THE EFFECT OF RAMBUTAN (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i> L.) PEEL EXTRACT ON LIPID PEROXIDATION IN LIVER OF OBESE RATS
Abstract
Lipid accumulation is main cause of obesity which then may cause liver damage due to a high oxidative stress. The oxidative stress in cell can cause lipid peroxidation. This process can be prevented by giving the external antioxidants. Previous study reported that rambutan peel extract reduced mice body weight and several adipogenesis parameters in visceral lipid. The objective of this research was to study the effect of rambutan peel extract on lipid peroxidation and accumulation in the liver of obese rats. The research was arranged in a complete randomized design (CRD). The experimental animals used were male Wistar rat aged 13 weeks weighed 310-340 gram which grouped into 5 groups; each group was given 15mg/kgbw, 30mg/kgbw, 60mg/kgbw, distilled water (C+), or nothing (C-). The extract was given per oral once every two days. The observed parameter are MDA levels and PPAR. expression. At week 12th the animals were dissected, the liver were isolated and tested for Malondialdehyde (MDA) level using TBA and PPARã expression using Immunohistochemistry. Data was analyzed using One Way ANOVA. The results showed that rambutan peel extract in 15 and 30mg/kgbw significantly decrease MDA levels and not significantly down regulate the expression of PPAR..
Keywords: rambutan peel extract, lipid peroxidation, Malondialdehyde, PPAR..
References
Dambal, S. S. and S. Kumari. 2012. Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation and Total Antioxidant Status in Human Obesity. International Journal of Institutional Pharmacy and Life Sciences 2(3): 62-68.
Ferranti, S.E., and D. Mozaffarian. 2008. The Perfect Storm: Obesity, Adipocyte Dysfunction, and Metabolic Consequences. Clinical Chemistry 54: 945-955.
Gavrilova, O., M. Haluzik, K. Matsusue, J.J. Cutson, L. Johnson, R.K. Dietz, J.C. Nicol, C. Vinson, J.F. Gonzalez, and L.M. Reitman. 2003. Liver Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Contributes to Hepatic Steatosis, Triglyceride Clearance, and Regulation of Body Fat Mass. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 342268-34276.
Gordon, M. 1990. The Mechanism of Antioxidant Action In Vitro. Di dalam: Hudson, B. J. F. (Ed.) Food Antioxidants. Elsevier Applied Science. New York. Hal: 1-18.
Ohkawa, H., N. Ohishi, and K. Yagi. 1978. Reaction of Linoleic Acid Hydroperoxide with Thiobarbituric Acid. J. Lipid Res. 19: 1053-1057.
Pettinelli, P., A.M. Obregon, L.A. Videla. 2011. Molecular mechanisms of steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrition Hospital 26: 441-450.
Thitilertdecha, N., A. Teerawutgulrag, J.D. Kilburn, and N. Rakariyatham. 2010. Identificati\on of Major Phenolic Compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L. and Their Antioxidant Activities. Molecules. 15: 1453-1465.
Utari, D.M. 2011. Efek Interverensi Tempe Terhadap Profil Lipid, Superoksida Dismutase, LDL Teroksidasi dan Malondialdehyde Pada Wanita Menopause. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor
Virdausi, L., M..R. Indra and Fatchiyah. 2012. Binding Inhibition Between Igf-1r and Igf-1 by catechin of Black Tea. The Journal of Tropical Life Science 2(3): 132-135
Wulandari, N., and S.R. Lestari. 2012. The Potency of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) Fruit Peel Ethanolic Extract as an Antioxidant Natural Source Based on Viability Endotel Cell. Makalah disajikan dalam Seminar International Lifes Science, Laboratorium Sentral Ilmu Hayati, Batu, 16-19 Juli.
Yussac, M.A.A., A. Cahyadi, A.C. Putri, and A.S. Dewi. 2007. Prevalensi Obesitas pada Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun dan Hubungannya dengan Asupan Serta Pola Makan. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, 57: 2.