Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus by Immunohistochemistry on the Brains of Laying Birds with Clinical Signs Torticollis and Curled Toe Paralysis
Abstract
Poultry is one of animal protein sources that have been consumed much in Indonesia. Various of health disorders are caused by environmental changes, woof and infectious agents have caused decline in production and economic loss. One of diseases that have a big impact on poultry husbandry is Newcastle disease (ND). Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an important disease in Indonesia, because this has spread around Indonesia and caused a big loss for poultry industry moreover, this has high morbidity and mortality and very rapid spread of the virus. The purpose of the research is to find out and determine a fast, exact and accurate, and efficient and effective application immunohistochemistry streptavidin biotin (IHK SB) test on NDV diagnosis affirmation and for NDV fast detection as a cause of disease on commercial laying hens with clinical torticollis and curled toe paralysis symptoms. The samples used in the form of tissues from 20 commercial laying hens with an indication of clinical torticollis and curled toe paralysis symptoms. Brains would be tested using streptavidin biotin. Inspection result data obtained by immunohistochemistry streptavidin biotin (IHK SB) method is analyzed in a descriptive and qualitative way. The result of the research proves that IHK SB coloration, NDV antigen could be detected on brains. Based on the result of the research, it could be concluded that IHK SB could be applied for NDV diagnosis affirmation and it proves that commercial laying hens with clinical torticollis and curled toe paralysis symptoms.
Keywords: Newcastle disease virus, immunohistochemistry streptavidin biotin, torticollis, curled toe paralysis
References
[1]. Swayne DE and Suarez DL, 2000. Highly Pathogenic Influenza. Rev Sci Tech Int Epiz 19:463-482.
[2]. Wasito R and Wuryastuty H, 2014. Aplikasi Uji Imunohistokimia. in: Antibodi Dan Imunohistokimia. Penerbit Andi, Yogyakarta, pp:69-104.
[3]. Aldous EW and Alexander DJ, 2008. Newcastle Disease in Pheasants (Phasianuscolchicus). A Review. Vet J 175:181-185.
[4]. Barbezange C and Jestin V, 2005. Molecular Study of the Quasispecies Evolution of a Typical Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 after Serial Passage in Pigeons by Contact. Avian Pathol 34:111-122.
[5]. Ahlers C, 2004. Diseases, avian influenza characteristics. Aus AID Southern Africa Newcastle Disease Project, Maputo, Mozambique.
[6]. Bhaiyat MI, Ochiai K, Itakura C, Islam MA, Kida H. 1994. Brain lesions in young broiler chickens naturally infected with a mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus. Avian Pathol 23:693–708.
[7]. Howarth M, Chinnapen DJF, Gerrow K, et al., 2006. A monovalen streptavidin with a single fentomolar biotin binding site. Nat Methods 3:267–73.
[8]. Adi AAAM, Kardena IM, Astawa NM and Matsumoto Y, 2012. Pelacakan secara imunohistokimiawi antigen virus pada ayam yang diinfeksi dengan virus penyakit tetelo. J Vet 13:278-283.
[9]. Fatchiyah, Laras E, Widyarti S and Rahayu S, 2011. Biologi molekuler, prinsip dasar analitis. Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta, pp:46-49.
[10]. Wasito R, Wuryastuty H, Tjahyowati G, et al., 2014. Detection and differentiation of pathogenic H5 and H7 Influenza A virus subtypes in Indonesian poultry by multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Biochem and Biotech Res 2:27-31.
[11]. Alexander DJ and Senne DA, 2008. Newcastle Disease, other avian paramyxovirus and pneumovirus infection. In : Disease of poultry (Alexander and Senne YM, ed). Blackwell Publishing, Iowa, pp:75-92.
[11]. Fenner FJ, Gibbs FEPJ, Murphy A, et al., 1993. Orthomyxoviridae. in: Veterinary virology. 2nd ed, Academic Press Inc, California, pp:545 –557.
[12]. Easterday BC, Hinshaw VS and Halvorson DA, 1997. Influenza. In : Disease of poultry (Calnek BW, Barnes HJ, Beard CW, McDougald LR and Saif YM). 10thEd., IOWA State University Press, Ames, IOWA.
[13]. Dortmans JC, Peeters BP and Koch G, 2012. Newcastle disease virus outbreaks: vaccine mismatch or inadequate application. Vet Microbiol 160:17- 22.
[14]. [OIE] Office International Des Epizooties, 2012. Terrestrial manual. Newcastle disease. http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.03.14._ND.pdf. (Accessed at January 5th, 2015).
[15]. Ke MG, Yu SW, Ho CH, et al., 2010. Characterization of newly emerging newcastle disease viruses during 2002-2008 in Taiwan. Virus Res 147:247-257.
[16]. Susta L, Miller P, Afonso C and Brown C, 2011. Clinicopathological characterization in poultry of three strains of Newcastle disease virus isolated from recent outbreaks. Vet Pathol 48: 349-360.
[17]. Chamnanpood C, Sanguansermsri D, Pongcharoen S and Sanguansermsri P, 2011. Detection of distribution of avian influenza H5N1 virus by immunohistochemistry, chromogenic in situ hybridization and real-time PCR techniques in experimentally infected chickens. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 42:303-310.
[18]. Haque MH, Hossain MT, Islam MT, et al., 2010. Isolation and detection of Newcastle disease virus from field outbreaks in broiler and layer chickens by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Bangl J Vet Med 8:87–92.
[19]. Kimbal W, 2008. Monoclonal antibody. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/ biologypages/m/monoclonal.html. (Accessed at February 10th, 2015).
[20]. Munson P, 2007. Immunohistochemistry. In : Basic science techniques in clinical practice (Patel HRH, Arya M, and Shergill IS (Eds). Springer-Verlag, London, pp:19-30.