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https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v2i2.11395

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authors

  • Ashley Carolina Cuzco Macias

    Ashley Carolina Cuzco Macias

    Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Riobamba, Ecuador
  • Leslie Gricel Cuzco Macias

    Leslie Gricel Cuzco Macias

    Centro de Salud Tipo B Guano, Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP), Guano, Ecuador

Published Date

  • Jun 29, 2022

Physiological Changes in Pregnant Women and Their Implications in Anesthetic Applications

ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. / Volume 2, Issue 2 / Pages 247-263

Abstract

Pregnancy is accompanied by important physiological changes that must be known for proper anesthetic management. This review aims to summarize the main physiological changes that occur during pregnancy and their implications in anesthetic management. Accordingly, a non-systematic bibliographic review was carried out in the following databases: COCHRANE, PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, among others, for reviews and meta-analyses published between 2015 and 2020. In total, 39 bibliographic sources on the subject were found, of which 36 scientific articles that provided relevant information were used. It was found that the knowledge of the various physiological changes that occur during pregnancy is crucial in anesthetic management, considering that adequate preparation of equipment, medications, availability of qualified anesthesiologists, and modification of anesthetic technique to adapt to these are needed for the successful performance of procedures during pregnancy, thus, reducing complications and maternal–fetal morbidity and mortality.


Keywords: Pregnant, Physiological, Drugs, Uteroplacental.


Resumen


El embarazo va acompañado de cambios fisiológicos importantes que se debe conocer para el adecuado manejo anestésico, en consecuencia, la presente revisión tiene como objetivo resumir las principales modificaciones fisiológicas durante la gestación y su implicación en las aplicaciones anestésicas. Para lo cual, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica no sistemática en las siguientes bases de datos: COCHRANE, PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, entre otros, con revisiones y meta-análisis desde el año 2015 hasta el 2020. Como resultado de la búsqueda se encontraron 39 fuentes bibliográficas referentes al tema, de los cuales se emplearon 36 artículos científicos que aportaron información relevante. Destacándose que el conocimiento de los diversos cambios fisiológicos que ocurren durante el embarazo es crucial en el manejo anestésico, considerando que la preparación adecuada del equipo, los medicamentos, la disponibilidad de anestesiólogos calificados y la modificación de la técnica anestésica para adaptarse a estos cambios son indispensables para la realización exitosa de procedimientos durante el embarazo, contribuyendo así a la disminución de complicaciones y en la morbilidad y mortalidad materno-fetal.


Palabras Clave: Embarazada, Fisiológico, Fármacos, Uteroplacentaria.

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