KnE Social Sciences

Ecological Perspective on Self-advocacy Skill Acquisition: Insights from Higher Education Students with Disabilities

Unita Werdi Rahajeng — 2025-04-18

Self-advocacy is essential for students with disabilities (SwDs) because it facilitates access to necessary support and accommodations tailored to their individual needs. The environment significantly influences the acquisition of self-advocacy skills among these students. This study explores the ecological factors pivotal in this process, specifically examining how environmental elements impact students’ self-advocacy and how these factors interact to shape their experiences. Using a qualitative research approach, we conducted in-depth interviews with three students with various disabilities—physical, visual, and auditory. Data were analyzed using constructivist grounded theory methods, including initial coding, focused coding, and theoretical building, supported by Atlas.ti software. The analysis revealed three main themes: (1) The environment as a source of knowledge, (2) Changes and demands of academic life, and (3) A disability-friendly environment. The key ecological actors identified include family, peers—both typical peers and persons with disabilities—and campus communities. These findings highlight the importance of multiple ecological factors in self-advocacy skill acquisition. Integrating support from these actors can enhance self-advocacy training programs and improve support systems for SwDs.

Rasch Analysis of Students' Emotional Intelligence; Implications for Vocational Education

I Putu Agus Apriliana — 2025-04-18

Examining the emotional condition of vocational students is essential due to this population having a greater capacity to deal with academic difficulties and challenges. Students with good emotional intelligence have positive academic outcomes and future careers. Hence, this preliminary study was set out to explore and investigate emotional intelligence among vocational students in public schools. A total of 173 vocational students from Kupang City- Indonesia participated. The data were collected online using measurement instrument 13 items with validity ranging from 0.811 to 0.894 and reliability of .891. Using Rasch model analysis with Winsteps Version 37.3 software, this study finds that the level of students’ emotional intelligence in vocational public schools is in the medium category (57.80%) with an average respondents’ logit value of 0.87 (SD=0.56). Evaluated based on aspect, positive affective, emotion-other, happy emotions, and emotions-own are the dominant aspects that agree with students. This indicates that they have good abilities in this aspect. However, emotional and nonverbal emotions require further attention. This aspect has limited agreement from students, which shows that their abilities are still poor in this aspect. This study provides evidence-based recommendations for the development of more effective vocational education programs concerning promoting emotional intelligence among students.

Government Expenditures Have Implications for Economic Growth and Poverty Levels in Papua

Funnisia Lamalewa — 2025-04-18

This study examines the impact of government spending on poverty, with economic growth acting as a mediating variable in Papua. The data used in this research is secondary, focusing on the socio-economic conditions of 29 districts/cities in Papua Province. This study employs quantitative analysis to assess the effects of government spending on education and health on both economic growth and poverty levels in Papua Province during the 2017-2021 period. The findings indicate that government spending significantly affects poverty levels in Papua Province, with economic growth serving as a mediator.

Implementation of Green Marketing on Buyer Decisions to Encourage Green Economy

Sapna Biby — 2025-04-18

The implementation of green marketing for coconut fiber utilization in Aceh, specifically in LhokseumaweCity, remains limited. Efforts to market environmental friendly products from coconut fiber have not been completely successful, leading to a low economic return. MSMEs working in this area continue to face challenges in promoting their products. Although MSME managers have previously tried different media to boost sales and sustain the use of coconut fiber, a limited understanding of green marketing strategies has been a barrier. This study aims to identify the factors influencing purchasing decisions for eco-friendly products made from coconut fiber waste. This research is quantitative, focusing on MSMEs selling agricultural or related products in Lhokseumawe City. A single MSME was sampled, chosen through the saturated sample technique due to the small population size, with 100 respondents selected for the study. Data analysis used multiple linear regression. Findings indicate that green products, green prices, green places, and green promotions all have a significant positive impact on consumer purchasing decisions for eco-friendly coir products in Lhokseumawe City. These results affirm that green marketing concepts play a role in influencing purchasing decisions for coir-based eco-products, highlighting the need for green marketing to enhance public awareness of eco-friendly products, reduce waste, and support a green economy.

Building Accounting Cost Production Using Analytic Network Process and Full Costing Method for Leather Industry Craft in Malang

Ariadi Retno Tri Hayati Ririd — 2025-04-18

This article discusses accounting management for cost production and calculation accounting-based material use for leather crafting industry study case UKM SuyteeStore in Malang. This design application calculation from raw material leather until cost production is influenced by all variables in leather industry calculation. Analytic network process (ANP) is method for decision product with variables from owner leather industry based on sale data in this management application. The result are most productive and profitable for industry before cutting process material. Full costing method in this article development with variable process cutting material leather as one attribute for calculation accounting-based method cutting material is more profitable. This application is built using web programming and results in cost production from influenced attributes. The leather industry begins with the input value in the ANP method andthen calculates Full Costing with attribute values input by the main industry to obtain the most profitable result for the leather industry.

Does the PJBL Learning Model Based on Mobile Apps and Motivational Effects on Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Entrepreneurship Courses?

Munawaroh Munawaroh — 2025-04-18

Entrepreneurship learning is carried out gradually and continuously in colleges and universities. The problem is the large number of unemployed. It is suspected that there are influencing factors, namely: the skill competencies of college graduates do not match the needs of market demand. The Entrepreneurship Lecture was held to introduce the world of entrepreneurship and equip students to develop an entrepreneurial spirit. This study aims to determine the effect of project-based learning (PjBL) based on mobile apps and learning motivation on students’ critical thinking skills in entrepreneurial courses. This study has a quantitative design. The study population comprised 116 students from the Economics Education Department of PGRI Jombang University. The selected sample included 54 students through the survey. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that: 1) There is an effect of the PjBL model based on mobile apps on critical thinking skills. 2) There is an effect of learning motivation on critical thinking skills. This study provides practical implications where mobile app-based PjBL provides convenience in managing information related to learning activities in entrepreneurship courses.

Using the Reading Eggs Application as a Support Teaching-learning Using Technology in Reading: Teachers' Perspectives

Christi Kurnia — 2025-04-18

In today’s digital age, teaching how to read using technology offers a transformative approach to literacy education, enhancing student engagement, comprehension, and mastery of foundational reading skills. This research investigates the experience of Reading Eggs Application as a support learning Program for teachers in SIS Semarang. SIS Semarang is an Apple school in Semarang. Teachers at SIS Semarang are required to implement lessons using Apple devices. This study aims to examine how Reading Eggssupports primary teaching-learning activities. This study used qualitative methods. English teachers from the primary department were selected to participate in this research. Data collection was using online questionnaires through Google Forms and interviews. Content analysis was used for analyzing the data. The result of this study indicated that all participants had progressive insight into the Reading Eggs Application in supporting teachers’ teaching-learning programs. According to certain data, teachers think that Reading Eggs cannot replace the main material in learning even though the contents of Reading Eggs are excellent. Some data shows that a few teachers find it a little difficult to learn technology for implementation in the learning and teaching process. Reading Eggs is a helping tool for teachers to find fun activities and improve their skills in using technology.

Naturalization Aspect in Delivering Testimony: Amber Heard Trial Court Analysis

Anggit Kuntoadji — 2025-04-18

The case between Amber Heard and Johnny Depp was continued in Virginia in 2022, and the verdict chose Johnny Depp as the winner. Nevertheless, Amber Heard who sued him lost the trial. This Defamation trial inspired the researcher to conduct research from Amber Heard’s perspective on how she gave her testimony at the time. The data were taken from a YouTube video that consists of the utterance of Amber Heard’s testimony. Within an approach to critical discourse analysis and several methods, we found that Amber Heard implied her testimony using power to maintain attacking Johnny Depp. The researcher found that she got power in the trial court due to her significance as the victim, which influenced her to act in doing naturalization on her testimony.

Teachers' Pedagogical Competence in Psychomotor Assessment to Improve Collaborative, Creative, Communication, Critical Thinking (4C) of Junior High School Students

Diah Puji Nali Brata — 2025-04-18

Teachers’ professionalism has an important role in improving learning quality. The independent curriculum provides autonomy to teachers in learning and assessment. Teachers in revolution era 5.0 must be able to develop 4C skills for students’ potential sustainability. 4C competence is very important for a competitive job. Teachers’ pedagogical competence in doing assessments is essential to improve learning quality. It is a must for teachers to give learning experiences with 4C. However, teachers have not integrated the students’ 4C skills clearly in doing psychomotor assessments. The teachers have not identified the elements of 4C integrated with psychomotor assessment. It will impactthe result of psychomotor assessment, which is subjective, less valid, and less transparent. This research aims to know (1) the technique and instrument of psychomotor assessment implemented by teachers, (2) teachers’ pedagogical competence in doing psychomotor assessment integrated with 4C, and (3) teachers’ obstacles in doing psychomotor assessment integrated with 4C. The research method uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects are teachers at three public junior high schools SMPN in East Java. The research procedure consists of giving a questionnaire, doing interviews, and doing observation. The triangulation method (interview, observation, and documentation) becomes the basic element to explain the findings. The data analysis is done through data reduction, data display, and data verification. The findings show that (1) the techniques of psychomotor assessment used by teachers are the product (13%), project (16%), practice (40%), and observation (23%); most of instruments used are rubric (98%), checklist (2%). (2) Teachers’ pedagogical competence in psychomotor assessment shows that the teachers are less optimal in giving the result of psychomotor assessment to determine the learning completeness integrated with 4C, the teachers are less optimal in communicating the result of psychomotor assessment to the stakeholders, the teachers are less optimal in taking benefit from the result of psychomotor to improve the learning quality. (3) The obstacles faced by teachers in the implementation of psychomotor assessment integrated with 4C, as most of the teachers less understand the characteristics and steps of technique in psychomotor assessment; most of the teachers less understand the elements of 4C; teachers find difficulty in arranging the criteria of learning completeness of learning purposes; the teachers do not give detail task to the students for the activity of 4C as the base of psychomotor assessment. In conclusion, this research states that there is less optimal teachers’ pedagogical competence in applying psychomotor assessment integrated with 4C, so it needs an application model for psychomotor assessment to improve teachers’ pedagogical competence integrated with 4C based on a database. Application based on technology is used for helping teachers to do psychomotor assessments in a valid, transparent, measurable, and well-documented way. Teachers’ pedagogical competence has impact on the improvement of learning quality and psychomotor learning outcomes.

Ability of Olympiad Winning Student in Doing STEAM-based Test: Analysis of Literacy and Numeracy

Edy Setiyo Utomo — 2025-04-18

Literacy and numeracy abilities and critical thinking are very important challenges in the 21^st century. It is important to develop stats from the level of elementary education. The results of literacy and numeracy shows that there is a significant problem. Based on the International Student Assessment Program (PISA) 2019 held by OECD, which evaluates the students’ ability in various countries, about 1% of Indonesian students can solve the complex question model mathematically, even in the result of (PISA) released in 2023 about the ability of literacy and numeracy. Indonesia ranked 68 out of 81 countries and if compared with the result in 2018, it was significantly lower. This research aims to describe the ability of literacy and numeracy and also critical thinking of the Olympiad-winning student in solving the questions using STEAM-based test. The research uses qualitative approach, with the method of case study taken from the Junior High School student who wins the mathematics Olympiad. The research instrument was a test that consisted of 5 STEAM based questions. The data collection technique was giving test and it is continued with the interview based on the test result. The result of the research shows that the ability of literacy and numeracy in solving the test refers to the field of science, art, and mathematical subject to communicate, makes the students to be able to change the essay question to the mathematics form. The students can think logically, make valid statements, and construct strategy in solving the test using formal language and symbolic operation. While the test related with the technology, has an error in specifying the steps. In general, the subject’s numeracy literacy skills are good.

Thriving Together: How Sharing Sessions Empower Eastern Indonesian First-Year Minority Students

Nirwana Permatasari — 2025-04-18

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of sharing sessions in enhancing adaptability and confidence of first-year minority students from Eastern Indonesia in a university setting. Using a purposive sampling technique, we focused on 59 undergraduate students from Eastern Indonesia enrolled at Hasanuddin University in Makassar, who were in their first or second semester and did not live with family. The participants were grouped according to their respective faculties and engaged in structured sharing sessions designed to foster discussion and community building. Data were collected through pre- and post-test adaptability scales, with results analyzed using paired t-tests. The findings revealed a significant increase in participants’ confidence in their adaptability, indicated by a strong correlation between pre- and post-test scores. This underscores the effectiveness of sharing sessions in supporting minority students’ integration into the campus environment. The study emphasizes the importance of targeted interventions for minority students, contributing to a more inclusive educational setting. Future research should explore the long-term impacts of such programs across diverse student demographics and institutional contexts.

Determining the Content Validity of Empathy Questionnaire Instrument through Aiken Index for Elementary School Students in Handball

Danang Pujo Broto — 2025-04-18

This study aims to evaluate the content validity of the empathy questionnaire instrument developed to measure empathy among upper elementary school students aged 10–11 in physical education, specifically in handball. The content validity of the instrument was tested using the Aiken index, involving five expert lecturers as evaluators. The experts assessed the relevance and adequacy of the instrument items using a Likert scale with four response options (1–4). The analysis results showed that all instrument items had Aiken values ranging from 0.87 to 1, indicating validity.

Items with the highest Aiken value (1) indicated that these items were considered very valid by all experts. Conversely, items with the lowest Aiken value (0.87) still exceeded the minimum threshold accepted for content validity, leading to the conclusion that this instrument is suitable for use without significant revisions. Thus, these instruments can be considered valid and relevant for measuring student empathy in physical education. This study suggests that the use of this empathy questionnaire instrument can accurately evaluate the aspects of empathy being measured and make a significant contribution to the development of students’ empathy through sports learning. Furthermore, this instrument can be implemented in broader research to validate the results and support the development of empathy in physical education.

Aiken Index Analysis to Determine the Content Validity of an Instrument Measuring Junior High School Students' Preparedness for Earthquake Disasters in Physical Education

Saryono ‎ — 2025-04-18

This study aims to develop and test the validity of content instruments for measuring the preparedness of junior high school students toward earthquakes in physical education (PE). This instrument is designed to evaluate four main aspects of preparedness: understanding earthquake simulations, physical readiness, actions during simulations, and attitudes toward simulations. The validity content instrument was evaluated using the Aiken index method, which involves evaluations from five experts in the field of disaster preparedness, PE, and education measurement.

The experts were requested to evaluate the relevance and appropriateness of each statement using a four-point scale, starting from 1 (not relevant) to 4 (very relevant). Analysis results show that Aiken’s V value for all statements is above 0.87 which is the threshold that indicates good content validity. Rate this show that grains in instrument the considered relevant and representative for measure preparedness student to earthquake.

Findings show that the developed instrument is valid and contains adequate and usable content, making it an effective tool for measuring disaster and earthquake preparedness among junior high school students in PE settings. This instrument is expected to function as an effective tool to improve students’ understanding of risk, knowledge of emergency response, and mental and physical preparedness for earthquakes. This preparedness can help minimize the impact of disasters in schools.

Measuring the Content Validity of Physical Literacy Assessment Instruments for Manipulative Games through Aiken Index Analysis

Nur Sita Utami — 2025-04-18

This study aimed to measure the content validity of physical literacy assessment instruments on manipulative motion games. A quantitative approach was used to describe the results of content validity from five experts. Data were analyzed using Aiken’s V index. The physical literacy instrument was developed based on the domains and elements of physical literacy from the Australian Physical Literacy Framework. The instrument used four domains—physical, psychological, social, and cognitive, with each domain focusing on one element. The physical domain focused on the manipulative movement element. The psychological domain focused on self-confidence. The social domain concentrated on the relationship element. The cognitive domain focused on understanding rules. According to the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) taxonomy, each element has three ability levels: pre-structural, unistructural, and multi-structural. The physical literacy assessment instrument assessed five manipulative movement games. Each game emphasizes one skill: throwing, catching, dribbling, kicking, and striking. Each manipulative motion game assessment consists of 12 items. Content validation using Aiken’s V method involved five raters. Evaluation of the relevance of each instrument item using a scale of one to four, corresponding to irrelevant and very relevant respectively. The results of content validation with the Aiken’s V index on the physical literacy assessment instrument are as follows: i. 12 valid items on throwing games, ii. 9 valid items and three invalid items on catching games, iii. 12 valid items on dribbling games, iv. 12 valid items on kicking games, and v. 12 valid items on striking games. The minimum value of Aiken’s V index that meets validity at the 5% significance level is ≥0.87. Invalid items need to be revised to differentiate ability levels.

Leveraging Diagnostic Assessment Aligned to Differentiated Learning: Voices of English Language Teachers

Wiyaka Wiyaka — 2025-04-18

The Merdeka Belajar curriculum emphasizes flexibility and student-centered learning, making diagnostic assessment crucial for teach English effectively. By identifying each student’s language proficiency and learning needs early on, teachers can tailor instruction to meet diverse abilities within the classroom. This aligns with the curriculum’s goal of fostering independent and meaningful learning experiences. Diagnostic assessment also supports differentiated instruction, ensuring that students receive targeted support and challenges based on their individual progress. As a result, it enhances both student engagement and mastery in English, making it an essential tool for teachers implementing Merdeka Belajar curriculum. Despite the curriculum’s clear benefits, there is a pressing need for a study investigating how teachers utilize diagnostic assessments to identify students’ learning profiles, interests, and readiness. Therefore, this study intends to capture the utilization of diagnostic assessment to promote the differentiated learning, especially in junior high school. By employing qualitative research design, this study involved 19 English teachers in state and private junior high schools in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Participatory observation and semi-structured interviews were used as the instrument to collect data. Through the qualitative analysis, this study revealed that English teachers utilized some tools such Kahoot!, quizzes, Google Form, and questionnaires to implement diagnostic assessments. This study also delineated seven crucial procedures that English teachers conducted to successfully execute differentiated learning. These measures encompass structuring classroom arrangements, employing varied educational resources, implementing adaptable instructional strategies, and performing consistent assessment alongside prompt feedback. The incorporation of diagnostic assessment in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum is essential for developing effective differentiated learning modules. This method allows teachers to cater to the distinct needs of each student, hence improving their learning experiences and academic results.

Ethnomathematics-Based Interactive Video of Dermo Temple to Enhance Numeracy Skills of Elementary School Students

Via Yustitia — 2025-04-18

Since numeracy is an important skill that elementary school students must have, it is necessary to develop learning media to improve this skill. Educational videos using Dermo Temple ethnomathematics can be used as an alternative method of teaching. This study aims to develop and assess the effectiveness of an interactive ethnomathematics-based video of Dermo Temple. It focuses on numeracy as an essential skill for students to tackle mathematical problems. This study employed the 4D development model, conducted at SDN Anggaswangi 2 during the academic year 2023/2024. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, questionnaires, scales, and tests. Based on the research result, it was inferred that i. the ethnomathematics-based video was developed using 4D models until the development stage, ii. the media feasibility test results on the language aspect were 93.33% with very feasible criteria, the media appearance aspect was 87.77% with very feasible criteria, and the material aspect was 86.66% with very feasible criteria, and iii. the practicality of the Dermo Temple ethnomathematics-based video was 83.57% which showed very interesting criteria. For this reason, the interactive video proves to be effective in enhancing numeracy of elementary school students.

The Role of Community Social Education in Preventing Religion-Based Conflict

Sri Suneki — 2025-04-18

Religion-based colficts are reoccuring social incidents common in Indonesia. The city of Semarang has religious diversity, which, if not anticipated, could cause social conflict. Community social education is necessary to develop the community’s potential to live in harmony. This research aims to reveal the role of community social education in preventing socio-religious conflict in the Semarang area. This research uses a qualitative method, with an ethnographic approach that examines the socio-cultural groups of the people. The informants for this research are religious leaders, community leaders, and governments in regions that have religious diversity. Data collection techniques use observation, documents from sources relevant to the research theme, andinterviews with informants. Validity of the data was tested using source triangulation and technical triangulation. Research findings explain that community social education has an important role in maintaining harmony in communities with different religious backgrounds. Individuals in society are taught to respect other religions, communicate, understand each other’s differences, cooperate, participate in community activities, and mix in society to prevent religious-based conflicts. The implications of this research can be valuable recommendations for governments and communities with different religious beliefs in efforts to prevent conflicts based on religious differences.

Capacity Building: Agroedutourism Management and Planning in the Village of Mlese, Klaten Regency

Kartinah Kartinah — 2025-04-18

Mlese village is located on the border between Central Java Province and Yogyakarta Special Region Province, which makes it a strategic route. The area also has extensive agricultural land with a lot of potential. The residents’ livelihoods are dominated by agricultural workers, followed by textile factory workers.

Universitas PGRI Semarang has initiated a community service program to assist the residents of Mlese in transforming it into an agroedutourism destination. The development focuses on three main areas: education, integrated farming, and tourism. The program uses methods such as demonstrations, training, and mentoring to achieve its objectives.

Mentoring and training programs related to capacity building have been implemented, including food plating activities and tourism English training for local tour guides. Each activity attracted an average of 35 participants, primarily members of the women’s farmers group, as well as the Pokdarwis group and Farmer Group. Participants are encouraged to share the knowledge gained with other residents to help expedite the development of the Agroedutourism village.

For integrated agriculture, Universitas PGRI Semarang’s community service group, in collaboration with the local community, has established a greenhouse on land provided by the village. The greenhouse serves as a venue for elementary school students to participate in outdoor classes, particularly for schools in the Mlese village area. Plans for future initiatives include training in processed food innovation.

Skill Differences of Teacher Leaders Compared to Regular Teachers

Sulastri Sulastri — 2025-04-18

Not all the teacher leader graduates have been appointed as educational leaders because their value is not yet known. To find out the value of a teacher leader, we can use their skills in digital literacy and their roles at school and outside school. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach through interviews and observations in Kendal Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The research results show that the digital literacy skills of teacher leaders were more advanced than those of regular teachers, and that their roles were broader and more varied. Based on these results, it is recommended that the teacher leader program be disseminated and continue to be developed. Regional heads are recommended to appoint teacher leaders as school principals and supervisors.

From Tuberose to Tourism by Leveraging Renewable Energy and Technology for Sustainable Development in Doplang Village

Mega Novita — 2025-04-18

This study investigates the integration of solar energy systems in the village of Doplang, Indonesia, to promote sustainable rural tourism centered around its cultural asset–the tuberose (bunga sedap malam). A mixed-method approach evaluates the impact of renewable energy technologies on the community’s readiness for eco-tourism development. Data collection includes semi-structured interviews, field observations, quantitative surveys, gathering insights on community perceptions, energy usage, and cost savings associated with solar battery systems. Interviews with local villagers, business owners, and government representatives provide qualitative insights into attitudes toward solar energy adoption and its implications for tourism practices. Field observations document the current energy infrastructure, while quantitative surveys assess energy needs, post-installation savings, and readiness to adopt solar-powered infrastructure. Preliminary findings indicate that the solar battery system generates 4.8 kWh of energy daily, leading to a 30% reduction in energy consumption and monthly electricity cost savings of IDR 675,000, contributing to an annual reduction of 1.56 tons of carbon emissions. By powering essential infrastructure, such as the village hall and local businesses, the solar system supports the burgeoning eco-tourism sector. The expected return on investment (ROI) within four to five years enhances the village’s economic state. This study highlights the need for policy support, including subsidies and training programs, to facilitate solar energy adoption, offering a scalable model for rural villages in Indonesia.

Validation of the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) for Measuring Problematic Smartphone Use in Indonesian Adolescents

Liza Marini — 2025-04-18

In recent years, research has highlighted that excessive smartphone use in adolescents can potentially lead to problematic smartphone use (PSU) and negatively impact their daily lives. Hence, more precise measurement methods are necessary, particularly in the Indonesian context. The purpose of this study was to validate the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) among Indonesian adolescents. This study included 410 adolescents aged 12 to 18 from Medan, with a mean age M=15.39; SD=1.396 including 245 females and 165 males. The data analysis approach used first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with correlation factors. The results demonstrate an acceptable model fit for a single-factor structure, with the index criteria value X2 = 151.500 df = 35, p < 0,001, the Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR)=0.052, Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=0.090, Goodness of Fit Index (GFI)=0.986, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI)=0.862, and Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=0.893. Then, the internal consistency reliability coefficient shows good reliability with coefficient values Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.820 and McDonald’s Omega of 0.811, and a composite reliability of 0.824. It shows that using the SAS-SV is feasible and has a reliable scale to measure problematic smartphone use in Indonesian adolescents. Future research should explore the dynamics of problematic smartphone use across diverse regions in Indonesia to gain better understanding of the phenomenon within distinct cultural contexts.

Toward Sustainable Coastal Management Based on the Implementation of Blue Economy

Rizky Muliani Dwi Ujianti — 2025-04-18

Coastal areas play a crucial role in maintaining economic and ecological stability, especially for countries with extensive coastlines and rich marine resources like Indonesia. These areas support various industries, including fisheries, tourism, and aquaculture, contributing significantly to local and national economies. However, the rapid exploitation of coastal resources has led to environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and the marginalization of local communities, making sustainable management imperative. This paper discusses blue economy as a viable approach to addressing these challenges. Blue economy promotes the efficient and equitable use of marine resources, aiming to balance economic growth with environmental conservation and social welfare. It diverges from traditional economic models by emphasizing sustainability and long-term environmental health. Key strategies of blue economy include integrating innovative technologies, implementing eco-friendly practices, and encouraging community-based management to achieve a harmonious relationship between development and ecosystem conservation. This study explores the application of blue economy principles in coastal management through case studies from various Indonesian regions. It examines policy frameworks, technology adoption, and community empowerment as essential components for sustainable development. The findings indicate that integrating blue economy principles through community engagement, sustainable technology, and cross-sector collaboration can enhance the economic value of coastal areas while preserving biodiversity. Moreover, this approach improves the stability and socioeconomic conditions of local communities. The paper’s implications highlight that adopting a blue economy framework for coastal management can serve as a sustainable model for other regions facing similar challenges. This model not only addresses immediate environmental and socioeconomic issues but also ensures long-term sustainability. It offers policymakers and stakeholders a strategic framework for promoting sustainable economic growth while maintaining the ecological balance of coastal areas. By implementing blue economy-based management, coastal regions can enhance their competitiveness and resilience against global environmental and economic pressures, contributing to a balanced and prosperous future for coastal communities.

Halal Lifestyle Knowledge on Hotel Facilities Selection in Generation Z

Mulyati Mulyati — 2025-04-18

Thanks to globalization, technological development and easy access to information are significantly impacting people’s lifestyle choices, especially among generation Z. Currently, the halal lifestyle is developing rapidly and is becoming trendy among Indonesians. One sector that has experienced significant changes is the hospitality industry. When choosing a hotel, generation Z is very likely to consider religious and ethical values that are within their halal lifestyles. Hotel selection is a process where customers evaluate and select a facility that meets their needs and preferences. This research analyzes the impact that halal lifestyle awareness has on hotel selection in generation Z. This study employs an associative quantitative method, with the distribution of questionnaires continuiting until July 2024 using Google forms. The reaserch sample was selected using non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling, resulting in a sample of 384 respondents with the birth range 1997–2007. This study shows that knowledge of the halal lifestyle and choosing a hotel are both categorized as high. The regression test results in this study indicate that awareness of the halal lifestyle influences generation Z’s decisions when choosing a hotel with a p-value of 0.000<0.05. This study shows that the more knowledge a participant has on the halal lifestyle, the more likely they are to choose a hotel that accommodates to their values.

The Effect of Beauty Influencers and Social Media Advertising on Purchase Decisions for Skincare Products Through Purchase Intention as a Mediating Variable: A Study on Somethinc Product Consumers in Beji, Bangil, and Pandaan

Nada Ummamil Khoiroh — 2025-04-18

The swift expansion of the cosmetics industry in Indonesia can be seen as part of the impact of globalization, where beauty and skincare trends from various countries are quickly influencing consumer preferences in Indonesia. With the development of technology and social media, information about beauty trends from various parts of the world can be easily accessed by Indonesians. The trend of beauty products in Indonesia itself has shown a positive trend in recent years. People’s increasing interest in personal beauty is the main factor that drives the increasing use of beauty products. This research analyzes the impact beauty influencers and social media advertising have on purchasing decisions for skin care products, with purchase intention as a mediating variable. Using a descriptive quantitative method with purposive sampling technique with a population of consumers of Somethinc products in Beji, Bangil, and Pandaan Districts, Pasuruan, East Java, data collection was carried out through distributing questionnaires. The sample size used was 120 respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using statistical programs for social science analysis techniques through SPSS 20.0 software and multivariate analysis techniques through WarPLS 8.0 software. The results showed that beauty influencers have a significant effect on purchasing decisions, while social media advertising has no effect. Purchase interest has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions and is able to fully mediate the influence of beauty influencers and partially the influence of social media advertising. Based on the results of this study, Somethinc product companies are expected to be able to increase purchases through consumer purchasing decisions and beauty influencers.

The Use of Duolingo Application to Develop High School Students' Self-Reliance

Agustinus Dheny Budiono Wibowo — 2025-04-18

Most English pupils have difficulty in learning English, especially when it comes to speaking on their own. Those who want to speak well and fluently must develop a willingness to learn independently, since learning English in class is insufficient. Due to this, it is necessary to develop students’ self-reliance to learn. There are three concepts of self-reliance: i. being responsible, ii. being disciplined, and iii. being confident. Having awareness that students’ ability to learn independently will have an impact on how well their self-reliance ability develops. The Duolingo application has the potential to grow students’ self-reliance awareness because this application provides direct feedback on their progress. So far, not much research has investigated this. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the development of students’ self-reliance of learning to speak English before and after using Duolingo, and described how the students grow self-reliance in learning to speak English. The research was conducted on 70 high school students in Semarang City. Using Concurrent Nested Design, this quantitative research focused on measuring changes in the level of the students’ independent learning in speaking before and after using Duolingo. Qualitative data, such as interview results, were used to complete the picture on how students used the application to improve their self-reliance. The result showed that the mean pre-test score was 79.43, which increased to 91.81 in the post-test, showing a significant improvement of 12.38 points. This indicated the intervention’s effectiveness. The standard deviation of the pre-test is 6.606, and the post-test is 5.483. Moreover, the average N-gain score is 0.64 and a mean percentage improvement of 64%. While most participants improved significantly, there was notable variation in the extent of improvement. The qualitative analysis underscores the diverse ways participants perceive and benefit from using Duolingo, highlighting its effectiveness in self-reliance to speak English.

ESD-Based Green Chemistry Teaching Materials in High School to Support Sustainability

Rina Widyawati — 2025-04-18

understand environmental issues and play a role in supporting sustainability. Although the concept of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has often been applied in many fields, its application, specifically in green chemistry teaching materials in high school, still receives less attention. Previous studies focus more on the concept of green chemistry in general, so there is still a void in the development of teaching materials specifically designed to support sustainability goals. This study reviews and analyzes various literatures on the development of ESD-based green chemistry teaching materials in high school, evaluating their impact on students’ environmental understanding and critical thinking skills. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), by reviewing research that has been published between 2018 and 2024. Relevant literature was identified from the Google scholar academic journal database to get a comprehensive view of the implementation of this teaching material. The results of the study show that ESD-based green chemistry teaching materials can increase students’ awareness of environmental issues, encourage them to take concrete actions that support sustainability, and hone their critical thinking skills in understanding the environmental impacts of various chemical processes. Nevertheless, there are challenges in its implementation, such as limited resources for teachers and the need for further training so that teachers are ready to implement this teaching material properly. Overall, this study concludes that ESD-based green chemistry teaching materials have great potential in supporting sustainable learning in high schools. However, further development and stronger support for teacher training and the provision of adequate resources are needed.

Increased DC Bus Voltage Stability with Multiple Microgrid Cluster Strategies

Adhi Kusmantoro — 2025-04-18

Reliability and flexibility can be increased by connecting multiple nearby microgrids (MG) to form a cluster. This report provides a thorough and comparative analysis of previous research on the control mechanisms used by DC MG clusters. Various techniques are examined for the two important control features of networked DC MGs: power flow control between MGs, and DC-link voltage control. There is also dispute on the DC MG clusters’ architectural configuration. This study discusses all the benefits and drawbacks of the various control mechanisms used in previous studies. Additionally, three different consensus protocol types—linear, finite, and fixed—with varying time limitations are covered in this study. To support this research, continuous development of microgrids is being carried out.

Strengthening Adolescent Health and Nutrition Education in Handling Stunting with an Integrative Holistic Approach

Iin Purnamasari — 2025-04-18

Nutrition education for women, including adolescent girls, pregnant, and lactating women, plays an important role in tackling stunting. Mothers who have knowledge of proper nutrition can ensure adequate nutritional intake during pregnancy and breastfeeding, which is critical for the growth of a child. Lack of understanding of nutrition often leads to unbalanced feeding, which increases the risk of stunting. The main issues faced are low access to nutrition education, especially in rural areas, and the lack of sustainable mentoring programs. In addition, cultural norms and unhealthy eating habits are also a challenge in the implementation of a nutritious diet. Effective education efforts must focus on increasing women’s knowledge and understanding of nutrition to reduce stunting rates in the community. Community empowerment is carried out in the fields of education and health. The method used in this study is socialization and mentoring, with a percentage of theory as much as 30% and practice as much as 70%, with the stages of planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation as well as follow-up. The results of the activities are in the form of downstream appropriate technology in the form of analog rice printing machines, and social engineering in the form of mentoring and training for adolescent counseling, adolescent integrated service posts, and the provision of nutritional lodges. The study concluded that health and nutrition accessibility is very important to be given to the community.

The Role of Green Entrepreneurship Towards a Green Economy in Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review

Komang Ade Komala Savitri — 2025-04-18

Green entrepreneurship is essential in realizing a green economy because of its role in integrating sustainability principles into innovative business practices. Green entrepreneurship presents innovative solutions that prioritize reducing environmental impacts through the development of environmentally friendly products and technologies. This study analyzes green entrepreneurship to realize a green economy in Indonesia. The data analysis technique uses the PRISM design and the SLR research approach. The PRISM design used involves several stages, including data selection, research criteria, and data extraction. Secondary data sources from the Sinta 1–3 database, Scimago Journal, and Scopus using PoP8 assistance with the keywords “Kewirausahaan Hijau in Indonesia,” “Ekonomi Hijau in Indonesia,” “Green Entrepreneurship in Indonesia,” and “Green Economy in Indonesia.” The study found that MSMEs or industrial activities that carry the concept of green entrepreneurship with the contribution of ICT, energy data information, and emissions per sector and driven by factors that influence the spirit of green entrepreneurship can realize a green economy in Indonesia.

Evaluation of Teachers' Role in Engineering Design Process Learning in Early Childhood

Muniroh Munawar — 2025-04-18

Creative thinking is a crucial skill that students must acquire in order to find the most appropriate solutions to problems. This skill can be obtained through Engineering Design Process (EDP) learning which blends creativity with innovative engineering techniques by transforming new ideas into tangible forms. Research indicates that highly qualified teachers develop high-achieving students. Therefore, evaluation is needed to determine the success of learning. This research evaluates the role of teachers in EDP learning in early childhood. The data are qualitative with an evaluation approach, collected through observation and documentation techniques. To analyze the data’s validity, the researchers use Nvivo, a software program used for qualitative research. The research results show that teachers carried out their roles optimally when teaching EDP on the theme of spiders, butterflies, and ant cooperation. However, when teaching the theme of water pumps, teachers did not carry out their roles optimally. This study shows that the role of teachers has an impact on the EDP learning process. Thus, the results contribute to improving the qualifications of teachers in EDP learning to help them become more proficient educators.

Female Lecturers Managing Work-Family Conflict with Career Autonomy

Ega Leovani — 2025-04-18

This study investigates the impact of Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and the Glass Ceiling (GC) on Job Satisfaction ( JS) among female lecturers in Catholic higher education institutions in Indonesia. Data from 269 respondents were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results show that WFC and GC negatively impact job satisfaction by hindering career progression and creating tension between work and family roles. Protean Career Orientation (PCO) was identified as a key mediator, enabling women to maintain higher job satisfaction despite these barriers. The findings suggest that fostering PCO through targeted development programs can help institutions support female lecturers in navigating institutional challenges and improving job satisfaction.

Analysis of Students' Reading Comprehension Ability Based on Reading Motivation, School Climate, Teacher-Student Interaction, and Parental Involvement

Elmanora ‎ — 2025-04-18

Improving students’ literacy ability is one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), especially Goal Number 4which pertains to Quality Education. The literacy problem with students’ ability to understand the contents of what they are reading still needs to be improved. This study analyzes students’ reading comprehension ability and the factors influencing it. Based on results of previous studies, the factors that are suspected of influencing reading comprehension ability are reading motivation, school climate, teacher-student interaction, and parental support. This study involved 288 high school students selected using simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected by filling out questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression tests. The results show that reading motivation, school climate, teacher-student interaction, and parental involvement significantly affected students’ reading comprehension ability. Students who are more motivated, in good school environments, have better interactions with teachers, and receive more support from their parents have better reading comprehension abilities. Therefore, to improve students’ reading comprehension ability, it is essential to optimize the role of the school and family environments.

The Role of Organizational Culture in Enhancing Lecturer Performance: Mediating Effects of Work-Life Balance in LLDIKTI Region 2

Vera Sari — 2025-04-18

This study explores the relationship between work-life balance (WLB), organizational culture (OC), and lecturer performance (LP) in higher education institutions under LLDIKTI Region 2. The research specifically investigates how organizational culture mediates the impact of work-life balance on lecturer performance. Using a sample of 220 lecturers, the data were analyzed via path analysis to assess both direct and indirect effects. The results show that work-life balance positively influences organizational culture, which in turn enhances lecturer performance. However, the direct effect of work-life balance on performance was found to be non-significant, suggesting that organizational culture plays a crucial mediating role. This research provides novel insight into how institutional culture mediates the effects of personal well-being on professional outcomes, offering significant implications for policy development in higher education. A strong focus on organizational culture can maximize the benefits of work-life balance initiatives to boost lecturer performance in Indonesian higher education institutions.

Development of Augmented Reality-Based Smart Cards in Early Childhood for Motor Learning

Ibnu Fatkhu Royana — 2025-04-18

The development of technology greatly affects children’s motor development. It is difficult to prevent technological developments such as smartphones from reaching children. This research develops augmented reality-based smart card media that can be used to improve children’s motor development. The research method used is development research (R&D). The six development stages are: Potential and Problem, Gathering Information, Product Design, Product Validation, Product Revision, and Product Trial. The research instrument is a validation sheet with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Data analysis in this study used descriptive validity criteria. The average assessment of media experts and the average value of product trial are 84.75% and 87.75%, respectively, with a qualitative score of very good, while the average assessment of material experts is 79.125% with a qualitative score of good. This research concludes that the development of SCAR Kids media is suitable for use.

Gross Motor Development Needs Analysis Getting The Idea of The Movement And Fixation Junior Male Artistic Gymnasts

Tubagus Herlambang — 2025-04-18

The purpose of this study is to analyze the needs of gross motor development in junior male artistic gymnasts, especially related to mastering the basic skills needed in the phase of getting the idea of the movement on single bars, parallel bars, bracelets and saddle horses. The method used is a tool development experiment with a qualitative analysis approach, involving junior male gymnasts with a one group pretest postest design. The research sample amounted to 12 gymnastics athletes in Central Java. Data were collected through motor skill tests and gymnast motivation through psychomotor tests that were tested for validity and reliability. Qualitative analysis based on literature review and case studies of motor development of gymnastics athletes based on age. The results showed that the use of artistic gymnastics equipment had a significant effect on the mastery of gross motor movement skills in junior male artistic gymnasts. In young athletes, between 8-13 years of age, the focus of training is more on basic motor development and strengthening muscle stability, not significantly increasing muscle mass. Entering the age category 14-18 years, athletes begin to experience more significant physical changes due to the influence of puberty. The anthropometric characteristics of athletes under 17 years of age are strongly influenced by the rapid growth phase, especially during puberty. Postural growth in athletes under 17 years old tends to vary depending on when they enter puberty. In boys, the growth spurt usually occurs between 12-15 years of age, while in girls between 10-13 years of age.It was concluded that hand reach and certain parts of the circling movement have common characteristics that are roughly described by the minimum torque change criterion. Optimization constraints were classified into anatomical/physiological; limiting the maximum hand force on the saddle handle before dismounting, maximum joint range of motion and torque, muscle activation/deactivation time and 2-geometry; avoiding contact with the saddle, and requiring minimum landing distance. Suggestions for future research include expanding the study to include a larger sample, which may provide greater statistical power to support research findings in the field of artistic gymnastics equipment for junior gymnasts.

Strategies for Teaching Digital Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills with Attention to Adversity Quotient Aspects of Junior High School Students

Harto Nuroso — 2025-04-18

Collaborative problem solving is an important skill that to develop in education, especially in the increasingly complex digital era. By utilizing collaborative technology, students can interact and collaborate without space and time constraints. This study aims to design a Collaborative Problem Solving-Adversity Quotient (CPS-AQ) model to teach digital collaborative problem solving skills by considering the adversity quotient aspects of junior high school students. This research method uses literature review research, with the following steps: i. Identification of topics and problems, ii. Literature search and collection, iii. Evaluation and selection of literature, iv. Analysis of literature, v. Synthesis of study results, and vi. Preparation of conclusions and implications. The result of this research is a CPS-AQ learning design with the steps: i. Share the perspective, ii. Define the issues, iii. Identify the interests, iv. Generate options, v. Develop a fair standard or objective criteria for deciding, and vi. Evaluate options and reach agreement. Conceptually, the CPS-AQ model can be used to train collaborative problem-solving skills digitally.

Strategies to Train Climate Change Issue-Oriented Teaching Skills for Pre-Service Science Teachers

Joko Siswanto — 2025-04-18

Climate change is an important issue for pre-service science teachers to understand and they must be able to design and implement learning that is appropriate and supports its understanding. This study aims to design a pedagogical framework to train teaching skills oriented toward climate change issues for pre-service science teachers. The research method uses literature review research with the following steps: i. Identification of topics and problems, ii. Literature search and collection, iii. Evaluation and selection of literature, iv. Analysis of literature, v. Synthesis of study results, and vi. Preparation of conclusions and implications. The results of this study are in the form of climate change issue-oriented teaching skills with these steps: i. Improvement of Scientific Knowledge, ii. Development of Pedagogical Skills, iii. Use of Technology and Digital Media, iv. Environmental Value-Based Education and Social Action, and v. Evaluation and Reflection. Conceptually, the pedagogical framework can train climate change issue-oriented teaching skills for pre-service science teacher candidates.

Perspectives and Views of Elementary School Teachers on Academic Supervision Oriented toward te Merdeka Mengajar Platform

S. Sumarno — 2025-04-18

This research examines the need to reform the implementation of academic supervision within the Merdeka Mengajar platform. Currently, supervision focuses on administrative supervision, such as checking the teacher documents, so the main objective— improving teacher performance—is not achieved. This study analyzes the need to develop an academic supervision instrument integrated into the Merdeka Mengajar platform. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, the research surveyed elementary school teachers. The data were collected through surveys using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using average and standard deviation formula. The results of the study indicated that supervision should involve guidance to improve learning and services to students, and that teachers should play an active role in determining strategies. These findings highlight the need to develop an academic supervision instrument that involves teacher self-assessment integrated into the Merdeka Mengajar platform.

Citizenship Education Learning for Students Based on Citizen Project

Suwarno Widodo — 2025-04-18

Citizenship education in higher education plays a central role in developing students’ critical thinking skills and shaping them into informed citizens. To improve the quality of citizenship learning, the citizen project can be used as a learning model that fosters student skill development. This research aims to improve the quality of citizenship learning in higher education by implementing citizen projects in citizenship courses. The research uses a mixed-methods approach, following a dominant-less dominant design, where data were obtained through quantitative surveys, and qualitative interview offered further insight. Findings indicate that the citizen project had a positive impact on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and critical thinking skills.

Implementing SMIP (Smart Microsite Supervision) to Improve Learning Quality

Sri Janji — 2025-04-18

Early Childhood Education (ECE) educators play an important role in delivering quality learning but require help and guidance through academic supervision to implement it. Manual academic supervision by the head of ECE has not produced significant results, as educators remain uncertain about how to improve after supervision. The purpose of the SMIP application is to help the head of ECE to conduct academic supervision more effectively and teachers are supported by reflection and improvement. The actions taken in implementing the SMIP application are identification and analysis, planning, which includes reviewing the SMIP application, compiling an implementation timeline, determining target ECE units, involving stakeholders, and formulating the necessary material resources. The implementation includes Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities, coaching the importance of academic supervision at ECE and IGTKI, socializing the SMIP application to PKG ECE, IGTKI, and ECE clusters, mentoring the implementation of the SMIP application to target ECE, followed by reflection, evaluation, and reporting activities. The results showed that the head of ECE developed a better understanding of academic principles, implementation stages, and supervision techniques, enabling them to support teachers more effectively. Educators improved their pedagogical and professional competence, gained a clearer understanding of learning quality indicators, were able to develop teaching modules and learning processes, and strengthened their IT skills. These findings highlight SMIP’s potential as an effective tool for improving academic supervision and teacher development in ECE settings.

Child-Friendly School Management in Improving Positive Discipline in Tuntang Islamic Kindergarten, Tuntang District

Zulfiana ‎ — 2025-04-18

This study analyzes the implementation of child-friendly school management in improving positive discipline in Tuntang Islamic Kindergarten, Tuntang District. Childfriendly schools are an educational concept that places children’s rights and interests as the main priority, creating a safe, comfortable environment, and supporting children’s holistic development. In this context, positive discipline is an approach used to shape children’s behavior through strengthening good attitudes, open communication, and experience-based learning, without using physical or verbal punishment. School management plays an important role in implementing positive discipline through teacher training, providing a safe environment, and parental involvement in the educational process. The results of implementing positive discipline in Tuntang Islamic Kindergarten show an increase in students’ disciplined behavior, sense of responsibility, and ability to work together, which supports the development of children’s character as a whole. This study confirms that child-friendly school management with positive discipline is effective in creating an educational atmosphere that is conducive to the growth and development of early childhood.

Leveling Junior High School Students' Geometry Spatial Ability in Solving Problems on Flat-Sided Space Structures

Widya Kusumaningsih — 2025-04-18

The gradation of junior high school students’ spatial geometry abilities is a process of identification, which includes visualizing abilities, understanding of space and shape, understanding of spatial relations, and the ability to solve geometric problems. This study provides an overview of the spatial geometry abilities of grade IX students on the material of flat-sided spatial figures. This is a qualitative descriptive research with data collection procedures consisting of instrument validation, written tests, and in-depth interviews. The subjects of the study were grade IX students of Semarang City Junior High Schools. The results of the empirical study with assessment standards based on spatial indicators, namely spatial perception, spatial visualization, mental rotation, spatial relations, and spatial orientation are as follows: students can recognize and describe simple flat and spatial figures (observation), draw geometric figures from oral or text descriptions (application), imagine shapes and visualize the manipulation of objects in space (analysis), apply geometric concepts to solve problems in real-world contexts, such as spatial planning or design (synthesis and evaluation), develop projects that combine geometric concepts with other fields, such as art or architecture (Innovation), observe and identify the shapes found in the picture, transform twodimensional objects into three-dimensional objects, identify various forms of geometric shapes in buildings in the surrounding environment, combine elements of geometric shapes based on their spatiality, and represent the final shape of the object accurately and correctly.

Family Life Preparation: A Qualitative Study on Females with Marital Readiness

Arri Handayani — 2025-04-18

Marriage is a new chapter in an individual’s life. The Law No. 1 of 1974 explains that marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife, with the goal of establishing a happy and lasting family life based on faith in God Almighty. Through marriage, individuals are expected to create a harmonious family, filled with love and mutual responsibility for their roles. Before entering into marriage, individuals are expected to prepare themselves. This research explored the challenges of individual readiness for marriage before entering married life by involving individuals with marital readiness. The researchers analyzed the data using key themes that pertain to every individual readiness for marriage. The research findings indicate an understanding of wedding preparations, the efforts involved, the objectives or expectations for the ceremony, emotional readiness and conflict resolution, physical readiness, financial preparedness, and the family’s role in preparing for married life. Research suggests the importance of premarital counseling for engaged couples to help partners develop skills in conflict management and effective communication, enabling them to adjust to more realistic expectations regarding marriage.

The Influence of Work Life Balance (WLB) on Employe Performance (EP) in the Hospitality Industry of South Sumatra

Arief Marna Sonjaya — 2025-04-18

The objective of this study is to investigate how work-life balance (WLB) affects employee performance (EP) in the hotel industry of South Sumatra. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 100 hotel employees in the South Sumatra region. The analysis was conducted using simple linear regression to determine the relationship between WLB and EP. The findings indicate a significant positive influence of WLB on the EP in the tourism and hospitality sector. These findings emphasize the significance of promoting a healthy WLB to improve productivity and overall job satisfaction among hotel employees. The study adds to the existing literature by offering empirical evidence on the essential role of WLB improving EP in the hospitality industry in South Sumatra. Recommendations for hotel management practices aimed at promoting WLB.

Outdoor Learning Mathematics in a Differentiated Learning Approach Using Design Thinking

Saolina ‎ — 2025-04-18

Outdoor learning mathematics (OLM) is a way of presenting mathematics learning outside the classroom to create a fun learning atmosphere for students. Students who feel bored, uninterested, and less enthusiastic about learning mathematics are not able to grasp the material and solve mathematical problems. Thus, OLM create more meaningful experiences for students. In the independent curriculum, differentiated learning accommodates the scope of learning that favors students. So, designing a combination of OLM with a differentiated learning approach will provide a solution. The method used is design thinking with data collection through questionnaires distributed to students. Researchers conducted questionnaires and interviews to identify the needs and problems of students in learning mathematics. As a result, researchers applied OLM with a differentiation approach to make learning mathematics a more fun experience for students.

Intertextuality in Transcultural Literacy for Global Education and Soft Power Diplomacy

Sri Nurnaningrum — 2025-04-18

Intertextuality remains underexplored in transcultural literacy. Wing Kardjo’s work serves as a case study in this research. Kardjo was an Indonesian poet who shaped Indonesian literature from 1955 to 1998 and studied in Paris. This study i. analyzes Kardjo’s intertextual engagement with French literature in his sonnet “Pasar,” which critiques urbanization in Indonesia by drawing on Baudelaire’s Les Fleurs du Mal and Rimbaud’s Illuminations, and ii. explores the transposition of the poète maudit myth from Verlaine and French Symbolism into Indonesian Modernism in “Le Poète Maudit”. Using Kristeva’s comparative intertextual analysis, grounded in Kristeva’s theory, it shows how Kardjo recontextualizes these themes, transforming the poète maudit myth into a symbol of national struggle during Indonesia’s New Order. This study reveals that i. Kardjo’s “Pasar” not only resonates with Baudelaire’s and Rimbaud’s works but also adapts these themes within the Indonesian socio-cultural landscape, and ii. the poète maudit myth in his sonnet reflects Indonesia’s ideological shifts. The findings suggest that Kardjo’s intertextuality fosters cross-cultural understanding and highlights important implications for educators by showing how literature can address global issues like cultural identity, with broader impacts on global education, international dialogue, and soft power diplomacy.

STEAM and Disaster Mitigation in Curriculum Merdeka for Junior High School Phase D

Fenny Roshayanti — 2025-04-18

This study explores the potential application of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) approach in the science subject for eighth-grade junior high school students, focusing on disaster mitigation, per the Merdeka Curriculum. This research aims to understand the potential of STEAM oriented toward disaster mitigation in the science subject of the Merdeka Curriculum, particularly in Phase D for eighth-grade students. The methods used include dependability and confirmability tests to ensure data validity, obtained through an analysis of learning outcomes, teacher guides, and student textbooks. The results indicate that the potential of STEAM-oriented disaster mitigation can be seen from the dominance of indicators related to the understanding of scientific concepts concerning disaster mitigation, the availability of disaster mitigation information in teaching materials, student involvement in disaster mitigation, and the lack of technology usage for disaster mitigation. The analysis of the potential for STEAM-oriented disaster mitigation in the learning outcomes, teacher guides, and student textbooks for the IPA subject of the Merdeka Curriculum Phase D shows that the potential is less than 30%, indicating a very low level. This research provides recommendations for developing contextual learning modules, teacher training, and periodic evaluations to enhance student understanding in facing the challenges of natural disasters.

Rasch Model Analysis in Developing Mathematical Belief Measurement Instruments for Prospective Mathematics Teachers

Muhtarom ‎ — 2025-04-18

The study aimed to develop a scale for measuring student-teacher beliefs in mathematics. The model used was a design research approach, specifically a development study. This consisted of three phases: the initial investigation phase, the prototype phase, and the assessment phase. The initial investigation phase involved observing students’ and teachers’ prior knowledge and analyzing the concept of beliefs in mathematics. In the prototype phase, the researcher designed the grid and scale for measuring student-teacher beliefs in mathematics. Finally, in the assessment phase, expert validation and testing of the student-teacher belief scale in mathematics were carried out. . The study used the Rasch Model for data analysis. The results show that the scale of student-teacher beliefs in mathematics is both valid and reliable. However, while the quality of the items in the belief scale was good, the consistency of the respondents’ answers was weak.

Effectiveness of Differentiated Science Learning Oriented to STEAM -SDGs: Improving Students' Creative Thinking Skills on Energy Concepts

Purwanti ‎ — 2025-04-18

This study examines the effectiveness of science learning using a differentiated approach based on STEAM-SDGs in improving students’ creative thinking skills on the concept of energy. The research employs a quasi-experiment approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects consisted of 32 grade VIII students from SMP Negeri 1 Jumo, selected through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a validated creative thinking skills test instrument. Data analysis involved paired sample t-test and N-Gain to evaluate the improvements in students’ creative thinking skills. The results showed a significant improvement, where the average pretest score of 35.84 increased to 82.32 in the posttest. The average N-Gain of 0.72 is included in the fairly effective category. The flexibility indicator experienced the highest increase with an N-Gain of 0.78 , while originally had the lowest increase with a value of 0.62.

The study implemented differenciaton strategies in content and product. Content differentiation was tailored to students’ learning styles, by providing various forms of materials such as videos, images, and infographics. Meanwhile, product differentiation involved students designing and building simple power plant prototypes, such as water wheels, windmills, and solar panels. This activity encourages students to use their creativity and collaborate in an interactive learning environment. Overall, the results indicate that STEAM-SDGs-based science learning is effective in fostering students’ creative thinking skills. This learning model not only supports the development of creativity, but also helps prepare students to become adaptive, innovative, and environmentally conscious individuals.

Increasing Awareness of Cow Manure Processing Technology through Virtual Reality-Based Educational Media Training in Kuripan Village, Demak

Achmad Buchori — 2025-04-18

The use of cow dung as raw material for renewable energy and organic fertilizer has great potential to improve the welfare of livestock farmers and reduce environmental impacts. However, community knowledge about cow dung processing technology is often limited. This study aims to improve the awareness and skills of the Kuripan Village community, Demak, in processing cow dung through training using Virtual Reality (VR)-based educational media. VR was chosen as a technology that can provide an interactive and realistic learning experience, so it is expected to significantly improve participants’ understanding. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest design. Participants consisted of 30 local cattle farmers in Kuripan Village who participated in this training for one week. Data were collected through questionnaires to measure the level of knowledge of participants before and after training, as well as through observation and interviews to evaluate participant involvement and response to VR media. The results showed a significant increase in participants’ knowledge about cow dung processing technology, with an average increase in knowledge score of 45% from the pretest to the posttest value. Participants also showed a positive response to the use of VR, with the majority finding it easier to understand the material and more motivated to apply this technology. This study concludes that VR-based training is effective in improving knowledge and skills in cow dung processing, and has the potential to be applied in various regions as an innovative learning method in the field of renewable energy.

Optimizing the Pancasila Student Profile by Implementing STEAM Learning Integrated with Project Based Learning in Physics Lessons in High School

Belinda Chintya Rosady Putri — 2025-04-18

STEAM learning integrated with Project Based Learning (PjBL) is an area of interest in research as it helps develop twenty-first century skills in students. In today’s global market, most jobs require creative thinking and communication skills, making it important to equip students with such skills and abilities during the learning process. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of STEAM learning combined with PjBL in physics lessons and its impact in optimizing students’ Pancasila student Profile in creative dimension. The study employed an experimental research model with a control group and an experiment group. STEAM-integrated PjBL was used in the experiment group, while the control group received conventional education. The results of the N-gain score test showed that the average N-gain score for the experiment group was 63.51%, which falls under the highly effective category, with an N-Gain value of at least 22.22% and a maximum of 90%. In contrast, the control group had an average N-Gain score of 55.77%, classified as less effective, with a minimum N-gain score of -12.50% and a maximum of 100%. Observations of students’ Pancasila Student Profile in the creative thinking dimension indicated that certain students achieved emerging category as expected. The findings show that STEAM- integrated PjBL in physics lessons can optimize Pancasila students’ profile in the creative thinking dimension.

Literacy and Numeracy Culture in Elementary Schools as an Effort to Improve the Quality of Education Report Cards

Siti Patonah — 2025-04-18

This study analyzes the numeracy and literacy culture in elementary schools. The research uses a survey method with a convenient random sampling approach. The results show that several numeracy and literacy culture aspects can be optimized, including: i. The principal and education staff serve as models in the 15-minute reading activity by actively participating, ii. A School Literacy Team (TLS) or a similar team formed by the principal, iii. Students are encouraged to keep a daily reading journal, iv. Students should compile a portfolio containing a collection of reading response journals, and v. Student response journals, from the results of reading books and textbooks, are displayed in the classroom and school corridors. The study recommends designing and implementing activity strategies that can cultivate numeracy and literacy in elementary schools.

Equating Five Sets of Junior High School National Exam Questions for the Mathematics Subject

Heni Purwati — 2025-04-18

This research aims to determine the characteristics of test items and equate the National Examination test items for junior high school students in Mathematics for the 2015 academic year. The study used Item Response Theory (IRT), which ensures that students’ ability level is not dependent on the items’ difficulty level, and the items’ difficulty level is independent of the students taking the test. This study follows an exploratory descriptive approach, describing the characteristics and equivalence of the test packages created in five different versions. Data were sourced from the results of the 2015 National Examination in Mathematics for junior high school students, consisting of 40 items from 5000 students. The quantitative analysis employed the 2PL model to examine item difficulty, discrimination power, and model fit using the IRT approach through Bilog MG version 3.0. The results identified 10 questions with the same indicators that met the criteria for good items, which were used as anchors. For equating, the mean-ratio, mean-sigma, Haebara, and Stocking Lord methods were used with the R program. The equated packages were package 3 and 5, using the Haebara method with the equation b^∗₃ = 1, 036783b₃ + 0, 027869 yielding an RMSD (b) = 0.00995 and RMSD (a) = 0.08968, while package 4 and package 5 were equated using the mean-ratio method with the equation b^∗₃ = 0, 964830b₃ − 0, 018938 with an RMSD (b) = 0.01769 and an RMSD (a) = 0.08211.

Implementation of Edupas as a Learning Platform for the IPAS Project to Improve Creative Thinking Skills of Vocational School Students in Semarang City

Muhammad Syaipul Hayat — 2025-04-18

This study examines the implementation of Edupas as a learning platform in the subjects of the IPAS (Natural and Social Sciences) project to improve the creative thinking skills of vocational school students in Semarang City. Edupas is designed to support interactive and collaborative learning, allowing students to be actively involved in the learning process. The method used in this study is a quasy experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The data were collected through pre-test questions and posttest for creative thinking skills as well as analyzing student work results on worksheets and observations. The results show that the use of Edupas significantly improves students’ creative thinking skills, especially in innovation, problem-solving, and teamwork. However, the study also found challenges, including limited technological infrastructure and training needs for teachers to make the most of the platform. This study recommends that schools improve technology facilities and provide continuous training for teachers to optimize the use of Edupas. Thus, Edupas is expected to be an effective tool in improving the creative thinking skills of vocational school students in Semarang City.

ESD-Oriented E-Student Worksheet to Improve Student Learning Outcomes

Dian Tri Utami — 2025-04-18

Many environmental problems today are not entirely caused by industrial and technological development, but also by the low levels of environmental literacy, including attitudes and behaviors toward the environment. This weakens the dynamic relationship between humans and the environment. Effective environmental education can help increase public awareness of the importance of protecting the environment. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is necessary for integrating sustainability principles into the curriculum and implementing them into learning. In the digital era, teaching materials can be accessed in electronic form. One of the electronic teaching materials that can be used is e-student worksheet, an electronic-based teaching material innovation, which makes it easier for students to learn and can be accessed anytime and anywhere. However, teaching materials used in learning biology in high school are mostly not digitized. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation and effectiveness of using ESD-oriented e-student worksheet in teaching environmental pollution to improve student learning outcomes. This research used the Research and Development (R&D) approach, by adapting the ADDIE development model. The ESD-oriented e-student worksheet on environmental pollution has a validity value of 96.40%, categorized as very valid. The practicality value is 94.56%, categorized as very practical. An N-Gain score for cognitive learning outcomes was 75.12%, categorized as moderately effective. This ESD-oriented estudent worksheet can be implemented in learning as a comparison and reference tool in developing innovative teaching materials to prepare students for the twenty-first century.

A Bibliometric Analysis: Research Trends of Computational Thinking on Problem-Based Learning from 2014 to 2024

Ernawati Saptaningrum — 2025-04-18

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the evolving research trends on the intersection of computational thinking (CT) and problembased learning (PBL) from 2014 to 2024. CT, a crucial twenty-first century skill that emphasizes problem-solving through algorithmic and analytical approaches, and PBL, an instructional method that emphasizes the application of knowledge to solve realworld problems, have both garnered increasing research attention and pedagogical interest in recent years. By analyzing a wide range of publications from Scopus databases, this research examines in-depth publication trends, citation networks, author collaborations, and thematic developments within this interdisciplinary field. The results indicate a significant increase in research activity and scholarly output, especially in the past ten years, suggesting growing momentum and recognition of the potential synergies between CT and PBL. The study highlights the leading contributors to this field, including the United States, China, India, and Indonesia, and identifies influential publications, emerging research clusters, and key themes such as the integration of education technology to enhance teaching and learning approaches. This comprehensive bibliometric analysis provides valuable insights and a holistic understanding for educators, researchers, and policymakers to further advance pedagogical innovations and best practices at the intersection of CT and PBL.

The Impact of Activity Book Based on Social Emotional Learning to Improve Teachers' Pedagogical Skills and Students' Numeracy Abilities

Ida Dwijayanti — 2025-04-18

Social emotional learning plays an important role in transformative education, especially in improving academic achievement, including numeracy skills. To understand its impact, further exploration is needed, especially in several PAUD POS. This study aimed to assess the impact of using activity books based on social emotional learning on POS PAUD learning. The development procedure used Borg and Gall’s theory. The trials were conducted in three PAUD POS centers–Tunas Ceria, Tunas Bahagia, and Perintis–showed a significant increase in students’ social emotional skills, particularly in cooperative behavior, tolerant attitudes, and emotional expression. The increase was seen in activity books that fostered positive interactions. The pedagogical competence of teachers increased after using the activity books. Therefore, the use of activity books based on social emotional learning can be an innovative solution in developing social emotional skills in PAUD.

Designing the Flip-the-Flap Book Series 'I Can Protect Myself' as a Learning Medium for Children's Sexual Education

Ellya Rakhmawati — 2025-04-18

Developing educational media for sexual education is essential for engaging young students and assisting parents in delivering early sexual education. This study aims to illustrate how the Lift-the-Flap Book Series “I Can Protect Myself” can enhance children’s knowledge and skills for self-protection. The study used a research and development method and applied ADDIE as a development model. A descriptive analysis was employed as data analysis, with data collected through interviews, questionnaires, and psychological scales. A focus group discussion was conducted with 15 kindergarten teachers in Semarang city to validate the feasibility of the lift-the-flap book series. The implemented stage took place at TK Tanwirul Qulub 01 Semarang, involving five teacher and five child participants. Results showed that the lift-the-flap book series “I Can Protect Myself” is feasible in introducing sexual education to early childhood.

Teachers' Challenges on the Use of Microlearning TikTok in Assessing Students' Speaking Skills within the Merdeka Curriculum

Ni Luh Kadek Mega Utami — 2025-04-18

The Merdeka curriculum, the latest educational framework in Indonesia, promotes innovation and flexibility, allowing teachers and students to use various learning media. This study aims to explore the challenges faced by teachers when using TikTok as an assessing medium for students’ speaking skills. The use of TikTok for assessment represents a new area of research in this field. This study employs a qualitative exploratory study with descriptive analysis. The data were obtained through observations during the instructional process, Google Form questionnaires, and in-depth interviews with three senior high school English teachers in Denpasar, Bali. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, and data were collected over two months. The findings revealed the challenges came from external factors, such as time constraints, student-related factors, the curriculum, and facilities in the school. To address these challenges, alternative solutions to help teachers face challenges were needed in the form of education innovation. Using Microlearning through TikTok to assess students’ speaking skills, teachers found that TikTok was a practical outlet for students to perform their speaking skills where they practice using short, compact videos that encouraged them to speak more.