Download fulltext HTML

https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i2.11429

statistics

  • 221 Abstract Views
  • 172 PDF Views
  • 0 HTML Views

authors

  • Vallejo L

    Vallejo L

    Escuela de Mercadotecnia, Facultad de Administración de Empresas, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Dirección postal.
  • Samaniego R

    Samaniego R

    Escuela de Contabilidad y auditoría, Facultad de Administración de Empresas, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo.
  • Barba E

    Barba E

    Carrera de Pedagogía de la Historia y Ciencias Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Humanas y Tecnologías, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo.

Published Date

  • Jun 29, 2022

Emotions Generated by the COVID-19 Pandemic

ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. / Volume 2, Issue 2 / Pages 809-827

Abstract

To talk about the changes that a pandemic cause in the emotions and feelings in human beings is to enter a decisive world for their contextual behavior. The objective is to analyze the emotions and feelings generated by the COVID-19 pandemic in Chimborazo - Ecuador in three phases or waves (i) beginning on March 16, 2020 to June 30, 2020 with a duration of four months of isolation, (ii ) July 2020 – March 2021, (iii) April 2021 in the vaccination process. The survey and interviews with open questions were applied to identify the emotions and feelings in the face of COVID-19, the results were in the surveyed population that: feels uncertainty, fear, sadness and anguish, but a culture of own responsibility and that of the other also arises, and a culture of caring. Also, positive feelings such as: union in the family, solidarity and empathy stand out. It is concluded that emotions are an important part of mental health and these are differentiated according to sex, age, educational level, perceived health, risk group and perceived comfort at home. The COVID-19 pandemic has linked feelings and created emotions; Their subjective and social impact are similar in population groups in different countries of the world, therefore, they must be considered in the planning of health policies to face COVID-19.


Keywords: mental health, coronavirus, pandemic, emotions, emotional evaluation, health policies.


Resumen


Hablar de los cambios que ocasiona una pandemia en las emociones y sentimientos en los seres humanos es introducirse en un mundo decisorio para su comportamiento contextual. El objetivo es analizar las emociones y sentimientos generadas por pandemia COVID-19 en Chimborazo – Ecuador en tres fases u olas (i)inicio el 16/marzo/2020 al 30 de junio/2020 con una duración de cuatro meses de aislamiento, (ii) julio 2020–marzo 2021, (iii) abril 2021 en el proceso de vacunación. Se aplicó la encuesta y entrevistas con preguntas abiertas para identificar las emociones y sentimientos frente al COVID-19, los resultados fueron en la población encuestada que: siente incertidumbre, miedo, tristeza y angustia, pero también surge una cultura de responsabilidad propia y del otro, y una cultura de cuidado. Así también, se destacan sentimientos positivos como: unión en la familia, solidaridad y empatía. Se concluye, que las emociones son parte importante de la salud mental y estas se diferencian según el sexo, edad, el nivel educativo, salud percibida, grupo de riesgo y el confort percibido en el hogar. La pandemia COVID-19, ha vinculado los sentimientos y creado emociones; su impacto subjetivo y social se asemejan en los grupos poblacionales en diversos países del mundo, por tanto, deben ser consideradas en la planificación de políticas de salud para frenar el COVID-19.


Palabras Clave: salud mental, coronavirus, pandemia, emociones, evaluación emocional, políticas de salud.

References
[1] Alocución de apertura del Director General de la OMS en la rueda de prensa sobre la COVID-19.

[2] Organización Mundial de la salud. 11 de marzo. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/dg/speeches/ detail/who-director-general-s-openingremarks- at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19 11-march-2020; 2020.

[3] Taylor S. The Psychology of Pandemics: Preparing for the Next Global Outbreak of Infectious Disease. Cam- bridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing; 2019.

[4] World Health Organization (WHO). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, 18 Abril 2020. World Health Organization. [acceso 2020 Abril 15]. Disponible: https://apps.who. int/iris/handle/10665/331490.

[5] Ecuador. Ministerio de la Salud (MS). COVID-19 Recomendaciones para la asistencia y continuidad de la atención ambulatoria en salud mental durante la pandemia. 1 de abril de 2020. Disponible en: http://www.msal.gob.ar/images/stories/ bes/graficos/0000001885cnt-covid-19_recomenda-ciones-asistencia-atencionambulatoria- salud-men- tal.pdf

[6] Stankovska G, Memedi I, Dimitrovski D. Coronavirus COVID-19 Disease, mental Health and Psychosocial Support. Society Register 2020; 4(2):33-48.

[7] Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, Rubin G. J. The psychological im- pact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 2020; 395(10227):912-920.

[8] Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, Ho RC. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17(5):1729.

[9] Shigemura J, Ursano RJ, Morganstein JC, Kurosawa M, Benedek DM. Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019UnCoV) in Japan: mental health consequences and target populations. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. No prelo 2020.

[10] Inchausti F, MacBeth A, Hasson-Ohayon I, Dimag- gio G. Psychological intervention and COVID-19: what we know so far and what we can do. 2020. Disponible en: https: //www.researchgate.net/profile/Felix_Inchausti/publica-tion/340377032_Psychological_intervention_ and_COVID-19_What_we_know_so_far_and_what_we_can_do/links/5e85a36792851c2f52745b66/ Psychological-intervention-and-COVID-19-What-we-know-so-far-and-what-we-can-do.pdf

[11] Dong L, Bouey J. (2020). Public mental health crisis during COVID-19 pandemic, China. Emerg Infect Dis; 26 (7).

[12] Duan L, Zhu G. (2020). Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID- 19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry; 7(4):300-302.

[13] Ho CS, Chee CY, Ho RC. (2020). Mental health strategies to combat the psychological impact of COVID-19 be- yond paranoia and panic. Ann Acad Med Singapore; 49(1):1-3.

[14] Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPAS), (2016). Unidad de Salud Mental y Uso de Sustancias (OPS/OMS). Protección de la salud mental y atención psicosocial en situaciones de epidemias. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/disasters/index. php?option=com_docman&view=download&cat- egory_slug=informestecnicos& alias=2539-pro-teccion-salud-mental-atencion-psicosocial-situa-cionesepidemias- 2016-539&Itemid=1179&lang=en

[15] WHO Regional Office for Europe. COVID-19 Snap- shot Monitoring (COSMO): Monitoring knowledge, risk perceptions, preventive behaviours, and public trust in the current coronavirus outbreak. København: WHO Europe 2020; 2020.

[16] Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res; 15(9):1277-1288; 2005.

[17] Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian J Psychiatr; 102083; 2020.

[18] Harper CA, Satchell L, Fido D, Latzman R. Func- tional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv [Periódico en internet]. Disponible en: https://psyarxiv.com/jkfu3/

[19] Mamzer H. Postmodern Society and COVID-19 Pandemic: old, new and scary. Society Register 2020; 4(2):7-18; 2020.

[20] Shultz JM, Cooper JL, Baingana F, Oquendo MA, Es- pinel Z, Althouse BM, Mazurik L. The role of fear-re- lated behaviors in the 2013–2016 West Africa Ebola virus disease outbreak. Curr Psychiatry Rep; 18(11):104; 2016.

[21] Ahmed S. La política cultural de las emociones. Méxi- co: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pro- grama Universitario de Estudios de Género; 2015.

[22] Davis M, Flowers P, Lohm D, Stephenson N. Immu- nity, biopolitics and pandemics: Public and indi- vidual responses to the threat to life. Body Soc; 22(4):130-154; 2016.

[23] Perrin PC, McCabe OL, Everly GS, Links JM. (2009). Preparing for an influenza pandemic: mental health considerations. Prehosp Disaster Med; 24(3):223-230.

[24] Manstead AS. The psychology of social class: How socioeconomic status impacts thought, feelings, and behaviour. Br J Soc Psychol; 57(2):267-291; 2018.

[25] De Boise S, Hearn J. Are men getting more emotional? Critical sociological perspectives on men, masculini- ties and emotions. Sociol Rev; 65(4):779-796; 2017.

[26] Wester SR, Vogel DL, Pressly PK, Heesacker M. Sex differences in emotion: A critical review of the literature and implications for counseling psychology. Couns Psychol; 30(4):630-652.

[27] Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) (2020). COVID-19 en América Latina y el Caribe: cómo incorporar a las mujeres y la igualdad de género en la gestión de la respuesta a la crisis. Brief v.1.1, 2020. Disponible en: https://lac.unwomen.org/es/ digiteca/publicaciones/2020/03/covid-como-incorporar- a-las-mujeres-y-la-igualdad-de-genero; 2020.

[28] Lima DLF, Dias AA, Rabelo RS, Cruz ID, Costa SC, Nigri FMN, Neri JR. COVID-19 no Estado do Ceará: Comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia. Cien Saude Colet; 25(5):1575-1586.

[29] World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Gender and Health in Natural Disasters. Adapted from: Gender and Health in Disasters. Geneva: WHO; 2020.

[30] Johnson M; Saletti-Cuesta, L; Tumas N. Emotions, concerns and reflections regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina; Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25(Supl.1):2447- 2456, 2020; p. 2447-2456; 2020.