The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on the Level of Sleepiness, Fatigue, and Stress on Experiment Using Driving Simulator
Abstract
Sleep prior to driving has been discussed widely in fatigue driving research focusing on how it affected driver on duty. This study is intended to compare the impact of prior normal sleep hour and sleep reduction during long-duration driving to subjective sleepiness, fatigue and stress level. To aim this objective, within-subject 2 x 2
experiments was conducted (4 experiments condition). Sleep hour variable consists of ± 4 hours (var11) and ± 8 hours sleep (var12) before driving, and long duration driving consist of non-stop 5 hours driving (var21) ended with 60 minutes rest, and 2.5 hour driving x 2 sessions (var22) with 30 minutes break between session and ended with 30 minutes rest. Driving task conducted in laboratory started at ± 7 am to ± 1 pm using a simulator that set to highway and city route randomly. Thirteen participants were involved in these four experiments, each of them conducted in a different day in random fashion. Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS/scale 1–9) and Visual Analogue Scale (0–10) were applied to rated subjective sleepiness and fatigue level, and saliva amylase was used to measure the participants’ stress level that was collected using Cocoro meter nipro. The result showed that sleepiness and fatigue level under sleep reduction condition was relatively higher compared to the normal sleep condition, while saliva amylase test result slightly increases after experiments, but cannot be
categorized into stress condition yet. The conclusion is a duration and sleep hours before driving factors were induced fatigue, sleepiness and stress to driver, but lack of sleep has a higher impact compare to driving duration. Further research with another profession may give different results.
Keywords: driving simulator, fatigue from driving, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, sleep deprivation, stress level
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