Giving Probiotic for a Better Therapy of Bacterial Vaginosis
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common problem in women that is characterized by a decreased colonization of Lactobacillus in the vagina. Such condition may lead to various complications including endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, miscarriage, preterm birth, chorioamnionitis, premature rupture of the membrane, postpartum endometritis and increasing failure of in vitro fertilization. Treating BV using antimicrobials is
somehow effective but often causes recurrences and antibiotic resistance. This paper examines the use of probiotic consisting of Lactobacillus spp. for the treatment of BV by conducting a systematic review of research articles published in online databases. After the review process, there are 18 articles with a total of 2,442 women as participants selected in this present report. There are six mechanisms involved in BV treatment using probiotic; i.e., (1) competition mechanism with pathogens, (2) stabilization of mucin layer, (3) production of antibacterial substances for killing and preventing the colonization of pathogenic bacteria, (4) reduction of the vaginal pH, (5) stimulation of the immune system, and (6) restoration of vaginal homeostasis. Previous studies were evaluated and the findings suggest that probiotics are better than antimicrobials in treating BV due to the absence of reported side effects. In addition, giving probiotics especially Lactobacillus sp. can be a better therapy of BV.
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