022). Association of PC Use and TV Viewing Hours with Women’s Recreational Physical Activity and Its Impact on Their Obesity Indices. Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise (AJNE), 6(1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.18502/ajne.v6i1.10062
https://doi.org/10.18502/ajne.v6i1.10062
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authors
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Maria John Spanoudaki
Maria John Spanoudaki
Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Antonios Theodoros Cheimaras
Antonios Theodoros Cheimaras
International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece
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Maria Pavlos Papadopoulou
Maria Pavlos Papadopoulou
International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece
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Prokopios Dimitrios Rountos
Prokopios Dimitrios Rountos
Hellenic Open University, Patra, Greece
Published Date
- Jan 14, 2022
Association of PC Use and TV Viewing Hours with Women’s Recreational Physical Activity and Its Impact on Their Obesity Indices
Abstract
Background: Television (TV) viewing and computer (PC) use have been associated with poor health outcomes.
Aim: To investigate the association of TV viewing and PC use with recreational physical activity energy expenditure (RPAEE), obesity indices, physical activity levels (PAL) and body fat percentage (BF%) of adult women.
Methods: Bodyweight (BW), height, waist (WC) and hip (HC) circumferences of 150 adult women were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. The BF% was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The Athens Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PAL, RPAE, TV viewing and PC hours.
Results: The majority of women (53%) were overweight and obese, watched TV for >14 hr/wk (59%), and almost half (47%) of them used computers for >1 hr/day. Slightly more than half of them (54%) had a sedentary lifestyle and reported exercise participation for <2 hr/wk. No walking for leisure was reported by one-third of the subjects, while an alarming low percentage (0.7%) walked only 2.5 hr/wk. No participation in informal physical activity was reported by 69%. RPAEE was estimated at 982 ± 973 kcal/wk and negatively correlated to TV-watching hours (r = –0.31, p < 0.05), computer use (r = –0.3, p < 0.05), BMI (r = –0.44, p < 0.01), BW (r = –0.44, p < 0.01), WC (r = –0.41, p < 0.01), WHR (r = –0.31, p = 0.01). Moreover, RPAEE and BF% were negatively correlated (r = –0.44, p < 0.01). BF% was associated with long hours of PC use and TV watching (R2 = 0.11, F1.148 = 17.94, p = 0.00; R2 = 0.14, F1.148 = 5.4, p = 0.002).
Conclusion: Screen use affecting obesity indices seemed to overrun recreational time for physical activity participation and dominate women’s lifestyle. Further research targeting behavioral change practices is recommended.
Keywords: obesity, women, physical activity, recreational physical activity expenditure
References
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[26] Kim YJ, Han SH, Yang BM. Implication of high-body-fat percentage on cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged, healthy, normal-weight adults. Obesity. 2013;21(8):1571–1577.
[27] Gallagher D, Heymsfield SB, Heo M, Jebb S, Murgatroyd PR, Sakamoto Y. Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index 1–3. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2000;72(3):694–701.
[28] Hassapidou M, Papadopoulou S, Vlahavas G, Kapantais E, Kaklamanou D, Pagkalos I, et al. Association of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle patterns with obesity and cardiometabolic comorbidities in Greek adults: Data from the National Epidemiological Survey. Hormones. 2013;12(2):265–274.
[29] Williams D, Raynor H, Ciccolo JT. A review of TV viewing and its association with health outcomes in adults. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2008;3(2):250–259.
[30] Yannakoulia M, Karayiannis D, Terzidou M, Kokkevi A, Sidossis LS. Nutrition-related habits of Greek adolescents. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2004;58(4):580–586.
[31] Bertrais S, Ondoua JPB, Czernichow S, Galan P, Hercberg S, Oppert JM. Sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged French subjects. Obesity Research. 2005;13(5), 936–944.
[32] Jakicic JM, Powell KE, Campbell WW, Dipietro L, Pate RR, Pescatello LS, et al. Physical activity and the prevention of weight gain in adults: A systematic review. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2019;51(6):1262–1269.
[33] Donnelly JE, Blair SN, Jakicic JM, Manore M, Rankin JW, Smith B. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. The American College of Sports Medicine. 2009;41(2):459–471.
[2] Granger E, Nardo F, Harrison A, Patterson L, Holmes R, Verma A. A systematic review of the relationship of physical activity and health status in adolescents. European Journal of Public Health. 2017;27(2):100–106.
[3] Eduards ES, Sackett SC. Psychosocial variables related to why women are less active than men and related health implications. Clinical Medicine of Omen Health. 2016;9(1):47–56.
[4] Tauqeer Z, Gomez G, Fatima S. Obesity in women: Insights for the clinician. Journal of Women’s Health. 2018;27(4):444–457.
[5] Ghose B. Frequency of TV viewing and prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult women in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2016;7(1):1–7.
[6] Roditis ML, Parlapani ES, Tzotzas T, Hassapidou M, Krassas GE. Epidemiology and predisposing factors of obesity in Greece: From the Second World War until today. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2009;22(5):389–405.
[7] Kenney E, Gortmaker S. United States adolescents' television, computer, videogame, smartphone, and tablet use: Associations with sugary drinks, sleep, physical activity, and obesity. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2017;182:144–149.
[8] Stoner L, Rowlands D, Morrison A, Credeur D, Hamlin M, Gaffney K, et al. Efficacy of exercise intervention for weight loss in overweight and obese adolescents: Meta-analysis and implications. Sports Medicine. 2016;46(11):1737–1751.
[9] Vandelanotte C, Sugiyama T, Gardiner P, Owen N. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2009;11(3):1–8.
[10] Houser SH, Joseph R, Puro N, Darrell E. Use of technology in the management of obesity: A literature review. Perspectives in Health Information Management. 2019;16(Fall):1c.
[11] Chaua JY, Grunseita A, Midthjellb K, Holmenb J, Holmenb TL, Baumana AE, et al. Cross-sectional associations of total sitting and leisure screen time with cardiometabolic risk in adults. Results from the HUNT Study Norway. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2013;17(1):78–84.
[12] Omar Α, Husain ΜΝ, Jamil AT, Nor M, Ambak R, Fazliana M, et al. Effect of physical activity on fasting blood glucose and lipid profile among low income housewives in the MyBFF@home study. BMC Women's Health. 2018;18(1):79–98.
[13] Rezende LFM, Lopes MR, Lopez JPR, Matsudo VKR, Luiz OC. Sedentary behavior and health outcomes: An overview of systematic reviews. PLOS One. 2014;9(8):1–7.
[14] Rodulfo J. Sedentary lifestyle a disease from XXI century. Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis. 2019;31(5):233–240.
[15] Biddle SJH, García EB, Pedisic Z, Bennie J, Vergeer I, Wiesner G. Screen time, other sedentary behaviours, and obesity risking adults: A review of reviews. Current Obesity Report. 2017;6(2):134–147.
[16] Ofori EK, Angmorterth SK. Relationship between physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile of students in Ghana. Pan African Medical Journal. 2019;33(30):1–8.
[17] Smith L, Fisher A, Hamer M. Television viewing time and risk of incident obesity and central obesity: the English longitudinal study of ageing. BMC Obesity. 2015;2(12):1–5.
[18] Heidi R, Kyngas H, Tammelin T, Kaariainen M. Systematic review of physical activity and exercise interventions on body mass indices, subsequent physical activity and psychological symptoms in overweight and obese adolescents. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2015;71(11):2461–2477.
[19] Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee I-M, et al. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. American College of Sports Medicine. 2011;43(7):1334–1359.
[20] Davison KK, Marshall SJ, Birch LL. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between tv viewing and girls’ body mass index, overweight status, and percentage of body fat. Journal of Pediatrics. 2006;149(1):1–11.
[21] Kavouras S, Maraki MI, Kollia M, Gioxari A, Jansen LT, Sidossis LS. Development, reliability and validity of a physical activity questionnaire for estimating energy expenditure in Greek adults. Science and Sports. 2016;31(3):e47–e53.
[22] Codina N, Pestana JV. Time matters differently in leisure experience for men and women: leisure dedication and time perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019;16(14):1–11.
[23] Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Lentzas Y, Skoumas Y, Papadimitriou L, Zeimbekis A, et al. Determinants of physical inactivity among men and women from Greece: A 5-year follow-up of the ATTICA. Study Annals of Epidemiology. 2008;18(5):387–394.
[24] Hu FB, Li TY, Colditz GA, Willet WC, Manson JE. Television watching and other sedentary behaviors in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. JAMA. 2003;289(14):1785–1791.
[25] Verghese J, Lipton RB, Katz MJ, Hall CB, Derby CA, Kuslansky G, Ambrose AF, et al. Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;348(25):2508–2516.
[26] Kim YJ, Han SH, Yang BM. Implication of high-body-fat percentage on cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged, healthy, normal-weight adults. Obesity. 2013;21(8):1571–1577.
[27] Gallagher D, Heymsfield SB, Heo M, Jebb S, Murgatroyd PR, Sakamoto Y. Healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index 1–3. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2000;72(3):694–701.
[28] Hassapidou M, Papadopoulou S, Vlahavas G, Kapantais E, Kaklamanou D, Pagkalos I, et al. Association of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle patterns with obesity and cardiometabolic comorbidities in Greek adults: Data from the National Epidemiological Survey. Hormones. 2013;12(2):265–274.
[29] Williams D, Raynor H, Ciccolo JT. A review of TV viewing and its association with health outcomes in adults. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2008;3(2):250–259.
[30] Yannakoulia M, Karayiannis D, Terzidou M, Kokkevi A, Sidossis LS. Nutrition-related habits of Greek adolescents. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2004;58(4):580–586.
[31] Bertrais S, Ondoua JPB, Czernichow S, Galan P, Hercberg S, Oppert JM. Sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged French subjects. Obesity Research. 2005;13(5), 936–944.
[32] Jakicic JM, Powell KE, Campbell WW, Dipietro L, Pate RR, Pescatello LS, et al. Physical activity and the prevention of weight gain in adults: A systematic review. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2019;51(6):1262–1269.
[33] Donnelly JE, Blair SN, Jakicic JM, Manore M, Rankin JW, Smith B. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. The American College of Sports Medicine. 2009;41(2):459–471.