Tourist Interests as a Basis for Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Tourism Visit Recovery Planning: Studies in the Ecotourism Area of Way Kambas National Park, Lampung Province
Abstract
Ecotourism is expected to revive in the post COVID-19 pandemic, as currently the lowland conservation area with the highest biodiversity in the world is Way Kambas National Park, Lampung province, Indonesia. Attractiveness is the main variable as the basis for planning the restoration of tourist visit performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the country of origin variable and demographics of respondents in the attractiveness of ecotourism objects in WKNP. As a result, from May 2022 to August 2022, a 15-minute video about the exoticism of WKNP had been uploaded on the https://research-mil.unila.ac.id/ site. At the end of the video, a questionnaire is presented in Indonesian, English, French, Korean, Japanese, Chinese, and Arabic. The Ordinal Logistic Regression Postulate is used at the 95% confidence level. There are three levels of response variables that score 0, 1, and 2 to express not interested, interested, and very interested in visiting WKNP, respectively. The predictor variable is the respondent’s characteristics, which include the respondent’s origin, age, gender, number of dependents, income, and professional group. Optimization of model parameters and hypothesis testing were carried out at a 95% significance level using Minitab 19 software. The results showed that the attractiveness of visiting was influenced by: (a) country of origin, 33.09 times more foreign respondents compared to domestic ones with P = 0.037; (b) those who are 1 year older have a higher attractiveness, namely 1.06 times; and (c) whose professions as teachers, civil servants, and professional workers are lower, namely only 0.08 times, 0.09 times, and 0.14 times compared to housewives or students. The policy implications for redeveloping plans to improve tourist interest in visiting WKNP need to be focused on prospective tourists from abroad, with the main target being professions other than civil service employees.
Keywords: demographic, overseas, post-pandemic, and logistic ordinal regression
References
[1] Zheng Y, Goh E, Wen J. The effects of misleading media reports about. Anatolia Int J Tour Hosp. 2020;31(2):337–340.
[2] Bakri S, Apriliani AP, Ashaf A, Despa, Sitorus SH, Utami MP, et al. Satisfaction as the basis for enhancing intention repeated visitor through empowering the hospitality of service provider: Study at 3 ecotourism objects at Pringsewu Regency_Lampung Province. Int J Adv Innov Res. 2022;9(3):23–30.
[3] Dewi CI. The legal implications of signing the unwto framework convention on tourism ethics for the sustainable tourism development in Indonesia. Int J Law Reconstruction. https://doi.org/10.26532/ijlr.v6i2.17685
[4] Arini IA, Paramita IB, Triana KA. Expectations, realization, and negotiation of tourism were reborn during the pandemic in Bali tourism. Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata Budaya Hindu. 2020;1(2):101–112.
[5] Mutiah D. Prediction of the future of ecotourism in Indonesia after the covid-19 pandemic. Liputan 6. 2020. Retrived from https://www.liputan6.com/lifestyle/read/4262742/prediksi-masa-depanekowisata- di-indonesia-usai-pandemi-covid-19
[6] Asmoro AY, Yusrizal F. Potential ecotourism travel patterns in East Java after the COVID-19. Pandemic IPTA Journal. 2021;9(1):11–33.
[7] Pranata NI, dan Rahanatha GB. Factors influencing domestic tourists’ decision to visit Bali Safari and Marine Park, Gianyar, Bali. Udayana University Management Journal. 2013;2(8):1–11.
[8] Yoeti OA. Tourism economics: Introduction, information, and implementation. Jakarta: PT Kompas Media Nusantara; 2008.
[9] Miftahudin GD, Santoso WT, Darmawan A. Analysis of tourist interest objects (ODTW) and interpretation of the elephant tour ecotourism path at the elephant training center of Way Kambas National Park. Tropical Forest Journal. 2021; 9(2):270- http://repository.lppm.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/34382
[10] Jaya H. Elephant Tour in Way Kambas National Park, Lampung. https://www.herijaya.com/2014/03/wisata-gajah-di-taman-nasional-way.html
[11] Rahmad R. Andatu and Delilah, Sumatran rhinos that are increasingly stealing attention in Way Kambas. Mongabay. 2017. Retrived from https://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/22/andatu-dan-delilah-badak-sumaterayang- kian-mencuri-perhatian-di-way-kambas/
[12] Syarifuddin D. Traditional markets in terms of tourist attraction values (A case study of Monju Morning Market in Bandung City). Journal of Resort and Leisure Management. 2018;15(1):19-https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/jurel/article/view/11266
[13] Wibowo IP, Herwanti S, Febryano IG, Winarno GD. The economic value of the elephant training center in Way Kambas National Park. Tropical Forest Journal. 2019;7(1):18-https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journal/index.php/jht/index
[14] Sari TM, Salilana L. The role of the East Lampung Regency tourism office in the management of Way Kambas National Park. The Dynamics Journal. 2021;1(1):30- http://www.journal.unbara.ac.id/index.php/dinamika/article/view/770
[15] Nurjannah S, Sharif OO. Visitor satisfaction analysis in Way Kambas National Park Based on Service Quality (Servqual). Eproceeding of Management. 2022;9(2):97- https://openlibrarypublications.telkomuniversity.ac.id/index.php/management/article/view/17573
[16] Wirakusuma RM. Analysis of foreign tourist characteristics on tourism facilities in the Prawirotaman area. Tourism Journal. 2014;1(1):42- https://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/jp/article/view/188
[17] Giantinus. Tourist preferences for tourist visits at Kusuma Agrowisata Batu City, East Java: Peer Review. http://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/2176
[18] Hudiono R. The effect of gender and age on travel tendencies during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Hosp Tour Manage. 2022;5(2):123– https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JMPP/article/view/50060
[19] Prenada A, Bakri S, Herwanti S. Assessment of Bumi Kedaton Resort Zoo tourism services in Bandar Lampung using the travel cost method approach. Journal Sylva Lestari. 2015;5(2):102–1012.
[20] Gustafika M, Djokowinarno G, Bakri S. Pengembangan ekowisata dengan memanfaatkan media sosial untuk mengukur selera calon konsumen. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Metode Kuantitatif. FMIPA Unila; 2017. pp. 293-207 https://jurnal.fmipa.unila.ac.id/snmk/article/view/2097/1536
[21] Bakri S, Monik DT, Djokowinarno G. Short communication: Assessing the relationship of sumatran elephant’s movement (Elephas maximus sumatranus) with vegetation intensity in Kotaagung Utara, Lampung Province, Indonesia using NDVI method. Biodiversitas (Surak). 2022;23(4):1920–1928.
[22] Nurhaida I, Setiawan A, Bakri S, Wiranata GAB, Syah P. Pengembangan komik fable untuk meida komunikasi dan suplemnet Pendidikan lingkungan dalam ramgka kampanye pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati Taman Nasional Way Kambas- Lampung. Bumi Lestari. 2011;11(2):331–344.
[23] Hasanah M, Satrianto A. Factors influencing visits to commercial tourism objects in West Sumatra. J Econ Dev Studies. 2019;1(3):931-938. https://doi https://doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v1i3.7720.
[24] Swantara I, Kadek Budi, Praga IKB, Page IB, Darsana. The effect of tourist visits, PHR income, and receipts of retribution for tourism objects on PAD in Gianyar Regency. E-Jurnal EP Unud. 2017;6(12):2551-2582.
[25] Wijaya, Agastya IB, Brahmana, Sudiana IK. The influence of tourist visits, hotel, restaurant tax receipts, and tourist object revenue retribution against regional original income in Bangli Regency Between 2009 and 2015. EP Unud E-Journal. 2016;5(12):1384-1407.
[26] Medlik M. COVID-19 on Chinese tourists’ mental health: A perspective article In Anatolia. 2021. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.17472